scholarly journals The Effect of Elections on Capital Expenditure and Social Assistance Expenditure

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-167
Author(s):  
Yeni Eva Damayanti ◽  
Ahmad Karim
Keyword(s):  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Non Parametric

The purpose of this study is to determine differences in the allocation of capital expenditure and social assistance expenditure before and during the local elections. This study uses Wilcoxon test as non parametric test. The results show that the proportion of capital expenditure and social assistance expenditure at the time of the election is not greater than the proportion of capital expenditure and social assistance expenditure at the prior to the election. But, there is not difference the proportion of capital expenditure at the time of the election is as well as at the prior to the election.

scholarly journals PENGARUH TEKNIK PERNAPASAN BUTEYKO TERHADAP TINGKAT KONTROL ASMA PADA PENDERITA ASMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 961-966
Author(s):  
Anas Firdaus ◽  
Nuniek Tri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Asthma Control ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Test ◽  
Test Statistic ◽  
Asthma Control Test ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Non Parametric

Tingkat kontrol asma merupakan ukuran sejauh mana manifestasi asma dapat diminimalkan dengan intervensi pengobatan. Ketika asma tidak terkontrol, hal tersebut berkaitan erat dengan beban asma, penurunan kualitas hidup, dan peningkatan pemanfaatan fasilitas kesehatan, tingkat kontrol asma harus dinilai pada setiap kunjungan dan pengobatan harus disesuaikan untuk mencapai kontrol. Salah satu penanganan  nonfarmakologinya adalah dengan teknik pernafasan Buteyko, Buteyko merupakan salah satu teknik olah napas yang betujuan untuk menurunkan ventilasi alveolar terhadap hiperventilasi paru penderita asma. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kontrol pada penderita asma sebelum dan sesudah teknik pernafasan buteyko dilakukan. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasy eksperimen group pretest-postest, dengan intervensi teknik pernapasan Buteyko di RSUD Gunung Jati Cirebon. Sampel sebanyak 29 penderita asma di ambil dari total sampling, instrumen penelitian dengan lembar kuesioner ACT (asthma control test) dan analisa bivariat menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon. Hasil analisis data sebelum dilakukannya teknik pernafasan sebagian besar dengan asma tidak terkontrol yaitu 18 orang  (62,1%) dan hasil analisi data sesudah dilakukan  teknik pernafasan sebagian besar dengan asma terkontrol baik yaitu 17 orang (58,6%). Analisa data dengan menggunakan  uji statistik non parametric test Wilcoxon, didapatkan hasil p value 0,000 bahwa teknik pernafasan Buteyko berpengaruh meningkatkan kontrol asma pada penderita asma (p < 0,05).Kata kunci           : Teknik Pernafasan Buteyko, Tingkat Kontrol Asma  ABSTRACTThe level of asthma control is a measure of the extent to which asthma manifestations can be minimized by treatment intervention. When asthma is not controlled, it is closely related to asthma load, decreased quality of life, and increased utilization of health facilities, asthma control levels should be assessed at each visit and treatment should be adjusted to achieve control. One of the non-pharmacological treatments is by Buteyko breathing technique, Buteyko is one of the techniques of breathing that aims to reduce alveolar ventilation to hyperventilation of the lungs of asthmatics. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of control in patients with asthma before and after buteyko breathing techniques performed. This type of research is quasy experiment one group pretest-postest, with Buteyko respiratory technique intervention in Gunung Jati Hospital Cirebon. A sample of 29 asthma patients were taken from total sampling. Research instrument with ACT questionnaire (asthma control test) and Wilcoxon test was employed in bivariate  analysis.  The result of analysis before the technique of breathing mostly with uncontrolled asthma that is 18 people (62,1%) and result of data analysis after done respiration technique mostly with controlled asthma good that is 17 people (58,6%). Analysis using non parametric test statistic test Wilcoxon, got result p value 0,000 that Buteyko respiratory technique have an effect to improve control of asthma in patient of asthma (p <0,05). Keywords             : Buteyko Breathing Technique, Asthma Control Level

Contrast-Enhanced MRI with Magnetization Transfer Effect in the Imaging of Brain Metastatic Lesions

2017 ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
A. A. Ermakova ◽  
O. Yu. Borodin ◽  
M. Yu. Sannikov ◽  
S. D. Koval ◽  
V. Yu. Usov
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Roc Analysis ◽  
Magnetization Transfer ◽  
Metastatic Lesion ◽  
Transfer Effect ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Post Contrast ◽  
Metastatic Lesions ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Non Parametric

Purpose: to investigate the diagnostic opportunities of contrast  magnetic resonance imaging with the effect of magnetization transfer effect in the diagnosis of focal metastatic lesions in the brain.Materials and methods.Images of contrast MRI of the brain of 16  patients (mean age 49 ± 18.5 years) were analysed. Diagnosis of  the direction is focal brain lesion. All MRI studies were carried out  using the Toshiba Titan Octave with magnetic field of 1.5 T. The  contrast agent is “Magnevist” at concentration of 0.2 ml/kg was  used. After contrasting process two T1-weighted studies were  performed: without T1-SE magnetization transfer with parameters of pulse: TR = 540 ms, TE = 12 ms, DFOV = 24 sm, MX = 320 × 224  and with magnetization transfer – T1-SE-MTC with parameters of pulse: ΔF = −210 Hz, FA(МТС) = 600°, TR = 700 ms, TE = 10 ms,  DFOV = 23.9 sm, MX = 320 x 224. For each detected metastatic  lesion, a contrast-to-brain ratio (CBR) was calculated. Comparative  analysis of CBR values was carried out using a non-parametric  Wilcoxon test at a significance level p < 0.05. To evaluate the  sensitivity and specificity of the techniques in the detection of  metastatic foci (T1-SE and T1-SE-MTC), ROC analysis was used. The sample is divided into groups: 1 group is foci ≤5 mm in size, 2  group is foci from 6 to 10 mm, and 3 group is foci >10 mm. Results.Comparative analysis of CBR using non-parametric Wilcoxon test showed that the values of the CBR on T1-weighted  images with magnetization transfer are significantly higher (p  <0.001) that on T1-weighted images without magnetization transfer. According to the results of the ROC analysis, sensitivity in detecting  metastases (n = 90) in the brain on T1-SE-MTC and T1-SE was  91.7% and 81.6%, specificity was 100% and 97.6%, respectively.  The accuracy of the T1-SE-MTC is 10% higher in comparison with  the technique without magnetization transfer. Significant differences (p < 0.01) between the size of the foci detected in post-contrast T1- weighted images with magnetization transfer and in post-contrast  T1-weighted images without magnetization transfer, in particular for  foci ≤5 mm in size, were found. Conclusions1. Comparative analysis of CBR showed significant (p < 0.001)  increase of contrast between metastatic lesion and white matter on  T1-SE-MTC in comparison with T1-SE.2. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the magnetization transfer program (T1-SE-MTC) in detecting foci of  metastatic lesions in the brain is significantly higher (p < 0.01), relative to T1-SE.3. The T1-SE-MTC program allows detecting more foci in comparison with T1-SE, in particular foci of ≤5 mm (96% and 86%, respectively, with p < 0.05).

scholarly journals Testing for equality of distributions using the concept of (niche) overlap

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith H. Parkinson-Schwarz ◽  
Arne C. Bathke
Keyword(s):  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Type I Error ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Niche Overlap ◽  
Relative Effect ◽  
Type I ◽  
Underlying Distribution ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Non Parametric

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new non-parametric test for equality of distributions. The test is based on the recently introduced measure of (niche) overlap and its rank-based estimator. As the estimator makes only one basic assumption on the underlying distribution, namely continuity, the test is universal applicable in contrast to many tests that are restricted to only specific scenarios. By construction, the new test is capable of detecting differences in location and scale. It thus complements the large class of rank-based tests that are constructed based on the non-parametric relative effect. In simulations this new test procedure obtained higher power and lower type I error compared to two common tests in several settings. The new procedure shows overall good performance. Together with its simplicity, this test can be used broadly.

scholarly journals Non-Parametric Test Analysis for the Questionnaire Investigation on the High School Teachers’ Work Load

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Yasuo Ishii ◽  
Daisuke Takeyasu ◽  
Tatsuya Oyanagi ◽  
Kazuhiro Takeyasu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Work Load ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
School Social Worker ◽  
Miyagi Prefecture ◽  
Non Parametric

High School teachers in Japan are sending very busy days on their daily works including teaching, support for the club activities and deskwork. Among them, they share a lot of time for managing the club actives of students compared with other countries. In that area, professionals can make instruction much better than teachers for the special sports like Judo and Kendo (Japanese fencing) etc. School Social Worker can coordinate the professionals out of school and can help teachers by decreasing their burden on that area. There are few related papers concerning the support of club activities by utilizing the professionals outside. In this paper, a questionnaire investigation is executed to the five High Schools at Miyagi Prefecture in Japan in order to clarify their current condition and their consciousness, and to seek the possibility of utilizing school social worker for their support. Fundamental statistical analysis and Non-Parametric Test Analysis are performed. As for Q2”Consciousness for the daily works” and its related analysis, Null Hypotheses were rejected for 6 cases out of 60. As for Q3”Consciousness for guiding the club activities” and its related analysis, Null Hypotheses were rejected for 5 cases out of 48. Various cases should be investigated here after.

scholarly journals Non-parametric test to describe response time and eye movement distributions in visual search

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1317-1317
Author(s):  
B. Richard ◽  
D. Ellemberg ◽  
A. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Non Parametric

scholarly journals Hazardous materials and CBRN incidents: Fundamentals of pre-hospital readiness in the State of Qatar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Farhat ◽  
Padarath Gangaram ◽  
Nicholas Castle ◽  
Mohamed Chaker Khenissi ◽  
Sonia Bounouh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Training Module ◽  
Hospital Medical ◽  
Medical Response ◽  
Hospital Readiness ◽  
Non Parametric

Background: Hazardous Materials and Chemical/Biological/Radiological/Nuclear (HazMat-CBRN) incidents represent a serious threat to the population and the environment. They require a pre-hospital medical response system well equipped and supported with logistics and clinicians with appropriate knowledge and skills to prevent exposure and mitigate risks. Our aim is to determine if the Hamad Medical Corporation Ambulance Service (HMCAS) fulfils the pre-hospital readiness requirements for such incidents. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in HMCAS. An online survey assessed staff behaviour and knowledge in relation to HazMat-CBRN incidents. Responses were obtained on health risks and pre-hospital medical management of related threats in Qatar. Based on the results, a training module “HazMat Incident Management” was prepared with pre-/post-activity assessments. The results were explored using a multivariate linear regression and non-parametric Wilcoxon test for paired samples. Specialized Emergency Management (SEM) staff opinion about this training was assessed through an online survey. Both surveys’ validity and reliability tests were conducted. Ishikawa cause and effects diagram was built for the identification of the factors leading to a pre-hospital successful response to HazMat-CBRN incidents. Results: HMCAS has the proper logistics and plans to manage potential HazMat-CBRN incidents. The knowledge survey demonstrated that the pre-hospital medical staff information about this topic needs reinforcement. The multivariate linear regression and non-parametric Wilcoxon test demonstrated that this was obtained thanks to the implemented training module. The course satisfaction survey showed not only a big interest in this activity but also staff recommended more related topics. Earlier-RSDAT (Recognition, Safety, Decontamination, Antidot, Transport) is a tool proposed as a response acronym to build a successful risk-based response for HazMat CBRN incidents in pre-hospital setting. Conclusion: HMCAS fulfills the readiness requirements for safe and effective response to potential HazMat-CBRN incidents in Qatar. The RSDAT response matrix might help in mitigating pre-hospital response risks.

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