scholarly journals Influence of irrigation methods on corn’s productivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
A. P. Shatkovskyi ◽  
◽  
O. V. Zhuravlov ◽  
F. S. Melnychuk ◽  
I. M. Ovchatov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Subsurface Drip

Modern methods of irrigation are considered as a key factor in the intensification of technologies for growing of grain corn. The productivity of the crop as a result of the optimization of water and nutrient regimes increases from 100 to 380% in comparison with non-irrigated conditions. The aim of the research was to study the effect of sprinkling, drip irrigation and subsurface drip irrigation on growth processes, the structure of the crop formation and the yield of grain corn. Field experimental studies were conducted on the lands of Kamyans'ko-Dnieprovs'ka research station IWPLM of NAAS during 2018-2020The obtained results confirm that the method of irrigation significantly affects the formation of basic biometric parameters, yield structure and productivity. It is established that the maximum parameters of growth processes (plant height, leaf surface area, as well as photosynthetic potential and net photosynthesis productivity) of corn are provided by drip irrigation. Significantly lower and similar values were determined for the conditions of subsurface drip irrigation and sprinkling, and the lowest parameters of corn productivity were obtained under natural moisture conditions. The highest yield of corn grain was obtained under drip irrigation – 20,69 t on ha, while under subsurface laying of irrigation pipelines it was significantly lower – 16,44 t on ha. In the variant with sprinkling, the decrease in grain yield by 0,62 t on ha compared to subsurface drip irrigation was within the least significant difference of the experiment (LSDА0,5 = 1,93). On the variant of conditional control (without irrigation), on average, for three years, a low yield level was obtained - only 3,85 t on ha, which confirms the significant risks and inexpediency of this crop in the Steppe conditions without irrigation. The results also confirm the existence of a close correlation between corn yield and leaf surface area of plants. The obtained dependence is described by a linear equation of the form y = 0,6227x – 14,133, and the coefficient of determination is R2 = 0,98.

scholarly journals Nitrous oxide and carbon dioxide emissions from surface and subsurface drip irrigated tomato fields

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.P. Edwards ◽  
C.A. Madramootoo ◽  
J.K. Whalen ◽  
V.I. Adamchuk ◽  
A.S. Mat Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Irrigation Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Irrigation Practices

Irrigation practices change the soil moisture in agricultural fields and influence emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). A 2 yr field study was conducted to assess carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from surface and subsurface drip irrigated tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fields on a loamy sand in southern Ontario. Surface and subsurface drip irrigation are common irrigation practices used by tomato growers in southern Ontario. The N2O fluxes were generally ≤50 μg N2O-N m−2 h−1, with mean cumulative emissions ranging between 352 ± 83 and 486 ± 138 mg N2O-N m−2. No significant difference in N2O emissions between the two drip irrigation practices was found in either study year. Mean CO2 fluxes ranged from 22 to 160 mg CO2-C m2 h−1 with cumulative fluxes between 188 ± 42 and 306 ± 31 g CO2-C m−2. Seasonal CO2 emissions from surface drip irrigation were significantly greater than subsurface drip irrigation in both years, likely attributed to sampling time temperature differences. We conclude that these irrigation methods did not have a direct effect on the GHG emissions from tomato fields in this study. Therefore, both irrigation methods are expected to have similar environmental impacts and are recommended to growers.

Corn Yield Response to Deep Subsurface Drip Irrigation in the Southeast

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. CM-2013-0122-01-RS ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald B. Sorensen ◽  
Christopher L. Butts ◽  
Marshall C. Lamb
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Deep Subsurface ◽  
Subsurface Drip

scholarly journals Aspects of formation of soil water regime and water consumption of corn under subsurface drip irrigation

2021 ◽  
pp. 190-200
Author(s):  
M. I. Romashchenko ◽  
A. P. Shatkovskyi ◽  
A. S. Sardak ◽  
Y. A. Cherevichny ◽  
N. A. Didenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Consumption Ratio ◽  
Soil Water Regime ◽  
Subsurface Drip

The results of experimental researches on studying of features of formation of a water mode of soils, water consumption processes, and corn yield under different schemes of irrigation pipelines (IP) under subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) in the Steppe of Ukraine. The wetting zone of dark-chestnut residual-saline sandy soil (SI "SF "Brylivske") changed. There is a shift of the center relative to the drip water outlet into deeper horizons of the soil profile (up to 52 cm) with the increasing norm; soil layer 0-15 cm is almost not moistened, regardless of watering rate. At a distance of IP 1,0 m closing of wetting zones, occur at irrigation rates of 2,7 m3/100 running meter (r. m), and at a distance of IP 1,4 m does not occur even at irrigation rates of 3,7 m3/100 r. m, while the depth of wetting reaches 90 cm. The wetting zone of chernozem sandy loam on the loess species (SI "SF "Velyki Klyny") with irrigation rates of 2,7 m3/100 r. m was observed on the soil surface. The maximum depth of wetting, with irrigation norms of 3,7 m3/100 r. m, reached 70 cm with a maximum diameter of 79 cm at a depth of 25 cm. Closing of wetting zones was not observed. Studies at SI "SF "Brylivske" have confirmed that the depth of IP placement (on the soil surface or at a depth of 30 cm) influenced the formation of the soil water regime and the corn yield. The minimum total water consumption was 6271 m3/ha under drip irrigation (DI) (IP 1,4 m), 17 % more than SDI (IP 1,4 m), and 29% more than SDI (IP 1,0 m). The highest yield was obtained in the case of DI (IP 1,4 m) of 15,72 t/ha. SDI (IP 1,0 m) received 13,93 t/ha, and SDI (IP 1,4 m) received 13,50 t/ha. The distance between the IP in 1,0 m and 1.4 m of the SDI system did not significantly affect corn yield (13.93 and 13.50 t/ha, respectively), but at a distance of IP 1.4 m, the water consumption ratio was 6.8% less compared to IP 1,0 m. The value of the irrigation rate in the variants SDI (IP 1.0 m) was higher than SDI (IP 1,4 m) by 13,6 %. Therefore, in terms of irrigation water consumption and capital expenditures, the SDI (IP 1,4 m) is more economical. Experimental studies conducted in the SI "SF "Velyki Klyny" show that the depth of placement of IP (on the soil surface or at a depth of 20 cm) did not affect the corn yield. For DI (IP 1,0 m) the yield was 12,00 t/ha and for SDI (IP 1.0 m) was 12,10 t/ha, with a water consumption ratio of 533,8 m3/t, and for DI (IP 1,0 m) by 3,6 % more. The research results confirm the importance of the parameters of SDI system for the formation of soil water regime and, accordingly, the realization of the potential of varieties and hybrids of crops for their cultivation by SDI.

scholarly journals Effect of amount and timing of subsurface drip irrigation on corn yield

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 599-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon J. van Donk ◽  
James L. Petersen ◽  
Don R. Davison
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Subsurface Drip

scholarly journals FEATURES OF GROWTH PROCESSES AND PRODUCTIVITY OF RADISH PLANTS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF RETARDANTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Oksana Shevchuk ◽  
Olena Khodanitska ◽  
Victoria Verhelis ◽  
Olha Vatamanyuk
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Growth Processes ◽  
Complete Wetting ◽  
Plant Morphogenesis ◽  
Leaf Formation ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Regulation Of Growth ◽  
Positive Effect

The increase of the plants resistance to unfavorable environmental factors while increasing productivity plants is one of the perspective ways in vegetable growing. The purpose of our research was to highlight the results of studies of the regulation of growth processes and productivity of radish plants under the influence of drugs with retardant action - chlormequatchloride and ethephon. Our studies were performed on radishes of the Zorya variety. Radish plants were treated in the phase of formation of two leaves with 0.25% solution of ethephon and 0.25% solution of chlormequatchloride until complete wetting of the leaves. The control plants were treated with water. During the research the morphometric parameters of plants, leaf surface area, yield and chlorophyll content in plant leaves were determined. The use of retardants ethephon (0.25%) and chlormequatchloride (0.25%) on Zorya radish plants in the phase of 2-leaf formation caused the important changes in plant morphogenesis. It was established that plant height decreased, mass of the leaf and root enlarged, the area of leaf surface increased. Treatment of plants with ethyleneproducent ethephon (0.25%) inhibited growth of plant by 19% in height. The use of retardant chlormequatchloride (0.25%) inhibited growth by 4%. It was investigated that the use of retardants increased the number and weight of leaves in comparison with the control radish plants. Under the action of ethephon (0.25%) these indicators increased by 14% and 5%, accordingly, and under chlormequatchloride (0.25%) treatments - by 14% and 22%. It was found that the use of retardants increased the leaf surface area of radish plants. The leaf area increased by 22% when were treated with chlormequatchloride. The use of ethephon was less effective, because this parameter increased by only 11%. The use of growth regulators had a positive effect on the productivity of radish plants. The application of ethephon increased the weight of radish roots by 15%, the use of chlormequatchloride caused the enlarging weight of radish roots by 28%. Key words: morphogenesis, leaf surface area, productivity, retardants, radishes.

SOOTY MOULD DISEASES OF SOME TREES FROM AURANGABAD DISTRICT, MAHARASHTRA (INDIA)

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
NAVALSINGH J. TODAWAT
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Severity Of Disease ◽  
Sooty Mould ◽  
Leaf Surface Area

Sooty mould diseases of Tress from Aurangabad district were surveyed. During the survey of tress, 5 species were found infected by fungal pathogens causing sooty mould diseases. Disease is easily identifiable by the presence of a black, velvety growth covering the leaf surface area. The fungus produces mycelium which is superficial and dark grows on the flowers, leaf, stem and sometime on fruits also. The severity of disease depends on the honeydew secretions by insects. The diseases were found to be caused by 5 species of fungi viz. Capnodium anonae, C. ramosum, Capnodium sp., Meliola bangalorensis and Meliola ranganthii.

INFLUENCE OF GROWTH REGULATORS AND LED IRRADIATORS ON PINE STRAWBERRY ADAPTATION

1970 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
M. G. Markova ◽  
E. N. Somova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Light Effects ◽  
Control Version

Work on going through the adaptation stage of rooted micro-stalks comes down to searching for new growth regulators and studying the influence of external conditions, which include, among other things, light effects. The data of 2018-2019 on the effect of growth regulators Siliplant, EcoFus and experimental LED phytoradiators on the adaptation of rooted micro-stalks of garden strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa duch) in vivo are presented. The object of research is rooted micro-stalks of garden strawberries of the Korona variety. It was revealed that, at the adaptation stage of rooted micro-stalks of strawberries, the most effective was the treatment of plants by spraying with Siliplant at a concentration of 1.0 ml/l and the combined treatment with Siliplant and EcoFus at concentrations of 0.5 ml/l: regardless of lighting, the survival rate averaged 99.4 - 99.7%, the leaf surface area increased significantly from 291.85 mm2 to 334.4 mm2. The number of normally developed leaves of strawberry microplants increased significantly after treatment with all preparations from 3.5 to 6.0, 5.8 and 6.5 pcs/plant, and a significant increase in the height of strawberry rosettes was facilitated by treatment with Siliplant and Siliplant together with EcoFus. Regardless of growth regulators, the most effective was the experimental LED phyto-irradiator with a changing spectrum, which contributed to an increase in leaf surface area, height of rosettes and the number of normally developed leaves in strawberry microplants. When illuminated with a flashing phytoradiator, these indicators are lower than in the control version, but not significantly. By the end of the rooting stage, all microplants of garden strawberries corresponded to GOST R 54051-2010.

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