scholarly journals The IRX3 Gene; the Missing Link between the FTO Gene and Obesity

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Doaei ◽  
Maryam Gholamalizadeh ◽  
Alireza Mousavi Jarrahi ◽  
Marjan Badakhanian ◽  
Rahim Najafi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
The Relationship

Aims: The aim of this study was the investigation of the mediator role of the IRX3 gene in the relationship between the FTO gene and obesity.Materials and Methods: All related articles published in English from June 1990 to February 2017 were studied.Results: Only a Few studies have examined the association between the IRX3 gene with the FTO gene and obesity. However, all of them reported that the FTO gene can influence the IRX3 gene expression. Also, it’s reported that the IRX3 gene expression level has a significant association with body weight and body composition. Conclusions: The FTO gene effects on obesity is in part due to its impact on the IRX3 gene expression level. The further studies are needed to investigate this interaction and clarify the existing mechanisms.

scholarly journals The Role of FTO Genotype in the Association Between FTO Gene Expression and Anthropometric Measures in Obese and Overweight Adolescent Boys

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 155798831880811
Author(s):  
Saeid Doaei ◽  
Naser Kalantari ◽  
Nastaran Keshavarz Mohammadi ◽  
Pantea Izadi ◽  
Maryam Gholamalizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Overweight Adolescent

The role of FTO genotype in the effect of FTO gene expression level on change in body mass index and body composition has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the role of FTO genotype in the association between change in the expression level of the FTO gene with changes in anthropometric measurements in obese and overweight adolescent boys. Eighty-four boys aged 12 to 16 years participated in this longitudinal study. A bioimpedance analyzer (BIA) was used to estimate percentage of body fat (%body fat) and percentage of skeletal muscle (%skeletal muscle). The FTO gene expression level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was assessed using quantitative Real Time PCR (qPCR). The DNA samples were genotyped for the FTO gene polymorphisms by DNA sequencing. All measurements were performed at baseline and after intervention. A significant association was observed between the level of gene expression and %skeletal muscle. The gene expression fold change was significantly associated with change in %skeletal muscle in AA or AG genotype carriers (β = 0.34, p = .02). No significant association was detected between the change in FTO gene expression with change in anthropometric indices in GG genotype carriers. In conclusion, the association between FTO gene expression and body composition can be influenced by FTO genotype. Future studies are required to assess the interactions between FTO genotype, FTO gene expression in different tissues, and body composition.

scholarly journals Adipocyte-Specific Ablation Of PU.1 Promotes Energy Expenditure and Ameliorates Metabolic Syndrome In Aging Mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyun Chen ◽  
Alejandra De Angulo ◽  
Xin Guo ◽  
Aditya More ◽  
Scott A. Ochsner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Later Life ◽  
And Function

ABSTRACTObjectiveAlthough PU.1/Spi1 is known as a master regulator for macrophage development and function, we have reported previously that it is also expressed in adipocytes and is transcriptionally induced in obesity. Here, we investigated the role of adipocyte PU.1 in the development of age-associated metabolic syndrome.MethodsWe generated mice with adipocyte specific PU.1 knockout, assessed metabolic changes in young and aged PU.1fl/fl (control) and AdipoqCre PU.1fl/fl(aPU.1KO) mice, including body weight, body composition, energy expenditure and glucose homeostasis. We also performed transcriptional analyses using RNA-Sequencing of adipocytes from these mice.ResultsaPU.1KO mice have elevated energy expenditure at a young age and decreased adiposity and increased insulin sensitivity in later life. Corroborating these observations, transcriptional network analysis indicated the existence of validated, aPU.1-modulated regulatory hubs that direct inflammatory and thermogenic gene expression programs.ConclusionsOur data provide evidence for a previously uncharacterized role of PU.1 in the development of age-associated obesity and insulin resistance.

scholarly journals The Expression of Bile Acid Receptor TGR5 in Adipose Tissue in Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumaya Ahmed ◽  
Nasser Rizk
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Bile Acids ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Brown Adipose

Bile acids are significant physiological factors for digestion, solubilization, absorption, toxic metabolites and xenobiotics. In addition, bile acids are responsible of signal transduction as well as metabolic regulation that activate several receptors such as farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and the membrane G-protein receptor 5 (TGR5). Activation of TGR5 by bile acids is associated with prevention of obesity as well as ameliorating the resistance to insulin via increasing energy expenditure. The objective of this research is to investigate TGR5 gene expression level in different fat depots including visceral or epididymal adipose tissue (eWAT), brown adipose tissue and inguinal adipose tissue (iWAT) and to study the response of TGR5 gene expression to the antiobesity treatment (SFN). Three groups of male CD1 mice were used in this study; lean group fed with SCD, DIO mice on HFD and DIO obese mice treated with anti-obesity treatment. Body weight (BW) and phenotype data were evaluated by weekly including blood samples for analysis of glucose, insulin, leptin, triglycerides (TG). Total RNA was extracted from different fat depots and RT-PCR profiler array technology was used to in order to assess the mRNA expression of TGR5 and leptin. There was significant downregulation of TGR5 gene expression level in obese (DIO) mice and remarkable upregulation of TGR5 gene expression after successful weight loss in DIO mice treated with SFN in time dependent manner at 1 weeks and 4 weeks of ip applications. In conclusion, obesity is associated with decrease in expression of TGR5 in different fat depots and treatment with anti-obesity drug (Sulforaphane) causes stepwise upregulation of TGR5 gene expression in epididymal white adipose tissue parallel stepwise decrease in body weight. Increase of expression of TGR5 in DIO mice in eWAT is accompanied by improvement in glucose homeostasis and insulin action.

scholarly journals The Anti-inflammatory and Anti-apoptotic Role of Crocin against Expression of MMp-9, TIMP-1, MCP-1, Caspase-3, PPARα in Heart Tissue, and Metamorphoses of MicroRNA 188 in Hyperhomocysteinemic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Samy A. Hussein ◽  
Tahia E. Ahmed ◽  
Aziza Amin ◽  
Aliaa H. Ali ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Gene Expression Level ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Crocin (a water-soluble carotenoid) is the most abundant antioxidant among active constituents of Crocus sativus. Crocin has protective effects on brain, skeletal muscle, and kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury models via its antioxidant properties. The protective and anti-inflammatory effect of crocin against L-methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) in rats was evaluated. Thirty male albino rats were divided into three equal groups. Group I (control normal): rats fed ordinary diet without any treatment. Group II (L-methionine-induced HHcy): rats received L-methionine (1.7 g/kg body weight/day) orally for 8 weeks continuously. Group III (HHcy 1 crocin): rats received crocin in dose (50 mg/kg body weight/day, I.P.) for 4 weeks after induction of HHcy. The results obtained showed a significant increase in serum Hcy concentration and upregulation of NF-kβ gene expression in liver tissue and also in the gene expression level of TIMP-1, MMp-9, MCP-1, Caspase-3, and PPARα in heart tissues with significant downregulation of serum miRNA188 gene expression level in hyperhomocysteinemic (HHcy) rats. However, crocin treatment to HHcy induced in rats significantly improved all previous indicators to its normal ranges. The histopathological findings revealed that crocin treatment markedly reduced the HHcy-induced pathological changes and displayed marked improvement with normal histological architecture of the heart and brain tissues. These results suggested that crocin had a potentially ameliorating role with powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects on cardiac tissue, as revealed by suppression of proinflammatory mediators and secretion through inhibition of NF-kB signaling pathways, which may lead to upregulated miR-188 gene expression, suppress proapoptotic Caspase-3, and may protect from heart tissue injury against HHcy.

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