Preclinical Study to Evaluate the Effects of a Soft Handkerchief in Nasolabial Skin Barrier

People suffering from an ordinary acute cold consume so many handkerchiefs that the wiping actions on their own increase the abrasive damage of the nasolabial zone, finally leading to a disturbed barrier function and inflamation. It seems that the quality of the material used for nose cleansing could play an important role and that innovative handkerchiefs would fulfil a preventive role in minimizing the damaging effect of theskin barrier function of the nasolabial zone during this conditions. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of a wet handkerchief (SKNW) on the skin barrier balance by measuring filaggrin and histamine using an experimental model of ex vivo native human skin model and the interference of this handkerchief in the skin microbiota through in vitro screening. SKNW showed an increase in the production of filaggrin and a reduction of histamine synthesis in human explants subjected to barrier disruption with 5% Sodium Lauryl Sulfate. Additionaly, SKNW showed a mild and moderate antiseptic action on the evaluated microorganisms. This study demonstrated that SKNW could be considered a feasible option for consecutive wiping of nasolabial zone avoiding the transient mechanical dermatitis, considering its skin barrier protective, non-irritating and antiseptic actions.

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Proteoglycan Combined with Hyaluronic Acid and Hydrolyzed Collagen Restores the Skin Barrier in Mild Atopic Dermatitis and Dry, Eczema-Prone Skin: A Pilot Study

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms221910189 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (19) ◽

pp. 10189

Author(s):

Young In Lee ◽

Sang Gyu Lee ◽

Jemin Kim ◽

Sooyeon Choi ◽

Inhee Jung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Hyaluronic Acid ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Therapeutic Option ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Transepidermal Water Loss ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Hydrolyzed Collagen

Dry and eczema-prone skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis and xerotic eczema primarily indicate an impaired skin barrier function, which leads to chronic pruritus. Here, we investigated the effects of a novel emollient containing H.ECMTM liposome, which contains a soluble proteoglycan in combination with hydrolyzed collagen and hyaluronic acid. A prospective, single-arm study was conducted on 25 participants with mild atopic dermatitis or dry skin to assess the hydration and anti-inflammatory effect of the novel emollient applied daily over four weeks. All efficacy parameters, including itching severity, transepidermal water loss, and skin hydration, improved significantly after four weeks. The in vitro and ex vivo studies confirmed the restoration of the skin’s barrier function. The study revealed the clinical and laboratory efficacy of H.ECMTM liposome in reducing itching and improving the skin’s barrier integrity. Thus, the use of H.ECMTM liposome can be considered a therapeutic option for dry and eczema-prone skin.

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64Cu-ATSM/64Cu-Cl2 and their relationship to hypoxia in glioblastoma: a preclinical study

EJNMMI Research ◽

10.1186/s13550-019-0586-6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Elodie A. Pérès ◽

Jérôme Toutain ◽

Louis-Paul Paty ◽

Didier Divoux ◽

Méziane Ibazizène ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ex Vivo ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Tumor Location ◽

Preclinical Study ◽

Significant Rise ◽

Lower Oxygen ◽

Cu Complexes ◽

Ex Vivo Study

Abstract Background Diacetyl-bis(N4-methylthiosemicarbazone), labeled with 64Cu (64Cu-ATSM) has been suggested as a promising tracer for imaging hypoxia. However, various controversial studies highlighted potential pitfalls that may disable its use as a selective hypoxic marker. They also highlighted that the results may be tumor location dependent. Here, we first analyzed uptake of Cu-ATSM and its less lipophilic counterpart Cu-Cl2 in the tumor over time in an orthotopic glioblastoma model. An in vitro study was also conducted to investigate the hypoxia-dependent copper uptake in tumor cells. We then further performed a comprehensive ex vivo study to compare 64Cu uptake to hypoxic markers, specific cellular reactions, and also transporter expression. Methods μPET was performed 14 days (18F-FMISO), 15 days (64Cu-ATSM and 64Cu-Cl2), and 16 days (64Cu-ATSM and 64Cu-Cl2) after C6 cell inoculation. Thereafter, the brains were withdrawn for further autoradiography and immunohistochemistry. C6 cells were also grown in hypoxic workstation to analyze cellular uptake of Cu complexes in different oxygen levels. Results In vivo results showed that Cu-ASTM and Cu-Cl2 accumulated in hypoxic areas of the tumors. Cu-ATSM also stained, to a lesser extent, non-hypoxic regions, such as regions of astrogliosis, with high expression of copper transporters and in particular DMT-1 and CTR1, and also characterized by the expression of elevated astrogliosis. In vitro results show that 64Cu-ATSM showed an increase in the uptake only in severe hypoxia at 0.5 and 0.2% of oxygen while for 64Cu-Cl2, the cell retention was significantly increased at 5% and 1% of oxygen with no significant rise at lower oxygen percentages. Conclusion In the present study, we show that Cu-complexes undoubtedly accumulate in hypoxic areas of the tumors. This uptake may be the reflection of a direct dependency to a redox metabolism and also a reflection of hypoxic-induced overexpression of transporters. We also show that Cu-ATSM also stained non-hypoxic regions such as astrogliosis.

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How Does Sodium Lauryl Sulfate Alter the Skin Barrier Function in Man? A Multiparametric Approach

Skin Pharmacology and Physiology ◽

10.1159/000211095 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 111-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

J.L. Lévêque ◽

J. de Rigal ◽

D. Saint-Léger ◽

D. Billy

Keyword(s):

Barrier Function ◽

Sodium Lauryl Sulfate ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Lauryl Sulfate

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Safety and efficacy of combined essential oils for the skin barrier properties: in vitro , ex vivo and clinical studies

International Journal of Cosmetic Science ◽

10.1111/ics.12761 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

VHP Infante ◽

PMBG Maia Campos ◽

LR Gaspar¹ ◽

ME Darvin ◽

J Schleusener ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Clinical Studies ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Barrier Properties ◽

Safety And Efficacy

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Topical Pioglitazone Nanoformulation for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis: Design, Characterization and Efficacy in Hairless Mouse Model

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics12030255 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 255 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Lupe Carolina Espinoza ◽

Rodrigo Vera-García ◽

Marcelle Silva-Abreu ◽

Òscar Domènech ◽

Josefa Badia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Hairless Mouse ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Inflammatory Parameters ◽

Therapeutic Benefits

Pioglitazone (PGZ) is a drug used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus that has been reported to show additional therapeutic activities on diverse inflammatory parameters. The aim of this study was to optimize a topical PGZ-loaded nanoemulsion (PGZ-NE) in order to evaluate its effectiveness for treating atopic dermatitis (AD). The composition of the nanoformulation was established by pseudo-ternary diagram. Parameters such as physical properties, stability, in vitro release profile, and ex vivo permeation were determined. The efficacy study was carried out using oxazolone-induced AD model in hairless mice. PGZ-NE released the drug following a hyperbolic kinetic. Additionally, its properties provided high retention potential of drug inside the skin. Therapeutic benefits of PGZ-NE were confirmed on diverse events of the inflammatory process, such as reduction of lesions, enhancement of skin barrier function, diminished infiltration of inflammatory cells, and expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These results were reinforced by atomic force microscope (AFM), which demonstrated the ability of the formulation to revert the rigidification caused by oxazolone and consequently improve the elasticity of the skin. These results suggest that PGZ-NE may be a promising treatment for inflammatory dermatological conditions such as AD.

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Lysates of a Probiotic, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Can Improve Skin Barrier Function in a Reconstructed Human Epidermis Model

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms20174289 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (17) ◽

pp. 4289 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ye-On Jung ◽

Haengdueng Jeong ◽

Yejin Cho ◽

Eun-Ok Lee ◽

Hye-Won Jang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Barrier Function ◽

Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Human Epidermis ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Main Function ◽

Lauryl Sulfate ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Immunofluorescence Analysis ◽

Reconstructed Human Epidermis

The main function of the skin is to protect the body from the external environment. The barrier function of the skin is mainly provided by the stratum corneum, which consists of corneocytes bound with the corneodesmosomes and lamellar lipids. Skin barrier proteins like loricrin and filaggrin also contribute to the skin barrier function. In various skin diseases, skin barrier dysfunction is a common symptom, and skin irritants like detergents or surfactants could also perturb skin barrier function. Many efforts have been made to develop strategies to improve skin barrier function. Here, we investigated whether the microfluidized lysates of Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), one of the most widely used probiotic species for various health benefits, may improve the skin barrier function in a reconstructed human epidermis, Keraskin™. Application of LR lysate on Keraskin™ increased the expression of tight junction proteins; claudin 1 and occludin as determined by immunofluorescence analysis, and skin barrier proteins; loricrin and filaggrin as determined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analysis and qPCR. Also, the cytotoxicity of a skin irritant, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), was alleviated by the pretreatment of LR lysate. The skin barrier protective effects of LR lysate could be further demonstrated by the attenuation of SLS-enhanced dye-penetration. LR lysate also attenuated the destruction of desmosomes after SLS treatment. Collectively, we demonstrated that LR lysate has protective effects on the skin barrier, which could expand the utility of probiotics to skin-moisturization ingredients.

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Docosahexaenoic Acid Modulates Paracellular Absorption of Testosterone and Claudin-1 Expression in a Tissue-Engineered Skin Model

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms222313091 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (23) ◽

pp. 13091

Author(s):

Andréa Tremblay ◽

Mélissa Simard ◽

Sophie Morin ◽

Roxane Pouliot

Keyword(s):

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

Barrier Function ◽

Culture Media ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Skin Barrier Function ◽

Skin Permeability ◽

Skin Substitutes ◽

Normal Human Skin ◽

Assembly Method

Healthy skin moLEdels produced by tissue-engineering often present a suboptimal skin barrier function as compared with normal human skin. Moreover, skin substitutes reconstructed according to the self-assembly method were found to be deficient in polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effects of a supplementation of the culture media with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the barrier function of skin substitutes. To this end, 10 μM DHA-supplemented skin substitutes were produced (n = 3), analyzed, and compared with controls (substitutes without supplementation). A Franz cell diffusion system, followed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography, was used to perform a skin permeability to testosterone assay. We then used gas chromatography to quantify the PUFAs found in the epidermal phospholipid fraction of the skin substitutes, which showed successful DHA incorporation. The permeability to testosterone was decreased following DHA supplementation and the lipid profile was improved. Differences in the expression of the tight junction (TJ) proteins claudin-1, claudin-4, occludin, and TJ protein-1 were observed, principally a significant increase in claudin-1 expression, which was furthermore confirmed by Western blot analyses. In conclusion, these results confirm that the DHA supplementation of cell culture media modulates different aspects of skin barrier function in vitro and reflects the importance of n-3 PUFAs regarding the lipid metabolism in keratinocytes.

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The Cx43 Carboxyl-Terminal Mimetic Peptide alphaCT1 Protects Endothelial Barrier Function in a ZO1 Binding-Competent Manner

10.1101/2021.06.19.449103 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Randy E Strauss ◽

Louisa Mezache ◽

Rengasayee Veeraraghavan ◽

Robert G. Gourdie

Keyword(s):

Barrier Function ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Ex Vivo ◽

Endothelial Barrier ◽

Cell Periphery ◽

Endothelial Barrier Function ◽

Mimetic Peptide ◽

Junction Protein ◽

Cell Cell

The Cx43 CT mimetic peptide, αCT1, originally designed to bind to ZO1 and thereby inhibit Cx43/ZO1 interaction, was used as a tool to probe the role of Cx43/ZO1 association in regulation of epithelial/endothelial barrier function. Using both in vitro and ex vivo methods of barrier function measurement, including Electric Cell-Substrate Impedance Sensing(ECIS), a FITC-dextran transwell permeability assay, and a FITC-dextran cardiovascular leakage protocol involving Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts, αCT1 was found to protect the endothelium from thrombin-induced breakdown in cell-cell contacts. Barrier protection was accompanied by significant remodeling of the F-actin cytoskeleton, characterized by a redistribution of F-actin away from the cytoplasmic and nuclear regions of the cell, towards the endothelial cell periphery, in association with alterations in cellular orientation distribution. In line with observations of increased cortical F-actin, αCT1 upregulated cell-cell border localization of endothelial VE-cadherin, the Tight Junction protein Zonula Occludens 1 (ZO1) , and the Gap Junction Protein (GJ) Connexin43 (Cx43). A ZO1-binding-incompetent variant of αCT1, αCT1-I, indicated that these effects on barrier function and barrier-associated proteins, were likely associated with Cx43 CT sequences retaining ability to interact with ZO1. These results implicate the Cx43 CT and its interaction with ZO1, in the regulation of endothelial barrier function, while revealing the therapeutic potential of αCT1 in the treatment of vascular edema.

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Cataract Preventive Role of Isolated Phytoconstituents: Findings from a Decade of Research

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu10111580 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1580 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vuanghao Lim ◽

Edward Schneider ◽

Hongli Wu ◽

Iok-Hou Pang

Keyword(s):

Ex Vivo ◽

Critical Evaluation ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

Therapeutic Effects ◽

Exclusion Criteria ◽

Preventive Role ◽

Selection Of

Cataract is an eye disease with clouding of the eye lens leading to disrupted vision, which often develops slowly and causes blurriness of the eyesight. Although the restoration of the vision in people with cataract is conducted through surgery, the costs and risks remain an issue. Botanical drugs have been evaluated for their potential efficacies in reducing cataract formation decades ago and major active phytoconstituents were isolated from the plant extracts. The aim of this review is to find effective phytoconstituents in cataract treatments in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo. A literature search was synthesized from the databases of Pubmed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus using different combinations of keywords. Selection of all manuscripts were based on inclusion and exclusion criteria together with analysis of publication year, plant species, isolated phytoconstituents, and evaluated cataract activities. Scientists have focused their attention not only for anti-cataract activity in vitro, but also in ex vivo and in vivo from the review of active phytoconstituents in medicinal plants. In our present review, we identified 58 active phytoconstituents with strong anti-cataract effects at in vitro and ex vivo with lack of in vivo studies. Considering the benefits of anti-cataract activities require critical evaluation, more in vivo and clinical trials need to be conducted to increase our understanding on the possible mechanisms of action and the therapeutic effects.

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