scholarly journals Lysosomal or brush border enzymuria in kidney enzyme activities in seronegative rheumatoid arthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 01-04
Author(s):  
Dejan Spasovski
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rf Test ◽  
Β2 Microglobulin ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Alanine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Healthy Control

Introduction: To determine the effects of non-treated seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on proximal renal tubule, sensitivity of Alanine aminopeptidase (AAP), g-glutamyltransferase (g--GT), β2 microglobulin in urine β2M), as well as relation with rheumatoid factor (RF) and C-Reactive protein (CRP), DAS 28 disease activity index. Methods: RF was determined by agglutination test (Latex RF test, while kinetic methods were used for determination of Alanine aminopeptidase (AAP) and g-glutamyltransferase (g-GT), as well as MEIA (Micro particle Enzyme Immunoassay) to determine β2 microglobulin in urine. Samples (serum and urine) of 70 participants were examined (35 RA not treated, 35 health control group). Results: In 35 RF negative RA, AAP enzymuria was present in 12 (34.28%) patients, g-GT was present in 7 patients (20%), while β2 microglobulin was present in 3 patients (8.57%). In the healthy control group, 4 patients showed AAP positivity (11.42%), 2 patients g-GT positivity (5.71%) and 1 patient showed presence of β2 microglobulin in urine (2.85). RF was not present in any patient (0%). Conclusion: AAP has a higher sensitivity of g-GT and b2 microglobulin in the detection of asymptomatic renal lesions in non treated seronegative RA.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of the Second Generation Anti-CCP Test in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-58
Author(s):  
Dejan Spasovski ◽  
Todor Gruev ◽  
Nada Marina ◽  
Jordan Calovski ◽  
Snežana Percinkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rf Test ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Laboratory Variables

The Diagnostic Value of the Second Generation Anti-CCP Test in Rheumatoid ArthritisThe purpose of this research was to compare the diagnostic values of laboratory variables, to present quantitative evaluations of the diagnostic test with reference to sensitivity, and specificity, the predictive value of the positive and negative test and precision of the test for anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP 2) antibodies, rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), DAS 28 index, in early diagnosis of untreated rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Using the ELISA technology of DIA-STAT™Anti-CCP (Axis-Shield Diagnostics), the serum has been examined in 70 participants (35 RA who were not treated, 35 healthy controls). RF was defined with the test for agglutination (Latex RF test) in the same participants. In 23 of the 35 examined patients with RA, we found presence of anti-CCP 2 antibodies (sensitivity of the test 65.71%), while RF appeared in 17 patients (sensitivity of the test 48.57%). Twelve patients were anti-CCP 2 and RF positive, 11 were anti-CCP 2 positive but RF negative. Five patients were anti-CCP 2 negative and RF positive. Out of 18 RF negative patients, 11 were anti-CCP 2 positive. In 17 RF positive patients, anti-CCP 2 antibodies were positive in 12 patients. In the healthy control group, 1 patient was anti-CCP 2 positive, while 2 patients were RF positive. Anti-CCP 2 antibodies have higher sensitivity and specificity than RF in RA.

scholarly journals Serum Syndecan-1 Levels and Its Relationship to Disease Activity in Patients with Crohn’s Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Çekiç ◽  
Adnan Kırcı ◽  
Sezgin Vatansever ◽  
Fatih Aslan ◽  
Huriye Erbak Yılmaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Reactive Protein

Background. Syndecan-1 (SDC-1), a member of the family of heparan sulfate proteoglycans, plays an important role in the resolution of inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between SDC-1 and disease activity in Crohn’s disease (CD).Methods. Serum samples of 54 patients with CD and 30 healthy controls were obtained. First, SDC-1 levels of the CD patients were compared to the control group. Subsequently, SDC-1 levels were analyzed in patients with CD in active and remission periods. Finally, SDC-1 efficacy in predicting disease activity was evaluated by performing correlation analysis between SDC-1 and C-reactive protein (CRP) and Crohn’s disease activity index (CDAI).Results. SDC-1 level was higher in the CD group (61.9 ± 42.6 ng/mL) compared with the control group (34.1 ± 8.0 ng/mL)p=0.03. SDC-1 levels were higher in active CD patients (97.1 ± 40.3 ng/mL) compared with those in remission (33.7 ± 13.5 ng/mL)p<0.001. A significant positive correlation was found between SDC-1 and CRP (r=0.687,p<0.001) and between SDC-1 and CDAI (r=0.747,p<0.001).Conclusion. Serum levels of SDC-1 are higher in CD compared to the normal population and can be an effective marker of disease severity.

Carotid Plaque Characteristics and Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 359-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne G. Semb ◽  
Silvia Rollefstad ◽  
Sella A. Provan ◽  
Tore K. Kvien ◽  
Einar Stranden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Index Disease ◽  
Active Disease

Objective.Carotid plaques (CP) are predictive of acute coronary syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), suggesting that atherosclerotic plaques in these patients are vulnerable. The objective of our study was to characterize vulnerability of CP in patients with RA compared to a control population, and between RA patients with different levels of disease activity.Methods.Ultrasound examination of carotid arteries was performed in 152 patients with RA and 89 controls. CP echolucency was evaluated by the Gray-Scale Median (GSM) technique. Lower GSM values indicate higher vulnerability of plaques. CP characteristics were compared between RA patients with active disease and in remission, and between patients and controls. All analyses were performed with adjustment for confounding factors (sex, age, smoking, and blood pressure). Poisson regression analysis was used for count data, mixed modeling for GSM and area per plaque, and analysis of covariance for minimum GSM value per patient.Results.Patients with RA more frequently had CP (median 2, range 0, 4) compared with controls (median 1, range 0, 3; p < 0.001), after adjustment for age and sex. Patients with active RA disease according to the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) had lower median GSM (p = 0.03), minimum GSM (p = 0.03), and a larger CP area (although the latter finding was not significant; p = 0.27), compared with patients with RA in remission. These findings were not confirmed for other disease measures (Simplified Disease Activity Index, Disease Activity Score-28, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate).Conclusion.Patients with RA had more CP compared with controls and patients in CDAI remission, and controls had more stable CP than patients with active disease; these findings point to the importance of achieving remission in RA.

scholarly journals The Diagnostic Value of N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase and Microalbumin Concentrations in Rheumatoid Arthritis

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dejan Spasovski ◽  
Todor Gruev ◽  
Nada Marina ◽  
Jordan Calovski ◽  
Snežana Percinkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rf Test ◽  
Diagnostic Values ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Laboratory Variables ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

The Diagnostic Value of N-Acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase and Microalbumin Concentrations in Rheumatoid ArthritisThe purpose of this research was to compare the diagnostic values of laboratory variables, to present quantitative evaluations of the diagnostic sifted test with reference to sensitivity and specificity, the predictive value of the positive and negative test and precision of the test for N-acetyl-β-D-glucosa-minidase (NAG), microalbumin, rheumatoid factor (RF), Creactive protein (CRP), DAS 28 index, in early diagnosis of untreated rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to define the effect of untreated rheumatoid arthritis on glomerular and tubular function. Using a colorimetric assay for the determination of Nacetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase and an immunoturbidimetric assay for the determination of urinary albumin, the samples of serum and urine have been examined in 70 participants (35 RA who were not treated, 35 healthy controls). RF was defined with the test for agglutination (Latex RF test) in the same participants. Out of 35 examined patients with RA, in 13 we found the presence of NAG enzymuria (sensitivity of the test 37.14%), while microalbuminuria appeared in 4 patients (sensitivity of the test 11.42%). RF appeared in 17 patients (sensitivity of the test 48.57%). Four patients were NAG and RF positive, while 3 patients were microalbuminuria and RF positive. Among 18 RF negative patients, 9 patients were NAG positive, and 1 patient presented with microalbuminuria. Among 17 RF positive RA, the presence of NAG was found in 4 patients, and the presence of microalbuminuria in 3 patients. Among 18 RF negative RA, NAG enzymuria appeared in 9 patients. Microalbuminuria was present in 1 patient. In the healthy control group, 8 patients were NAG positive, 2 patients were positive for microalbuminuria. RF appeared in 2 patients. NAG has higher sensitivity than microalbuminuria in the detection of asymptomatic renal lesions in untreated RA.

Rheumatoid Factor as a Potentiator of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibody-Mediated Inflammation in Early Undifferentiated Seronegative Osteoarthropathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Dejan Spasovski ◽  
Sonja Genadieva-Stavric ◽  
Tatjana Sotirova ◽  
Julijana Brezovska-Kavrakova
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Factor ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Healthy Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Introduction. To compare the values and accuracy of the test in anticyclic citrullinated peptides antibodies, rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP) and disease activity index in early diagnosis of untreated psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods. Using the ELISA method of DIA-STATTM Anti CCP (Axis-Shield Diagnostics), sera of 70 participants were examined (35 untreated patients with PsA and 35 subjects from the healthy control group). RF and CRP were determined with the agglutination test (latex test). At the same time the sensitivity, specificity, predictive value for positive and negative testsand accuracy were determined. Results. Of 35 patientswith PsA, 1 patient showed presence of anti-CCP antibodies (sensitivity test 2.86%), while RF was foundin 0 patients(sensitivity test 0%). In the healthy control group positivevalues for RF, CRP and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were detected in 1 patient. Conclusion. ACPA antibodies have low sensitivity, but high specificity in PsA.

scholarly journals HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA LEAD TO TRANSMURAL INFLAMMATION OF COLON AND INCREASE SEVERITY OF DISEASE IN ACETIC ACID-INDUCED COLITIS IN RAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Lamda Souad ◽  
Naimi Dalila ◽  
Aggoun Cherifa
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Colon Wall ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wbc Count

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) induced by feeding rats high methionine diet on the colon wall. Colonic damages caused by Hhcy were compared with those induced by acetic –acid induced colitis.Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250g) were divided into four groups: group C (control), group M (received 1 g/kg methionine p. o. during 15 d), group A (colitis was induced by transrectal administration of acetic acid 4% on 8th day) and group MA (received methionine and acetic acid). At the end of the study, plasma homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP) and leukocytes (WBC) count were evaluated, all rats were sacrificed and distal 8 cm of the colon was dissected. Colon was weighed for disease activity index (DAI) and injuries were assessed macroscopically and histologically.Results: High methionine diet induced significant (P<0.001) increase of homocysteine (hcy), CRP levels and WBC count compared to control. Acetic acid rats showed a significant decrease of WBC count. Mixed treatment caused a significant increase of hcy, CRP and a significant decrease of WBC count. Our results showed that Hhcy causes significant damages and immune cells infiltration in all layers of the colonic wall.Conclusion: The present investigation demonstrated that Hhcy increased the major inflammatory markers as CRP and leukocytes count and produced transmural colitis in rats. Effect of Hhcy is more toxic on the colonic wall than acetic acid indeed while acetic acid lesions are localized in mucosa and submucosa the lesions of hcy extend to the all layers (mucosa, submucosa and muscularis propria). Acetic acid induced colitis in hyperhomocysteinemic rats increased the severity of colitis.

scholarly journals HYPERHOMOCYSTEINEMIA LEAD TO TRANSMURAL INFLAMMATION OF COLON AND INCREASE SEVERITY OF DISEASE IN ACETIC ACID-INDUCED COLITIS IN RAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Lamda Souad ◽  
Naimi Dalila ◽  
Aggoun Cherifa
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Colon Wall ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Group A ◽  
Wbc Count

Objective: The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hhcy) induced by feeding rats high methionine diet on the colon wall. Colonic damages caused by Hhcy were compared with those induced by acetic –acid induced colitis.Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250g) were divided into four groups: group C (control), group M (received 1 g/kg methionine p. o. during 15 d), group A (colitis was induced by transrectal administration of acetic acid 4% on 8th day) and group MA (received methionine and acetic acid). At the end of the study, plasma homocysteine, C-reactive protein (CRP) and leukocytes (WBC) count were evaluated, all rats were sacrificed and distal 8 cm of the colon was dissected. Colon was weighed for disease activity index (DAI) and injuries were assessed macroscopically and histologically.Results: High methionine diet induced significant (P<0.001) increase of homocysteine (hcy), CRP levels and WBC count compared to control. Acetic acid rats showed a significant decrease of WBC count. Mixed treatment caused a significant increase of hcy, CRP and a significant decrease of WBC count. Our results showed that Hhcy causes significant damages and immune cells infiltration in all layers of the colonic wall.Conclusion: The present investigation demonstrated that Hhcy increased the major inflammatory markers as CRP and leukocytes count and produced transmural colitis in rats. Effect of Hhcy is more toxic on the colonic wall than acetic acid indeed while acetic acid lesions are localized in mucosa and submucosa the lesions of hcy extend to the all layers (mucosa, submucosa and muscularis propria). Acetic acid induced colitis in hyperhomocysteinemic rats increased the severity of colitis.

scholarly journals Clinical Advantage of Attaining Index-Based Remission Criteria prior to Composite Remission in Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ichiro Yoshii ◽  
Tatsumi Chijiwa ◽  
Naoya Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Remission Criteria ◽  
Clinical Advantage ◽  
Rate Of Failure ◽  
Activity Indices

Background and objectives: The clinical advantage of targeting index-based remission criteria (IR) prior to Boolean remission (BR) was evaluated retrospectively. Materials and Methods: A total of 578 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), who were treated for more than three years, were recruited. Patients who were treated to targeted IR and composite measure remission criteria such as BR from the first consultation were divided according to the turn of attaining BR and IR: IB-R, a group that matched IR at the same time BR is attained or earlier; BI-F, a group that attained BR followed by IR or failed; IR-BF, a group that could not attain BR despite attaining IR; Both-F, a group that failed to attain either BR or IR. Background factors were statistically compared among groups. The BR rate in patients who attained IR (BRR) and the rate of failure to attain IR in patients who failed to attain BR (BFR) were statistically evaluated. Results: Groups made of 225, 231, and 482 in IB-R; 160, 154, and 8 in BI-F; 18, 18, and 75 in IR-BF; and 175, 175, and 13 in Both-F when indexing the clinical disease activity index (CDAI), simplified disease activity index (SDAI), and 28-joints disease activity score with C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), respectively. Disease activity indices&rsquo; scores after BR demonstrated significantly higher in the BI-F group than in the IB-R group. BRR was 92.6%, 92.8%, and 86.5%, while BFR was 71.3%, 71.3%, and 13.8% when indexing CDAI, SDAI, and DAS28-CRP, respectively. Conclusions: Targeting CDAI and SDAI remission prior to BR contributes to a stable clinical course.

Implication of baseline levels and early changes of C-reactive protein for subsequent clinical outcomes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis treated with tocilizumab

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 874-882
Author(s):  
Inbal Haya Shafran ◽  
Farideh Alasti ◽  
Josef S Smolen ◽  
Daniel Aletaha
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Activity Index ◽  
Disease Activity Index ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Therapeutic Success ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Early Ra

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterised by clinical joint swelling and elevation of acute phase reactant levels, typically measured by the C-reactive protein (CRP). Clinical and inflammatory responses are usually concordant, except for inhibition of IL-6, which often disproportionally reduces the CRP due to direct inhibition of its hepatic production. We investigated whether pre-treatment CRP is a useful marker that can guide a preferential treatment choice towards IL-6 inhibition.MethodsData of 1126 treatment courses with tocilizumab (TCZ; early RA), 250 courses of rituximab (RTX; established RA) and 249 courses of methotrexate (MTX; established RA) were analysed. We compared clinical disease activity index (CDAI) values and change along 24 weeks’ follow-up to CRP values at baseline or its early change. We validated the results using data from a separate TCZ trial in early RA.ResultsCRP levels in the TCZ group on average dropped by 74% within 4 weeks. Patients who attained CDAI remission at 24 weeks on TCZ had the highest baseline CRP levels while patients in high disease activity had the lowest; this association was reverse in the RTX and MTX groups. TCZ patients who achieved remission at 24 weeks showed the largest reductions of CRP levels by week 4 compared with those reaching higher disease activity states. Early CRP non-response was indicative of a risk of not achieving clinical treatment goals (p=0.038).ConclusionBaseline CRP appears to have a positive association with reaching the therapeutic target on TCZ treatment, but is a negative predictor for RTX and MTX. Patients on TCZ without an early CRP response have a lower chance of achieving remission. CRP and its early course may inform, to some extent, the estimation of potential therapeutic success in patients with RA.

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