scholarly journals MONITORING THE EPISOOTIC SITUATION OF DISEASES OF CATTLE HOOTS IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN, INDICATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF MICROFLORA

2021 ◽  
Vol 247 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
D.N. Mingaleev ◽  
◽  
V.S. Ugryumova ◽  
Umaru Beiki Al-Amin ◽  
R.Kh. Ravilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Bacteriological Study ◽  
The Republic

The article presents a retrospective analysis of bovine necrobacteriosis in the Republic of Tatarstan in the period from 2011 to 2020. In the bacteriological study of the spicies compositions of microorganisms isolated from purulent-necrotic foci in hoof area of cattle, in the safe farms for this disease, the causative agent of necrobacteriosis was found in 50 % of cases.

scholarly journals Risk assessment the potential occurrence of anthrax outbreaks in the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-889
Author(s):  
Kh N Makaev ◽  
S V Ivanova ◽  
L A Melnikova ◽  
G Kh Murtazina ◽  
A N Garaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Infected Animal ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Focus Of Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

Aim. To assess the risks of potential anthrax outbreaks based on a retrospective analysis of the epizootic situation for this infection and inventory data on the number of stationary anthrax-unfavorable sites in the Russian Federation using the case of the Republic of Tatarstan. Methods. A retrospective analysis of data on animals with anthrax in the Republic of Tatarstan and the inventory of permanently unfavorable sites for this infection in the Russian Federation was carried out by using veterinary reporting documents for the period between 1914 and 2018. The epizooticity index of anthrax-unfavorable sites was determined by the formula: EI=(nt)/(NT), and the effectiveness of specific prevention of the infection was determined according to the guidelines. Analyzes were carried out using statistical methods. Results. The analysis of the results of the conducted studies showed that between 1914 and 2018, 2037 group and single animals infected with anthrax on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, 1208 stationary unfavorable sites for this infection were registered. When assessing the risks of the potential occurrence of anthrax among animals of the Republic of Tatarstan, it was found that 69.8% of the territory of the republic (every third settlement) is permanently unfavorable for anthrax and has serious risks of a possible re-infection of animals with this infection, therefore all livestock of animals once a year vaccinated against anthrax. A study of more than 11,000 blood serum samples of animals vaccinated against anthrax according to this scheme revealed that the titer of anti-anthrax antibodies decreases 1:2 and 1:4 below the level that protecting the animal from infection with the causative agent of this infection in 20% of animals after 6 months, and in 60% after 12 months after vaccination. This creates high risks of anthrax in animals and people in disadvantaged areas since the anthrax pathogen is transmitted from an infected animal to a person by mistaken autopsy of dead animals or the processing of carcasses of animals, hidden carriers of the anthrax pathogen. With this in mind, in regions with high risks of anthrax, it was confirmed the need for introducing two vaccinations per year into the prevention scheme of this infection in animals and monitor the post-vaccination immunological status, which will allow them to maintain high immunity throughout the year and promptly eliminate the focus of infection. Conclusion. It was found that 69.8% of the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan (every third settlement) is permanently unfavorable for anthrax and has high risks of anthrax outbreaks in animals; it was shown the need for complex anti-anthrax measures, including two-time vaccination of animals during the year, to reduce the risks of infection of animals and the population with the causative agent of this infection.

DIROPHILARIOSIS MONITORING IN CREED DOGS IN THE ARARAT REGION OF ARMENIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Slobodyanik ◽  
◽  
S.S Zykova
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Invasion Rate ◽  
The Republic

Dirofilariasis is distinguished by the type of causative agent of dirofilaria - Dirofilariaimmitis and Dirofilariarepens. Dirofilariasis is practically not studied in the territory of Armenia. The article is devoted to determining the spread of dirofilariasis and the extent of the invasion extent in the Ararat region of the Republic of Armenia. The objects of study were shepherd dogs. It was found that in 100% of cases the causative agent is D. immitis; the average invasion rate of shepherd dogs in the Ararat region was 16.6%. The largest number of dogs with dirofilariasis was between the ages of 3 to 5 years. Thus, in Armenia, a local focus of carnivorous dirofilariasis is actively functioning, in the distribution of which cattle dogs are actively involved.

scholarly journals DETECTION OF FOCI OF TULAREMIA USING ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY FOR THE PREDATORY BIRD PELLETS

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 632-641
Author(s):  
Alexey; ANDREYCHEV ◽  
Ekaterina BOYAROVA ◽  
Alexander LAPSHIN ◽  
Vyacheslav KUZNETSOV
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Average Content ◽  
Predatory Bird ◽  
Eagle Owl ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Ural Owl

The results of identifying tularemia foci using the predatory bird pellets in the central part of Russia using the example of the Republic of Mordovia are presented. The efficacy of tularemia detection in pellets compared with other biomaterials has been shown. The average content of the tularemia microbe antigen from the predatory bird pellets was 9,4%. The greatest number of registrations of the causative agent of tularemia in the pellets was observed in Eagle Owl (29,2%). To a lesser extent, the pathogen was detected in the Ural Owl (14,7%). The tularemia pathogen was detected more often in the bird predator pellets than in the biomaterial from rodents. The largest share of positive samples was recorded in the riverine districts. The dynamics of identifying the causative agent of tularemia should be noted in 2015, 2017 and 2018, which are characterized by high values of the indicator.

Cases of Q fever detected in residents of the novosibirsk region hospitalized with suspection of infections transmitted by ticks

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
E. I. Bondarenko ◽  
E. S. Filimonova ◽  
E. I. Krasnova ◽  
E. V. Krinitsina ◽  
S. E. Tkachev
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic

Coxiella burnetii is the causative agent of Q fever (coxiellosis), which, in addition to acute manifestations, often occurs in a latent form, is prone to chronic course and, in the absence of antibiotic therapy, has a high risk of disability or death. As a result of the presence of a wide range of clinical manifestations specific to other infectious diseases, the use of laboratory test methods (LTM) is required to make a diagnosis. The presence of Q fever anthropurgic foci in the Novosibirsk region was described in the 90s of the last century, but due attention to its laboratory diagnostics is not paid in this region. The aim of the study was to identify genetic and serological markers of the causative agent, C. burnetii, in patients of the Novosibirsk region who were admitted for treatment with fever with suspected tick-borne infections (TBIs). DNA marker of the causative agent of Q fever was detected in blood samples by real time PCR in 9 out of 325 patients. In three patients, the presence of C. burnetii DNA was confirmed by sequencing of the IS1111 and htpB gene fragments. In ELISA tests, antibodies against the causative agent of coxiellosis were detected in the blood sera of 4 patients with positive results of PCR analysis. Contact with tick was registered in 7 out of 9 patients who had C. burnetii DNA and lacked markers of other TBIs. Six people were infected in the Novosibirsk region, two suffered from tick’s bite in Altai, and one case was from the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Thus, a complex approach using both PCR analysis and ELISA provided the identification of markers of the Q fever causative agent in patients admitted with suspected TBIs, thereby differentiating it from other infections. Contact with ticks in most cases suggests that infection with C. burnetii had a transmissible pathway.

Hypochloraemia is associated with 28-day mortality in patients with septic shock: a retrospective analysis of a multicentre prospective registry

2020 ◽  
pp. emermed-2019-209239
Author(s):  
Min Sung Lee ◽  
Tae Gun Shin ◽  
Won Young Kim ◽  
You Hwan Jo ◽  
Yoon Jung Hwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Failure Assessment ◽  
The Republic

ObjectivesHyperchloraemia is associated with poor clinical outcomes in sepsis patients; however, this association is not well studied for hypochloraemia. We investigated the prevalence of chloride imbalance and the association between hypochloraemia and 28-day mortality in ED patients with septic shock.MethodsA retrospective analysis of data from 11 multicentre EDs in the Republic of Korea prospectively collected from October 2015 to April 2018 was performed. Initial chloride levels were categorised as hypochloraemia, normochloraemia and hyperchloraemia, according to sodium chloride difference adjusted criteria. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. A multivariate logistic regression model adjusting for age, sex, comorbidities, acid-base state, sepsis-related organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, lactate and albumin level was used to test the association between the three chloride categories and 28-day mortality.ResultsAmong 2037 enrolled patients, 394 (19.3%), 1582 (77.7%) and 61 (3.0%) patients had hypochloraemia, normochloraemia and hyperchloraemia, respectively. The unadjusted 28-day mortality rate in patients with hypochloraemia was 27.4% (95% CI, 23.1% to 32.1%), which was higher than in patients with normochloraemia (19.7%; 95% CI, 17.8% to 21.8%). Hypochloraemia was associated with an increase in the risk of 28-day mortality (adjusted OR (aOR), 1.36, 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.83) after adjusting for confounders. However, hyperchloraemia was not associated with 28-day mortality (aOR 1.35, 95% CI, 0.82 to 2.24).ConclusionHypochloraemia was more frequently observed than hyperchloraemia in ED patients with septic shock and it was associated with 28-day mortality.

Database of patients with sarcoidosis of the Republic of Tatarstan: a retrospective analysis for 50 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 291-298
Author(s):  
A. A. Vizel ◽  
G. R. Shakirova ◽  
I. Yu. Vizel ◽  
E. Z. Kudryavtseva ◽  
A. S. Burchagina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals Anthrax in the East Kazakhstan Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Lukhnova ◽  
T. K. Erubaev ◽  
U. A. Izbanova ◽  
T. V. Meka-Mechenko ◽  
E. B. Sansyzbaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Relative Incidence ◽  
East Kazakhstan ◽  
The Republic

Almost every year in Kazakhstan, cases of diseases of animals and people with anthrax are recorded. The incidence rate of people with anthrax in the period from 2000 to 2018 ranged from 0.01 to 0.24 per 100 thousand people. In the territory of the East Kazakhstan region, the incidence rate is higher than in the republic.Objective: a retrospective analysis of anthrax outbreaks in the East Kazakhstan region from 2000 to 2018.Methods: a retrospective analysis using statistical, cadastral data, archival funds, the results of participation in the investigation of outbreaks of infection.Results. Since 1938, cases of animal and human disease of anthrax have been recorded in East Kazakhstan. Infection of humans occurs during the slaughter of animals. In Zharma, Urjar, and Ayagozskiy areas most of all are anthrax foci of soil. In 67 % of cases, outbreaks of anthrax were recorded in these areas.Conclusion. The relative incidence rate of anthrax in people in East Kazakhstan is from 0.07 to 0.27, since 2001 it is higher than the republican indicator.In the East Kazakhstan region from 1997 to 2018, 37 people fell ill with anthrax. The form of the disease is skin, in 8.1 % secondary sepsis. In the remaining patients, the diseases were mild (70.3 %), ended in recovery. The source of human infection is mainly cattle. The isolated strains of B. anthracis have typical properties, they are included in cluster A1a, A3b (MLVA-8). The strains isolated in 2016 are similar to the strains isolated in the Almaty region (MLVA-25). Grouped with a number of European, Asian and African strains from France, Germany, Italy, Tajikistan, Pakistan, Korea and Namibia. The presence of a significant number of soil foci of anthrax in the territory of the East Kazakhstan region, not fully the implementation of veterinary and sanitary preventive measures leads to an exacerbation of the situation for anthrax. 

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