scholarly journals Risk assessment the potential occurrence of anthrax outbreaks in the Republic of Tatarstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 883-889
Author(s):  
Kh N Makaev ◽  
S V Ivanova ◽  
L A Melnikova ◽  
G Kh Murtazina ◽  
A N Garaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Infected Animal ◽  
Inventory Data ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Focus Of Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

Aim. To assess the risks of potential anthrax outbreaks based on a retrospective analysis of the epizootic situation for this infection and inventory data on the number of stationary anthrax-unfavorable sites in the Russian Federation using the case of the Republic of Tatarstan. Methods. A retrospective analysis of data on animals with anthrax in the Republic of Tatarstan and the inventory of permanently unfavorable sites for this infection in the Russian Federation was carried out by using veterinary reporting documents for the period between 1914 and 2018. The epizooticity index of anthrax-unfavorable sites was determined by the formula: EI=(nt)/(NT), and the effectiveness of specific prevention of the infection was determined according to the guidelines. Analyzes were carried out using statistical methods. Results. The analysis of the results of the conducted studies showed that between 1914 and 2018, 2037 group and single animals infected with anthrax on the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan, 1208 stationary unfavorable sites for this infection were registered. When assessing the risks of the potential occurrence of anthrax among animals of the Republic of Tatarstan, it was found that 69.8% of the territory of the republic (every third settlement) is permanently unfavorable for anthrax and has serious risks of a possible re-infection of animals with this infection, therefore all livestock of animals once a year vaccinated against anthrax. A study of more than 11,000 blood serum samples of animals vaccinated against anthrax according to this scheme revealed that the titer of anti-anthrax antibodies decreases 1:2 and 1:4 below the level that protecting the animal from infection with the causative agent of this infection in 20% of animals after 6 months, and in 60% after 12 months after vaccination. This creates high risks of anthrax in animals and people in disadvantaged areas since the anthrax pathogen is transmitted from an infected animal to a person by mistaken autopsy of dead animals or the processing of carcasses of animals, hidden carriers of the anthrax pathogen. With this in mind, in regions with high risks of anthrax, it was confirmed the need for introducing two vaccinations per year into the prevention scheme of this infection in animals and monitor the post-vaccination immunological status, which will allow them to maintain high immunity throughout the year and promptly eliminate the focus of infection. Conclusion. It was found that 69.8% of the territory of the Republic of Tatarstan (every third settlement) is permanently unfavorable for anthrax and has high risks of anthrax outbreaks in animals; it was shown the need for complex anti-anthrax measures, including two-time vaccination of animals during the year, to reduce the risks of infection of animals and the population with the causative agent of this infection.

Retrospective analysis of epizootic situation in sheep pox and goat pox

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Oleg Yu. Chernykh ◽  
◽  
Aleksey V. Mishchenko ◽  
Vladimir A. Mishchenko ◽  
Anton K. Karaulov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

Sheep pox and goat pox are highly contagious transboundary diseases of sheep and goats caused by viruses belonging to the genus Capripoxvirus of the Poxviridae. These infections of goats are subject to mandatory notification to the OIE. Diseases cause great economic damage to sheep and goat breeding, due to the death and forced slaughter of sick animals, a decrease in productivity, the cost of conducting veterinary and sanitary, security and quarantine measures. It should also be noted social significance, since often diseased animals are the only means of subsistence for the owners. The authors carried out a retrospective analysis of the epizootic situation of sheep pox and goat pox in the Russian Federation and Mongolia. Epizootic characteristics were assessed using the OIE databases. Materials obtained by the authors during business trips, as well as information published in scientific articles were used in analyzing the data. Smallpox of sheep and goat in the Russian Federation appear as sporadic cases and mainly in the regions of the Far Eastern and Siberian federal districts, bordering with China and Mongolia. The data of the phylogenetic analysis of the causative agent that caused the outbreaks of the disease in Transbaikalia served as the basis for the conclusion that the virus was introduced from China. The results of surveys of foci of sheep pox in the Republic of Dagestan and the Republic of Kalmykia suggest the probable introduction of the pathogen from the regions of Kazakhstan that were previously unsuccessful for sheep pox. Mainly sheep pox was recorded in the Russian Federation during the analyzed period. Isolated cases of goat pox are 22 explained by the small population of these animals. Smallpox of sheep and goats are constantly reported in Central Asian countries. For the constituent entities of the North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts, the border countries endemic for sheep pox pose a great threat.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATION OF OPHTHALMOLOGICAL CARE FOR THE CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY IN THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-218
Author(s):  
E. Yu Birkun ◽  
S. A Sorokina ◽  
T. A Berezovskaya ◽  
E. I Saidasheva
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Retinopathy Of Prematurity ◽  
Clinical Hospital ◽  
Diagnostic Instruments ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Instruments And Techniques ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

Aim. The objective of the present study was to identify the main stages of the organization and the results of the ophthalmological care for the children presenting with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in the Republic of Crimea. Material and methods. This retrospective analysis of the results of ophthalmological screening of 2105 prematurely born children, monitoring of 281 children with the early stages of ROP, the laser-assisted treatment of 64 babies undergoing the progression of the disease to its threshold stages and the follow up of the children with ROP in the Crimea during the period from 1999 to 2016 years. All the above patients were nursed and treated in the clinical hospital over the territory of the Crimea and in the perinatal centre of Simferopol. Results. ROP was diagnosed in 281 (26%) of the 2105 prematurely born children. The progression of the disease to the threshold stage was documented in 64 (22.8%) patients within 1 to 12 (mean 3-4) weeks after the identification of the initial stages of active ROP. ROP of the posterior aggressive type developed in 15 children. The duly-timed laser-assisted treatment permitted to prevent the appearance of blindness among the prematurely born children attributable to retinopathy of prematurity. As a results of the implementation of the program for the modernization of the ophthalmological care for the retinopathy of prematurity in the Republic of Crimea it is currently organized and provided in conformity with the relevant normative acts of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The ophthalmological Department of the Republic of Crimea Children’s Clinical Hospital is equipped with the necessary modern medical and diagnostic instruments and techniques; training of the Crimean ophthalmologists in retinopathy of prematurity and laser-assisted treatment of active retinopathy of prematurity.

The right to life: A comparative analysis of the relevant norms of the Constitutions of the Republic of Azerbaijan and Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Death Penalty ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Right To Life ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The relevance of the work is determined by the fact that the right to life belongs to the basic constitutional human rights, therefore, its observance and protection is the duty of the state. Despite its undeniable importance, today the right to life anywhere in the world is not really ensured in sufficient quantities. The constitutional consolidation of the right to life raises a number of issues related to the concept, nature, legislative and practical implementation of this right. It should be noted that various aspects of the human right to life were considered in the scientific works of G.B. Romanovsky, O.G. Selikhova, T.M. Fomichenko, A.B. Borisova, V.A. Ershov and other Russian authors. The aim of the study is to study and comparative analysis of the legal content of the constitutional norm that defines the right to life, to comprehend and identify possible problems of the implementation of this right. To achieve this goal, this article discusses relevant issues of ensuring the right to life, proclaimed by Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and Article 27 of the Constitution of Azerbaijan Republic. The results of a comparative analysis of these constitutional norms and the relevant norms of industry law allow us to determine, that there is no contradiction between Article 20 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the norms of the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, which imply the death penalty as an exceptional measure of punishment, because a moratorium has been imposed on the death penalty in the Russian Federation since April 16, 1997. However, after the abolition of the death penalty in the criminal legislation of the Republic of Azerbaijan in 1998, there was a discrepancy between parts II and III of Article 27 of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the criminal legislation of Azerbaijan Republic that requires the introduction of the necessary changes in the content of the analyzed constitutional norm. The value of the work is determined by the fact that the introduction of appropriate changes will contribute to the further improvement of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan and the effective implementation of the right to life of everyone.

Dynamic monitoring of changes in medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) from 1998 to 2018

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Birth Rate ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

We studied the medical and demographic indicators in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for the last 20 years (1998–2018). A decrease in the population by 4,7 % (р<0,01) was revealed in the Russian Federation in the period 1998–2008, 3,4 % decrease, followed by its growth by 2,8 % (р<0,01); a decrease in the number of rural population in the republic and an increase in the urban population were observed. By the beginning of 2019, in comparison with the 2003 data, an increase in the population by 1.9% (р<0,01), a decrease in the number of able-bodied people in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) at the beginning of 2019, as compared to 1998, were revealed, by 8,2 %, in the Russian Federation – by 4,7 % (р<0,01). In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) the birth rate remains high, the mortality rate is relatively low, and the natural population growth is maintained.

PROBLEMS OF THE FORMATION OF REVENUES OF REGIONAL BUDGETS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
B. Kh. ALIYEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Budget Planning ◽  
Budgetary Policy ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Regional Budgets

In the Russian Federation, the problem of budget planning becomes especially relevant when the pace of economic development slows down. The article examines the features of the formation of regional budgets, using the example of the budget of the Republic of Dagestan. The analysis of incomes to the budget is carried out. The role of regional taxes in the formation of budget revenues of the Republic of Dagestan is revealed. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the budgetary policy of the regions at the present stage of development of the Russian economies does not contribute to a further increase in the rates of economic growth. The article offers recommendations for improving the regional budgetary policy of the Russian Federation and increasing the responsibility of regional authorities.

BASIC ASPECTS OF THE FISCAL POLICY OF THE STATE IN THE SUBJECT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
B. Kh. ALIYEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Economic Management ◽  
Financial Flows ◽  
Constituent Entity ◽  
Current State ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The article examines the current state of the fiscal policy of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, which is a combination of diverse economic management measures based on the distribution and redistribution of financial flows. The analysis of fiscal policy on the example of the subject of the Russian Federation (Republic of Dagestan). The article outlines the problematic issues of the tax policy of the Republic of Dagestan and suggests ways to overcome the identified problems.

THE PROBLEMS OF CRIMINAL LAW PROTECTION OF THE OIL INDUSTRY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Сергей Иванович Вележев ◽  
Антон Михайлович Седогин
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Illegal Activities ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Criminal Groups

В статье рассмотрены актуальные вопросы уголовно-правовой охраны нефтяной отрасли Российской Федерации от преступных посягательств корыстной направленности. Иллюстрирован существенный ущерб, причиняемый преступными группами охраняемым общественным отношениям на национальном и международном уровнях. Проведен статистический и сравнительно-правовой анализ наиболее эффективных норм законодательства России и Казахстана, применяемых в ходе борьбы с подобной противоправной деятельностью. Предложено направление дальнейшего совершенствования российского уголовного закона. Нефтяная промышленность является одной из ведущих отраслей Российской Федерации, структурными сегментами которой являются в том числе объекты добычи, хранения, переработки и транспортировки нефти, а также объекты транспортировки, хранения и сбыта нефтепродуктов. Данные обстоятельства требуют принятия мер по ее защите от противоправных действий по хищению нефти и нефтепродуктов. Наряду с охранными, режимными и организационными мерами, которые осуществляют хозяйствующие субъекты, немаловажное значение имеет защита отрасли от преступных посягательств уголовно-правовым способом. В статье указывается необходимость совершенствования законодательства по обеспечению безопасности деятельности нефтяной отрасли, учитывая ее значение для экономики страны. Отмечается, что положительные результаты в поиске возможных путей совершенствования законодательства дает применение сравнительно-правового анализа уголовных норм СНГ по борьбе с преступностью в этой сфере деятельности. The article examines current issues of the criminal law protection of the oil industry of the Russian Federation from criminal attacks for mercenary reasons. The considerable damage caused by criminal groups to protected public relations at the national and international levels is illustrated. A statistical and comparative legal analysis of the most effective norms of the legislation of Russia and the Republic of Kazakhstan applied in the fight against such illegal activities has been carried out. The direction of further improvement of the Russian criminal law is proposed. The oil industry is one of the leading industries of the Russian Federation, the structural segments of that are the objects of oil production, storage, refining and transportation, as well as the objects of transportation, storage and marketing of oil product. Under these circumstances it is required totake measures for protection it from unlawful actions connected with stealing of oil and oil products. Along with security, safeguards and organizational measures that are implemented by business entities, protection of the industry from criminal attacks by a criminal law method is of no small importance. The article indicates the need to improve legislation to ensure the safety of the oil industry, based on its importance for the country's economy. It is noted that positive results in the search for possible ways to improve the legislation are provided by the use of a comparative legal analysis of the criminal norms of the CIS in the fight against crime in this area of activity.

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