EDUCATIONAL AND REALISTIC PERIOD OF AZERBAIJANI CHILDREN'S LITERATURE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.G. Rasulova
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Unanimous Opinion ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Theoretical View ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article first speaks about the historical period in which children's literature was created in Azerbaijan and the reasons for this development. It is shown that Azerbaijan's children's literature was created in the second half of the 19th century. After die inclusion of North Azerbaijan into die Russian Empire, die findings of die social-political, literary-cultural, pedagogical, European-style school and educational movement as well as the enlightenment-realist thinking can he considered as factors contributing to the formation of national children's literature. Generally, die second half of die 19di century and die beginning of die 20di century are characterized as die period of development and initial development of Azerbaijani children’s literature. There is no unanimous opinion about the history of national children's literature in the Azerbaijani Literature. The history of these different ideas dates back to the beginning of the 20th century and lasted until recently. There are various savings related to this important problem. Such ideas and beliefs were based on ignoring the characteristics of children's literature. Unfortunately, these conclusions have also been found in programs and textbooks related to Azerbaijani children's literature. The article considers the existing judgments and conclusions in the Azerbaijani literary-theoretical view. They express their attitude towards these considerations and opinions. At the same time, a certain historical period in which Azerbaijani children's literature was created. Facts prove that Azerbaijani children's literature was created in 70-80s of the XIX century, as an independent branch of literature. We must accept S. A. Shirvani as his first representative and founder of our children's literature.

THE LITERATURE GROUP „ZEWONIA” HISTORY AND FOLKLORE

2019 ◽  
pp. 424-427
Author(s):  
Hanna Szurmińska
Keyword(s):  
Folk Songs ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Romantic Era ◽  
Main Motive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Literature Group ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
History Of Literature ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First Contact

The article analyses the group of writers «Ziewonia», in the work and activities of which Slavophile ideas have strengthened through cycles of translations, songs and dumas. It reveals interest in the culture of the Slavic people in the 30s of the 19th century. It analyses the idea of national identity and ethnic culture using a differentiated approach to the phe- nomena of literary folklore, which becomes the main motive of «Ziewonia». The level of Ziewonia’s comprehension in Polish science is not significant yet but still to be more learned than in Ukrai- nian science. The article is said about the first period of the XIX century which is characterized by emergence of artistic achievements as exemplified by the interaction of intercultural literature. The Romantic era encouraged the first contact and special activity of folk Ukrainians interested by young Polish writers who are called in the Polish history of literature «Ziewonia». The main representatives were Augustin Bielovsky (the critic and translator, the employee of the Ossolineum institution), Josef and Alexander (Leshek) Dunin-Borkovsky (writers and critics), Lucian Semensky (the poet and novel- ist), Kazimiezh Vladislav Wojcicky (collector of folk songs) and Ludvik Jablonsky (also the critic of Ukrainian literature), finally the Ukrainian writers called the «Russian Trinity», the organization which united enthusiastic researchers of Ukrainian folklore. It is found out that main activities of this Slavophil group were translation and popularization of literature merits. They gave exemplary translations of important Slavic works such as: «Krolodworsky Manuscript», «Zielona Gora Manuscript», selected sonnets from «The daughters of Kollar’s fame», the significant number of Serbian folk songs, many Ukrainian poems and «The Tale of Igor’s Campaign». Folk society and folk songs were glorified and stylized. The key findings of the research prove that deep and intensive relationships between different literacy circles (Ukrainian and Polish) collaborated the future mutual writer’s group for the next historical period.

Cultural and Social Inclusion Efforts – A Significant Aspect of Early Lithuanian Children’s Literature

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-68
Author(s):  
Džiuljeta Maskuliūniene ◽  
◽  
Bronius Maskuliūnas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inclusive Society ◽  
The 19Th Century

Children’s literature is an important part of national culture. Its mission has always been to help mature a young person, to form valuable foundations of personality. The aim of the article is to reveal the work of early Lithuanian children’s literature, especially of the 19th century, playing an important role in the life of society, i. e. playing the role of a mechanism of cultural and social inclusion, changing society and human mentality. It is necessary to emphasise that the field of children’s literature discussed here also includes early Lithuanian writing, which cannot be directly considered children’s literature, but it undoubtedly integrated the care for children (in the form of catechisms, elementary publishing, etc.). What functions of cultural and social inclusion did the texts intended for children (or also for children) perform, and what impact did they have? Methods used: sociology of literature, cultural analysis, interpretation of the text. The phenomenon of inclusion is an important aspect of Lithuanian children’s literature and culture. This is also testified by the history of Lithuanian books for children and works of particular writers. It is significant that in the cultural situation of the 19th century, children’s literature contributed to overcoming children’s illiteracy and helped create and unite the readership community in the making. Children (and often youth) were getting used to the book, a completely new form of communication for them. Little by little, people became aware of the importance of reading, writing, and education in general. Some texts of educational type have been left by Lithuanian writers of the 18th–19th centuries, and their traditions were continued by the creators of the early 20th century, portraying the fate of the book smuggler, the wish of a country child to learn, the authority of a published book, and other similar aspects. The book and the ability to read decrease seclusion, include the child and the youth into community life, and open wider horizons for thinking. Different aspects of inclusion (and there are more of them than mentioned in this paper) can also be found in modern children’s literature. A book and literature dedicated to the child or young person help to survive social seclusion, isolation and show the ways and means of overcoming them. Finally, children’s literature adjusts to the social environment, participates in society modelling, change, and establishes itself as an integral part of an inclusive society. Today children’s literature is perceived as an integral part of an inclusive society.

scholarly journals The first Serbian children's book collections: Contribution to the history of children's literature

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-71
Author(s):  
Mara Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Children's Book ◽  
History Of ◽  
Book Collections ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Novi Sad ◽  
Law Student ◽  
The 19Th Century

The first Serbian children's book collections were published in the second half of the 19th century by Stevan V. Popovic in Pest. As a highschool and law student, Popovic stayed in Tekelijanum, in the Institute for Accommodation of Serbian Students. In 1872, he was the first in Serbian children's literature to prepare a collection Wreath of Poems and founded The Litlle World library. He published the following book collections: Images and Opportunities (Pest, 1872), Christmas Gift (Novi Sad, 1872), Radovan's Gift (1876), Christmas (1876), Day and Night (1877), Marigold Flowers (1877), Rest Days (1878), Children's Rejoicing (1878), Serbian Reciter (1879), Basil (1880), Little Gusle (1881), Little World (1882), Radovan (1883), Polaznik (1886), Badnjak (1891), Pearl Flowers (1905), Great Serbian Reciter. Stevan V. Popovic was appointed as manager of Tekelijanum in 1882. He dedicated his whole life to spreading Serbian education and educating the youth. The first Serbian children's book collections have not been included in the educational system of the Republic of Serbia so far, which interrupted the studing of Serbian literature for children.

A Confrontation between Two Doctrines: The Birth of Struggle for Hegemony in Hebrew Children's Literature during the 1930s and 1940s

2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
YAEL DARR
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Single Channel ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
The Political ◽  
Literary Creation ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time ◽  
Literary Quality

This article describes a crucial and fundamental stage in the transformation of Hebrew children's literature, during the late 1930s and 1940s, from a single channel of expression to a multi-layered polyphony of models and voices. It claims that for the first time in the history of Hebrew children's literature there took place a doctrinal confrontation between two groups of taste-makers. The article outlines the pedagogical and ideological designs of traditionalist Zionist educators, and suggests how these were challenged by a group of prominent writers of adult poetry, members of the Modernist movement. These writers, it is argued, advocated autonomous literary creation, and insisted on a high level of literary quality. Their intervention not only dramatically changed the repertoire of Hebrew children's literature, but also the rules of literary discourse. The article suggests that, through the Modernists’ polemical efforts, Hebrew children's literature was able to free itself from its position as an apparatus controlled by the political-educational system and to become a dynamic and multi-layered field.

GENRE OF AUTOBIOGRAPHICAL NOVEL IN THE OSSETIAN CHILDREN’S LITERATURE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.Б. Бритаева
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Xxth Century ◽  
The Family ◽  
Moral Aspect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War

В представленной статье на материале произведений Музафера Дзасохова известного современного осетинского писателя, поэта, публициста, переводчика, рассматриваются художественные особенности лирической прозы, а именно, автобиографической повести в осетинской детской литературе. Повесть Весенние звезды (1973) и ее продолжение На берегу Уршдона Барагун (1981) стали началом эпопеи о жизни отдельно взятой семьи, а на их примере всей страны в тяжелые послевоенные годы. В качестве одной из важнейших констант художественного мира писателя рассматривается образ детства. В ходе анализа особое внимание уделяется преобладанию нравственного аспекта, актуализации проблемы регулятивно-воспитательной функции национального этикета, ценностно-нормативных ориентиров осетинской ментальности. С опорой на биографический и историко-генетический методы, основное внимание в исследовании акцентируется на темах послевоенного детства, роли семьи и общества в формировании нравственных ориентиров, в становлении личности, образе матери, теме памяти, а также на художественном осмыслении этих проблем и тем в автобиографических повестях писателя. Типологически воплощение детской темы в творчестве М. Дзасохова во многом опирается на традицию изображения детства в русской автобиографической прозе XX в. В заключительной части сформулированы выводы, отражающие особенности лирической прозы в творчестве М. Дзасохова, обозначено место автобиографических повестей автора в контексте осетинской детской литературы второй половины XX века.Актуальность и научная новизна работы обусловлены недостаточной исследованностью истории и проблем осетинской детской литературы. Результаты исследования могут быть использованы при написании истории осетинской детской литературы. The present article examines the artistic features of lyrical prose, namely, autobiographical story in the Ossetian childrens literature in the works of Muzafer Dzasokhov, a well-known modern Ossetian writer, poet, publicist, translator. The story Spring Stars (1973) and its continuation - On the Bank of Ursdon Baragun ... (1981) marked the beginning of an epic about the life of a family, and via their fates the author shows life of the whole country in the difficult post-war years. The theme of childhood is considered as one of the most important constants of the writers artistic world. In the course of the analysis, special attention is paid to the predominance of the moral aspect, the actualization of the problem of the regulatory and educational function of national etiquette, the value and normative guidelines of the Ossetian mentality. The focus of the study is based on biographical and historical-genetic methods and highlights the themes of post-war childhood, the role of the family and society in the formation of moral guidelines, in the formation of personality, the image of the mother, the theme of memory, as well as on the artistic understanding of these problems and topics in autobiographical novels of the writer. Typologically, the embodiment of the childrens theme in the works of M. Dzasokhov is largely based on the tradition of depicting childhood in Russian autobiographical prose of the XXth century. The formulated conclusions in the final part reflect the peculiarities of lyrical prose in the works of M. Dzasokhov, the place of the authors autobiographical stories is indicated in the context of Ossetian childrens literature of the second half of the XXth century. The relevance and scientific novelty of the work are due to insufficient research on the history and problems of Ossetian childrens literature. The results of the study can be used in writing the history of Ossetian childrens literature.

The challenges of the primary teachers in the XIX century: from the materials needed to teach classes to the payment of the salaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Silveira Amorim
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Primary Teachers ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Primary Teacher ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Qualified Teacher ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

Different aspects impacted the work of primary school teachers in the 19th century: the lack of materials for the teaching of classes, the delay in paying salaries and the release of resources to pay the rent of the houses where the classes worked, the health issues that implied the removal of the teacher for treatment, among others. Given this context, the objective is to inform how the teaching profession was configured based on the challenges faced by primary teachers in the 19th century. As a research in the field of History of Education, newspapers and official communications will be taken as sources, being analyzed from the conceptions of configuration and representation. It is possible to perceive that the profession of primary teacher was configured in the face of challenges and confrontations, corroborating the construction of the representation of the qualified teacher in the 19th century.

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