Ilija Čvorović: 'Everything is the opposite of what it looks like'

We focus here on the paranoid disorder of the protagonist of Dušan Kovačević's drama Balkan's spy. Although all literary critiques mention hero's paranoia, regularly and by default, this feature hasn't been deeply considered anywhere. Paranoia is, however, not only hero's conspicuous and central characteristic, but also a phenomenon by virtue of our revealing the deep semantic layers of Kovačević's drama. We show here how much the paranoid phenomenon contributes to tragycomedy, which was the literary concept Kovačević had in mind while he was creating the play. Beneath the series of comical situations, which Ilija causes by his behavior and interpretations, there is a tragedy of small man in totalitarian system, the man who was a victim, but who transformed into an abuser. Perceiving the psychological literature of the paranoid disorder, we are proving how extraordinary deeply Kovačević conceived his hero and by means of him, he gave a powerful critique of Tito's Yougoslavia.

Travelling as inspiration in literature and teaching: Methodic approach to travel-related texts by Vida Ognjenović and Isidora Sekulić at middle-school level

This paper is instigated by the initial theoretical interpretation of literary work by Isidora Sekulić and Vida Ognjenović and it establishes and describes their methodic interpretation within the concept of project schoolwork, thematically framed by the issues of journey, travelling and travelogue. The literary project is based on teaching the texts included in the official curriculum ("Journey to the travelogue" by V. Ognjenović, "Storms" by I. Sekulić) and expanded by introduction of literary works close in topic and genre but not included in the official curriculum ("Letters from Norway" by I. Sekulić, "Travelling is an existential problem", "Light on water" by V. Marković). The goal of the presented concept is to overcome the recorded weak spots of curricular representation of Isidora Sekulić's work and the overall genre of travelogue in middle-school grade levels through methodical intervention, as well as to motivate the students to read and understand this type of text, as part of character education that would create open mind toward the experiences of travelling and coming into contact with the other.

Features of the social situation of first-grader development in the context of humanistic education

The article presents a scientific analysis of the problems of the social situation of the development of students in the context of the humanistic education paradigm, characterizes the features of the social situation of the development of a first grader in the context of humanistic education. During the study, the authors carried out a theoretical analysis of the literature on the research problem, which allowed to identify: age and psychological characteristics of the social situation of the development of a first grader; the main directions of diagnosing the features of the social situation of the development of first-grade students. The results obtained contribute to the creation of an effective social situation for the development of a first-grader within the framework of the organization of the educational process in the humanistic education paradigm.

Lack of ideas about quantity and methods to deal with quantity as a risk factor for dyscalculia in children

The article substantiates the need for early detection in children of a disorder of arithmetic skills (dyscalculia). Specific risk factors for the occurrence of dyscalculia are considered, presents results of a study of the characteristics of ideas about the number and methods of action with the number in the prenumeric activity of pupils with learning difficulties.

Facilitation of social interaction in the prevention of deviant behavior of primary school children

The article deals with the issues of prevention of deviant behavior of primary school children by means of facilitating social interaction from the point of view of psychosocial dissonance. Defined concepts: "facilitation of social interaction" (assistance in establishing effective social contacts)," psychosocial dissonance" (mismatch of representations of the subjects of interaction, mental stress with an exit to either destruction or development). The results of theoretical research of psychological causes, factors of occurrence, forms of deviant behavior are presented. The article describes the obtained empirical data on the use of behavior strategies in conflict situations by dissonant and conformal primary school students. The positive role of the primary school teacher as a facilitator of social interaction for a risk group is described. Recommendations are given for translating children's destructive energy into creative energy and their personal identification.

Sociological approach to the understanding of orthodox religious teaching in the first cycle of primary education

In this paper, throught the analysis of Ortodox religious education, in the curricula for the first cycle of primary education in the Republic of Serbia, explore cycle values that are directed to students to teach, accept and incorporate them into ther behavior. This research is conducted from a sociological theoretical and methodological point of wiew, according to whitch, through the study of religion, certain social phenomena and processes are known. To that end, this paper presents the basic theoretical determinations of Othodoxy in sociology, points out the process of returning religious education in Serbi and analyzes the current curricula of Orthodox religious education from the first to the fourth grade of primary school. This is about Orthodox Christianity of the Serbian style and experience, founded in the part of Saint Sava, known as Svetosavlje. In the function of this paper, an analytical descriptive method was applied, in order to identify and describe teaching contents from Orthodox religious teching, and then to determine their coherence with other teaching contents and the ruling system of social values in the Republic of Serbia. The basic starting point in these considerations is that the religious values of Orthodoxy are contained in the curricula for the first cycle of primary education characterized by traditional culture and morals. They affect: the development of awareness of belonging to the Orthodox faith, Serbian tradition and nation; on the development of religious tolerance among people and towards other confessional communities, as well as on the acquisition of religious culture among students.

Correlation between optimism-pessimism in adolescents

The paper strives to indicate the constructs that are conducive to the development of optimism-pessimism in adolescents, by presenting the research on optimism-pessimism conducted on a sample of adolescents from Kosovo and Metohija. After an insight into the findings of the research presented (which were conducted from 2017 to 2019) on the sample of more than 700 adolescents aged between 18 and 29, it was found that the correlation of optimism comprises the following: adolescents' personality traits, interpersonal orientation, experience of beauty of the human face, hope, satisfaction with life and well-being. Conclusions drawn from the research will enable the conception and organization of further research. Involving other variables, such as the context of upbringing, family relations, relationship with peers, in research to be conducted in the future is necessary for the examination of their contribution to the development of optimism-pessimism, bearing in mind the major significance optimism has for adolescents' mental health.

Approach of the didactcians to the use of teaching methods

Every scientific field in order to fulfill the tasks required develops its specific methods. This rule applies to the educational work as well. Apart from the scientific method, there are also teaching methods in the educational work. This paper deals with the latter ones. They will be observed via the didactcians opinions expressed in the textbooks, primarily in Serbia. As teaching itself presents a highly organized (complex) activity with a clear aim, it means that it has to have a number of ways and procedures applied in order to achieve their goals. The aim determines the nature of the activity to be performed. This method should give an answer how desired aims can be achieved. During its development didacticians paid a special attention to this issue. A number of specialists in didactics made efforts to find one or more appropriate teaching methods. Discussions on their number and efficiency have lasted up to this day with no accordance in the opinions achieved, yet. Considering the fact that the social circumstances during which the process of education takes place, it is logical that the teaching methods have to be adapted in accordance to the changes. That is why their value is always under observation and evaluation. It is necessary to know all the advantages and disadvantages of each of them so that they could be successfully combined in order to highly motivate each pupil to experience studying as pleasure not as a burden.

Anthropological linguistics research of Kosovo and Metohija's IDPS: Life in refugee camp

The article presents the results of field research of displaced persons from Kosovo and Metohija conducted in the period 2001-2012 in collective centers and private accommodation in Serbia archived in the Digital Archive of the Balkan Institute of SANU and their possible application for further research of oral history. On the example of the analysis of excerpts from conversations held in a collective center in Kraljevo in 2012 with a focus on exodus and later life in the collective center, from the point of view of memory culture and trauma studies, creation of an online archive of oral history of displaced persons from Kosovo and Metohija is proposed.

Student as an active participant in knowledge and interpretation of Christian art literary texts

In this work, theoretical considerations on cognition and interpretation of literary and artistic text are presented. Starting from the general principles of teaching, to present students with knowledge from certain sciences in a systematic, gradual and economical way, the methodology takes on a role in the specifics of science transfer. With that aim, we want to point out the pecularities of students' activities in the process of learning and interpreting literary and aristic texts, where we exclusively think and point to younger students. Also, with this work we point out the approach of the teacher in interpretation, his or her ability and creativity to enable children a real experience of literary and artistic text.