scholarly journals STREET CRIME IN UKRAINE: CURRENT SITUATION AND WAYS TO OVERCOME

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4(68)) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
R. Basenko ◽  
V. Kovalenko ◽  
H. Avanesyan
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Street Crime ◽  
Open Part ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Criminal Offenses

Issues of street crime are considered. It has been established that street crime is a kind of illegal social practice and is a mass destructive phenomenon. It is manifested in the commission of homogeneous socially dangerous criminally punishable acts in the free and open part of the settlement. It has been proved that the manifestations of street crime are such types of intentional criminal offenses as: murder, bodily injury, beatings and murders, rape, theft, robbery, burglary, fraud.

scholarly journals Robberies and Some Features of the Methodology of Investigating Robberies

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Duraković Adnan
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Criminal Investigation ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Sense Of Security ◽  
Criminal Control ◽  
Technical Measures ◽  
Strategic Goal

Robberies are crimes that particularly negatively and significantly affect the subjective sense of security (but also objective) in society. Special significance of robberies is that they are often on the edge of murder or serious bodily injury. From the criminal law and criminal investigation point of view, robberies range from the so-called "simple" cases in terms of their discovery and clarification to the very serious armed raid on individuals, money transport, legal persons such as banks and other monetary institutions. The suppression of property crimes, especially the part which includes delicts that are carried out using coercion (force and / or threat) like robberies, can be successfully carried out by methods that could be called criminalistic methods. These methods represent a kind of criminalistic engineering - criminal investigation engineering. Criminalistic engineering is all about adjusting criminal investigation tactics, forensic and legal actions and measures to special features of criminal offenses. When carrying out criminal investigation, authorized police officers must constantly take care of the so-called operational criminalistic strategy that rises above the tactical processing of a particular criminal offense, and is aimed at the creation and implementation of a complex of operational-tactical and technical measures and actions with the strategic goal of combating criminality as a whole. This is reflected in the organizational structure of the police and also in the way of criminal control which implies permanent, continuous and systematic penetration and supervision of the so-called the "dark belt" of crime.

scholarly journals Problems of Defining the Category «Countering Crime» in Modern Criminology

2020 ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Marina MOROZ
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
State Power ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Logical Approach ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Scientific Dialogue ◽  
Definition Of

The article is devoted to the analysis of the criminological concept of «countering crime». The difficulties of unification of such a concept in both Ukrainian and foreign criminology are pointed out. It is noted that the current situation regarding the unification of the concept of «countering crime», complicates the scientific dialogue about development of effective counteraction mechanisms of crime. In order to establish the main criteria this can help in clarifying the essence of the term of «countering crime», a review of the main scientific views on the concept of countering crime in the works of both Ukrainian and foreign authors, as well as scientists who studied issues of countering crime and related phenomena. It is established that different authors take different approaches in determining the scope of the concept of «countering crime». The main approaches can be divided into 2 groups. According to the first approach, scientists believe the scope of the concept of «countering crime» includes preventive measures, which are aimed at preventing criminal acts. According to the second approach, the authors propose the concept of «countering crime» perceived as a set of measures reactions to crimes, including those, which were stopped at the stage of preparation or attempt. After analyzing the arguments, we came to the conclusion: the most logical approach is inclusion in the scope of the concept of «countering crime» both preventive measures (in terms used, for example — «crime prevention», «elimination of determinants of crime» etc.) and termination measures of started crimes, application of measures to respond to crime («repressive influence by the state power», «criminal-legal measures of reaction» and some others). Based on the obtained conclusion we have proposed our own definition of «countering crime». It is suggested to determine a «countering crime» as a system of measures taken by authorized entities, which are aimed at eliminating determinants individual types of crime and crime in general and implementation of an effective response to already committed criminal offenses any types of crime.

scholarly journals Medical Malpractice as a Separate Criminal Offense: a Higher Degree of Patient Protection or Merely a Sword Above the Doctors' Heads? The Example of the Croatian Legislative Model and the Experiences of its Implementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-60
Author(s):  
Igor Vuletić
Keyword(s):  
Medical Malpractice ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Certainty ◽  
Criminal Offense ◽  
Degree Of Protection ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
Patient Protection ◽  
Criminal Offenses ◽  
Legislative Model

A comparative overview of the criminalisation of medical errors in Europe shows that this in principle is approached in two ways. Under the first approach, such errors are incriminated through the general regime for criminal offenses, such as bodily injury or causing death by negligence. The second approach, adopted in a smaller number of countries, prescribes it as a separate criminal offense (as medical malpractice). Croatian law is a typical example of the second model, which has given rise to discussions in Croatian scholarly circles about the abandonment of such a model. The author analyses the Croatian legislative solution and its realisation in judicial practice, and based on this analysis, through the presentation of noteworthy case law, provides conclusions on whether or not the Croatian legislative solution indeed provides a higher degree of protection of the health of patients and a higher level of legal certainty.

Case Exercise: Biomechanics in Rearend Motor Vehicle Collisions

2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
Charles N. Brooks ◽  
Christopher R. Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Body Position ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
Physical Findings

Abstract Multiple factors determine the likelihood, type, and severity of bodily injury following a motor vehicle collision and, in turn, influence the need for treatment, extent of disability, and likelihood of permanent impairment. Among the most important factors is the change in velocity due to an impact (Δv). Other factors include the individual's strength and elasticity, body position at the time of impact, awareness of the impending impact (ie, opportunity to brace, guard, or contract muscles before an impact), and effects of braking. Because Δv is the area under the acceleration vs time curve, it combines force and duration and is a useful way to quantify impact severity. The article includes a table showing the results of a literature review that concluded, “the consensus of human subject research conducted to date is that a single exposure to a rear-end impact with a Δv of 5 mph or less is unlikely to result in injury” in most healthy, restrained occupants. Because velocity incorporates direction as well as speed, a vehicular occupant is less likely to be injured in a rear impact than when struck from the side. Evaluators must consider multiple factors, including the occupant's pre-existing physical and psychosocial status, the mechanism and magnitude of the collision, and a variety of biomechanical variables. Recommendations based solely on patient history and physical findings (and, perhaps, imaging studies) may be ill-informed.

Effects of Differences in Numeric Ability on the Perception of Adversity Risk to Others and Self

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Coy Callison ◽  
Rhonda Gibson ◽  
Dolf Zillmann
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessments ◽  
High Ability ◽  
News Report ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Adolescent Groups ◽  
Study Participants

This study used an experimental news report about confrontational robberies by adolescent groups in Mexican resorts that presented statistics with or without personalized cases of victimization. Study participants estimated the risk of harm to victims and the extent of their suffering. They also indicated their own risk and concern for their own safety. The readers’ numeric ability was ascertained thereafter. A trisection of this ability showed that persons of high ability comparatively overestimated others’ risk but underestimated their own; this despite indicating greater concerns for their own safety. These results were not altered by consideration of the readers’ empathic, experiential, and rational traits. The incorporation of personalized cases of victimization in the news report did not appreciably influence risk assessments. The involvement of cases resulting in major bodily injury, however, increased estimates of the incidence of such robberies.

Treatment alternatives to street crime.

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Foster Cook ◽  
Beth A. Weinman
Keyword(s):  
Street Crime ◽  
Treatment Alternatives

Treatment Alternatives to Street Crime

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Foster Cook ◽  
Beth A. Weinman ◽  
al. et
Keyword(s):  
Street Crime ◽  
Treatment Alternatives
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