scholarly journals Assessment of the Effect of Multidrug Resistance Clostridium difficile Clinical Strains on the Dynamics of Clostridium difficile Infection Rate at Pediatric Oncological Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
M. G. Shvydkaya ◽  
A. M. Zatevalov ◽  
D. T. Dzhandarova ◽  
S. D. Mitrokhin ◽  
O. E. Orlova

Relevance. At the children's oncological hospital guidelines to treat patients with several groups of antibiotics at the same time, which ensures the formation of multi-resistant strains of Clostridium difficile, which have a selective advantage for the Clostridium difficile infection developing, and also cause epidemics and /or in associating with an increase in the severity of Clostridium difficile – infection. Aims. Multidrug resistance Clostridium difficile strains and Clostridium difficile infection rate at pediatric oncological hospital. Results. An investigation of the Clostridium difficile resistance strains carried out among children at the children's oncological hospital. 143 toxigenic strains are resistant to moxifloxacin 72.41%, clindamycin 63.72%, rifampicin 35.54%, tetracycline 26.45%, tigecycline 11.42%, vancomycin 4.4%, metronidazole 3.9%. At the same time, the increase multidrug-resistant strains proportion note at the level of 3–4% per year. However, the rate of Clostridium difficile infection among children at the oncological hospital remained at the level of 0.4% to 3.1% with a downward trend. As a result, statistical calculations showed the absence of correlation between multidrug resistance and morbidity. Conclusions. Detection of multidrug-resistant microorganisms among toxigenic Clostridium difficile strains proves the need for further study of this problem in Russia and the advisability of monitoring Clostridium difficile infection rate and multidrug resistance Clostridium difficile strains at pediatric oncological hospitals.

2005 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1782-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mara L. Sobel ◽  
Didier Hocquet ◽  
Lily Cao ◽  
Patrick Plesiat ◽  
Keith Poole

ABSTRACT Mutations in genes mexR and nalC have previously been shown to drive overexpression of the MexAB-OprM multidrug efflux system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A transposon insertion multidrug-resistant mutant of P. aeruginosa overproducing MexAB-OprM was disrupted in yet a third gene, PA3574, encoding a probable repressor of the TetR/AcrR family that we have dubbed NalD. Clinical strains overexpressing MexAB-OprM but lacking mutations in mexR or nalC were also shown to carry mutations in nalD. Moreover, the cloned nalD gene reduced the multidrug resistance and MexAB-OprM expression of the transposon mutant and clinical isolates, highlighting the significance of the nalD mutations vis-à-vis MexAB-OprM overexpression in these isolates.


2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Popa ◽  
Mihaela Laszlo ◽  
Lidia Ciobanu ◽  
Elena Ucenic ◽  
Manuela Mihalache ◽  
...  

A fecal microbiota transplant has proved to be an extremely effective method for patients with recurrent infections with Clostridium difficile. We present the case of a 65-year-old female patient with multiple Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) relapses on the rectal remnant, post-colectomy for a CDI-related toxic megacolon. The patient also evidenced associated symptomatic Clostridium difficile vaginal infection. She was successfully treated with serial fecal “minitransplants” (self-administered at home) and metronidazole ovules.Abbreviations: GI: gastrointestinal; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; CDI: Clostridium difficile infection; FMT: fecal microbiota transplant.


2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yvette H. Van Beurden ◽  
Tom Van Gils ◽  
Nienke A. Van Gils ◽  
Zain Kassam ◽  
Chris J.J. Mulder ◽  
...  

Treatment of refractory celiac disease type II (RCD II) and preventing the development of an enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma in these patients is still difficult. In this case report, we describe a patient with RCD II who received fecal microbiota transfer as treatment for a recurrent Clostridium difficile infection, and remarkably showed a full recovery of duodenal villi and disappearance of celiac symptoms. This case suggests that altering the gut microbiota may hold promise in improving the clinical and histological consequences of celiac disease and/or RCD II. Abbreviations: CDI: Clostridium difficile infection; EATL : enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma; FMT: fecal microbiota transfer; IEL: intraepithelial lymphocytes; RCD II: refractory celiac disease type II; TPN: total parenteral nutrition.


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