In vitro ruminal biohydrogenation of eicosapentaenoic (EPA), docosapentaenoic (DPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cows and ewes: Intermediate metabolites and pathways

The current methodologies of clinical heart transplantation limit the ischemic window to 4–6 h. Periods longer than this can induce dysfunction in the organ and can lead to increased patient morbidity and mortality. An alternative to the current methods of static cold storage (CS) is continuous hypothermic perfusion (CHP), where a hypothermic oxygenated crystalloid solution is mechanically perfused through the coronary arteries. This has been shown to preserve the function for up to 72 h, but the techniques have yet to be optimized. We have developed an apparatus and methodology for performing CHP on large mammalian hearts, followed by reanimation in our in vitro Langendorff apparatus (The Visible HeartTM). We are also investigating the utility of the cardioprotective agents docosahexaenoic acid and [D-Ala2, D-Leu5] enkephalin, both of which have shown cardioprotective effects in our laboratory, and we believe that their addition to the preservation solution can further extend the transplant window. A series of pilot studies has been performed to date, with modestly successful results. Hearts preserved with CHP seem to show better functionality than CS hearts but far worse functionality than hearts reanimated immediately after explant. We hope to use this system to optimize CHP methodology and eventually develop a system for prolonging the window for heart transplantation.

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Effects of preconditioning and extrusion of linseed on the ruminal biohydrogenation of fatty acids. 2. In vitro and in situ studies

Animal Research ◽

10.1051/animres:2006023 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 261-271 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Fowad Akraim ◽

Marie-Claude Nicot ◽

Pierre Weill ◽

Francis Enjalbert

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

In Situ Studies ◽

Ruminal Biohydrogenation

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Evaluating the In Vitro Metabolism of Docosahexaenoic Acid in Sheep Rumen Fluid

Lipids ◽

10.1007/s11745-012-3688-8 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (8) ◽

pp. 821-825 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Noelia Aldai ◽

Gonzalo Hervás ◽

Álvaro Belenguer ◽

Pilar Frutos ◽

Angel R. Mantecón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

Rumen Fluid ◽

In Vitro Metabolism ◽

Sheep Rumen

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Docosahexaenoic Acid-Loaded Polylactic Acid Core-Shell Nanofiber Membranes for Regenerative Medicine after Spinal Cord Injury: In Vitro and In Vivo Study

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21197031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (19) ◽

pp. 7031

Author(s):

Zhuo-Hao Liu ◽

Yin-Cheng Huang ◽

Chang-Yi Kuo ◽

Chao-Ying Kuo ◽

Chieh-Yu Chin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

Neurite Outgrowth ◽

Polylactic Acid ◽

In Vivo Study ◽

Core Shell ◽

Cord Injury

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with disability and a drastic decrease in quality of life for affected individuals. Previous studies support the idea that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-based pharmacological approach is a promising therapeutic strategy for the management of acute SCI. We postulated that a nanostructured material for controlled delivery of DHA at the lesion site may be well suited for this purpose. Toward this end, we prepare drug-loaded fibrous mats made of core-shell nanofibers by electrospinning, which contained a polylactic acid (PLA) shell for encapsulation of DHA within the core, for delivery of DHA in situ. In vitro study confirmed sustained DHA release from PLA/DHA core-shell nanofiber membrane (CSNM) for up to 36 days, which could significantly increase neurite outgrowth from primary cortical neurons in 3 days. This is supported by the upregulation of brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) neural marker genes from qRT-PCR analysis. Most importantly, the sustained release of DHA could significantly increase the neurite outgrowth length from cortical neuron cells in 7 days when co-cultured with PLA/DHA CSNM, compared with cells cultured with 3 μM DHA. From in vivo study with a SCI model created in rats, implantation of PLA/DHA CSNM could significantly improve neurological functions revealed by behavior assessment in comparison with the control (no treatment) and the PLA CSNM groups. According to histological analysis, PLA/DHA CSNM also effectively reduced neuron loss and increased serotonergic nerve sprouting. Taken together, the PLA/DHA CSNM may provide a nanostructured drug delivery system for DHA and contribute to neuroprotection and promoting neuroplasticity change following SCI.

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A Higher Proportion of Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) When Combined with Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) in Omega-3 Dietary Supplements Provides Higher Antioxidant Effects in Human Retinal Cells

Antioxidants ◽

10.3390/antiox9090828 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 828 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Manuel Saenz de Viteri ◽

María Hernandez ◽

Valentina Bilbao-Malavé ◽

Patricia Fernandez-Robredo ◽

Jorge González-Zamora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

Eicosapentaenoic Acid ◽

Cell Viability ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Retinal Pigment ◽

Ethyl Esters ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Rpe Cells ◽

Antioxidant Effects

Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a key regulator of retinal function and is directly related to the transport, delivery, and metabolism of long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA), in the retina. Due to their functions and location, RPE cells are constantly exposed to oxidative stress. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have shown to have antioxidant effects by different mechanisms. For this reason, we designed an in vitro study to compare 10 formulations of DHA and EPA supplements from different origins and combined in different proportions, evaluating their effect on cell viability, cell proliferation, reactive oxygen species production, and cell migration using ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, we assessed their ability to rescue RPE cells from the oxidative conditions seen in diabetic retinopathy. Our results showed that the different formulations of n3-PUFAs have a beneficial effect on cell viability and proliferation and are able to restore oxidative induced RPE damage. We observed that the n3-PUFA provided different results alone or combined in the same supplement. When combined, the best results were obtained in formulations that included a higher proportion of EPA than DHA. Moreover, n3-PUFA in the form of ethyl-esters had a worse performance when compared with triglycerides or phospholipid based formulations.

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The triggering signal dictates the effect of docosahexaenoic acid on lymphocyte function in vitro

Lipids ◽

10.1007/s11745-998-0283-x ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (9) ◽

pp. 869-878 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Laura J. Jenski ◽

John M. Scherer ◽

LaDawn D. Caldwell ◽

Victori A. Ney ◽

William Stillwell

Keyword(s):

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

Lymphocyte Function

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Controlled Release of 5-FU from Chi–DHA Nanoparticles Synthetized with Ionic Gelation Technique: Evaluation of Release Profile Kinetics and Cytotoxicity Effect

Journal of Functional Biomaterials ◽

10.3390/jfb11030048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Mariarosa Ruffo ◽

Ortensia Ilaria Parisi ◽

Francesco Patitucci ◽

Marco Dattilo ◽

Rocco Malivindi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Drug Loading ◽

In Vitro Release ◽

Release Profile ◽

Order Kinetic ◽

Ionic Gelation ◽

Cytotoxicity Studies ◽

Order Kinetic Model

The ionic gelation technique allows us to obtain nanoparticles able to function as carriers for hydrophobic anticancer drugs, such as 5-fluoruracil (5-FU). In this study, reticulated chitosan– docosahexaenoic acid (Chi–DHAr) nanoparticles were synthesized by using a chemical reaction between amine groups of chitosan (Chi) and carboxylic acids of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and the presence of a link between Chi and DHA was confirmed by FT-IR, while the size and morphology of the obtained Chi-DHAr nanoparticles was evaluated with dynamic light scattering (DLS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Drug-loading content (DLC) and drug-loading efficiency (DLE) of 5-FU in Chi-DHAr nanoparticles were 33.74 ± 0.19% and 7.9 ± 0.26%, respectively, while in the non-functionalized nanoparticles (Chir + 5FU), DLC, and DLE were in the ranges of 23.73 ± 0.14%, 5.62%, and 0.23%, respectively. The in vitro release profile, performed in phosphate buffer saline (PBS, pH 7.4) at 37 °C, indicated that the synthetized Chi–DHAr nanoparticles provided a sustained release of 5-FU. Based on the obtained regression coefficient value (R2), the first order kinetic model provided the best fit for both Chir and Chi-DHAr nanoparticles. Finally, cytotoxicity studies of chitosan, 5-FU, Chir, Chir + 5-FU, Chi-DHAr, and Chi-DHAr + 5-FU nanoparticles were conducted. Overall, Chi-DHAr nanoparticles proved to be much more biocompatible than Chir nanoparticles while retaining the ability to release the drug with high efficiency, especially towards specific types of cancerous cells.

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