Effects of Fiber Content and Particle Size of Forage on the Flow of Microbial Amino Acids from Continuous Culture Fermenters

AbstractWe numerically model the dynamics of the Enceladus plume ice grains and define our nominal plume model as having a particle size distributionn(R) ~R−qwithq= 4 and a total particulate mass rate of 16 kg s−1. This mass rate is based on average plume brightness observed by Cassini across a range of orbital positions. The model predicts sample volumes of ~1600 µg for a 1 m2collector on a spacecraft making flybys at 20–60 km altitudes above the Enceladus surface. We develop two scenarios to predict the concentration of amino acids in the plume based on these assumed sample volumes. We specifically consider Glycine, Serine, α-Alanine, α-Aminoisobutyric acid and Isovaline. The first ‘abiotic’ model assumes that Enceladus has the composition of a comet and finds abundances between 2 × 10−6to 0.003 µg for dissolved free amino acids and 2 × 10−5to 0.3 µg for particulate amino acids. The second ‘biotic’ model assumes that the water of Enceladus's ocean has the same amino acid composition as the deep ocean water on Earth. We compute the expected captured mass of amino acids such as Glycine, Serine, and α-Alanine in the ‘biotic’ model to be between 1 × 10−5to 2 × 10−5µg for dissolved free amino acids and dissolved combined amino acids and about 0.0002 µg for particulate amino acids. Both models consider enhancements due to bubble bursting. Expected captured mass of amino acids is calculated for a 1 m2collector on a spacecraft making flybys with a closest approach of 20 km during mean plume activity for the given nominal particle size distribution.

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Comparison of bacterial pellets and microbial markers for the estimation of the microbial nitrogen and amino acids flows from single flow continuous culture fermenters fed diets containing two-stage olive cake

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00834.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 93 (5) ◽

pp. 527-537 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

E. Molina-Alcaide ◽

A. Moumen ◽

I. Martín-García ◽

M. D. Carro

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Continuous Culture ◽

Olive Cake ◽

Two Stage ◽

Microbial Nitrogen ◽

Single Flow

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Effect of particle size, fiber content, and surface treatment on the mechanical properties of maple-reinforced LLDPE produced by rotational molding

Polymers and Polymer Composites ◽

10.1177/0967391120916602 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 096739112091660

Author(s):

Fatima Ezzahra Hanana ◽

Denis Rodrigue

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Particle Size ◽

Surface Treatment ◽

Tensile Modulus ◽

Complete Characterization ◽

Fiber Content ◽

Wood Fibers ◽

Interface Quality ◽

Effect Of Particle Size ◽

The Impact

In this work, composites based on linear low-density polyethylene and maple wood fibers with and without surface treatment with maleated polyethylene (MAPE) were prepared by dry blending, followed by rotomolding to study the effect of particle size, fiber content, and surface treatment. From the samples produced, a complete characterization of the morphological and mechanical properties was performed. The results obtained showed that MAPE surface treatment improved the fiber–matrix interface quality, which improved the homogeneity, the thermal stability, and the mechanical properties of the composites. The results showed that the effect of particle size was significant as the tensile modulus increased by 7%, 40%, and 73% for 125–250, 250–355, and 355–500 µm at 30 wt% of maple fibers. The tensile strength also increased by 114% at the same fiber loading (30 wt%) when the particle size increased from 125–250 µm to 355–500 μm. Finally, the impact strength with 355–500 µm particles was 52% higher than for 125–250 µm particles at 30 wt%

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Effect of Water Treatment and Size Reduction on Dietary Fiber Content of Blackgram Husk

Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research ◽

10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1490 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Y Yesritha ◽

R Jaganmohan ◽

A Surendra Babu

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Paired Comparison ◽

Ash Content ◽

Fiber Content ◽

Black Gram ◽

Soluble Dietary Fiber ◽

Total Dietary Fiber ◽

Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽

Crude Fiber Content

The black gram husk a by-product of black gram milling was collected and proceed to washing. The washed and unwashed samples were separated based on the required particle size (900µm, 450µm). The samples obtained were analyzed for their proximate composition and dietary fiber content. The washed husk samples had shown least amount of fat and ash content ranging from 0.53 to 0.77% and 1.04 to 2.47% respectively. The protein content of the samples ranged from 14.43 to 18.65%. The crude fiber content was found to be highest in WBH ranging from 39.9 to 42.13% due to the removal of tailing starches and other coteledonous material. It was observed that the 450WBH sample had the highest amount of Total dietary Fiber (TDF), Insoluble Dietary Fiber (IDF) and Soluble Dietary Fiber (SDF) content. The TDF content of 450WBH was 90.19%. The obtained data was analyzed by paired comparison (t-Test).

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Keratin Hydrolysates Extracted from Sheep Wool with Potential Use as Organic Fertilizer

Leather and Footwear Journal ◽

10.24264/lfj.20.3.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 267-276

Author(s):

Mariana Daniela Berechet ◽

Demetra Simion ◽

Maria Stanca ◽

Cosmin-Andrei Alexe ◽

Ciprian Chelaru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Particle Size ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Control Sample ◽

Reaction Medium ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Particle Measurements ◽

Potential Use ◽

Wheat Seeds ◽

Sheep Wool

Keratin hydrolysates were obtained from sheep wool by alkaline hydrolysis at different concentrations of KOH (3%, 5% and 8%) and temperatures (75°C, 85°C, 95°C and 99°C) of the reaction medium. The protein content of the keratin extracts was between 65.54% and 87.10%. Particle measurements showed a decrease in particle size with the increase of concentration and temperature of the reaction medium. The ATR-FTIR spectra revealed specific bands to proteins and sulfur originated from keratin amino acids. The keratin hydrolysate type KerK895 was further investigated as organic fertilizer for two types of wheat seeds. The results showed that the use of 5% KerK895 led to the increase of the wheat stems lengths by 10.7% for Mirastar wheat and 18.3% for Tamino wheat, respectively, compared to control sample. Keratin hydrolysates are promising biopolymers as organic fertilizers in agriculture applications.

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Effects of forages and total mixed rations particle size on physical effectiveness and chewing activity of lactating cows

Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry ◽

10.2298/bah1103935s ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 935-942

Author(s):

B. Stojanovic ◽

G. Grubic ◽

N. Djordjevic ◽

A. Bozickovic ◽

A. Ivetic

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Fiber Content ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Total Mixed Ration ◽

Lactating Cows ◽

Particle Length ◽

Chewing Activity

In study are determined effects of four different mean lengths of corn silage, alfalfa haylage and total mixed ration (TMR) for lactating cows on physical effectiveness (pef), physically effective fiber content (peNDF) and total chewing activity. High correlations were found between mean particle length of forages and TMR and their physical effectiveness in lactating cows nutrition as also with physically effective fiber content. Significant effect of ration particle size on stimulating total chewing activity of lactating cows was determined.

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Amino acids digestibility of pelleted microparticle protein of fish meal and soybean meal in broiler chickens

Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture ◽

10.14710/jitaa.43.2.169-176 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (2) ◽

pp. 169 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

N. Suthama ◽

P. J. Wibawa

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Particle Size ◽

Soybean Meal ◽

Broiler Chickens ◽

Fish Meal ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

Intact Protein ◽

Calcium Retention ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Commom protein sources for poultry, fish meal and soybean meal, were ground to obtain reduced particle size. The particle was then dissolved in distilled water (1 : 4 w/v), and added with 2 mL virgin coconut oil for every 500 mL solution prior to ultrasound transducer (ultrasonic bath) treatment to obtain protein microparticle. Reducing particle size is one possible way to increase protein utilization.180 birds were used for forced feeding and 10 other birds were plotted for endogenous correction, when they were one month and a half old. Microparticle protein of both ingredients were tested separately in either mash or pelleted forms and compared to intact protein. Completely randomized design with 3 treatments (intact, mash, and pellet) and 6 replications (10 bidrs each) was arranged for the respective ingredient. Protein and essential amino acid digestibilities, and calcium retention were the parameters measured. Analysis of variance continued to Duncan test were applied to statistically evaluate the data. Pelleted microparticle protein of fish meal and soybean meal, respectively, resulted in significantly (P<0.05) highest protein and amino acids digestibilities, and Ca retention although lower disgestibility of fewer amino acids was found in mash form. In conclusion, pelleted form of microparticle protein of either fish meal or soybean meal improve protein and mostly amino acids digestibilities, and calcium retention in broiler.

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