Amino Acids and Peptides in the Protein-Free Fraction of Milk before and after Incubation with Streptococcus Lactis

Observations have been made on the specific free amino acids (chromatographic analysis) and other nitrogenous constituents in the serum and urine of normal and arthritic men under controlled dietary conditions, before and after a glycine load and adrenocorticotropin administered separately and together.Differences in the metabolism of amino acids between normal individuals and arthritics, particularly of alanine, proline, glutamic acid, taurine, and possibly tyrosine (and/or tryptophan) and cystine, were apparent. The differences were largely confined to the non-essential amino acids. Concomitant increases seen in the serum levels and in the excretion of several amino acids, in response to a load of a single amino acid, indicate that the increases in excretion are more than a matter of competition for reabsorption in the kidney. A prerenal phenomenon appears to be involved, possibly interconversion of amino acids. This concept is supported by the evidence that the increases in the serum levels were restricted to the non-essential amino acids.

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The impact of Hayward green kiwifruit on dietary protein digestion and protein metabolism

European Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1007/s00394-020-02363-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sanghee Park ◽

David D. Church ◽

Carlene Starck ◽

Scott E. Schutzler ◽

Gohar Azhar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Protein Metabolism ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Whole Body ◽

Protein Digestion ◽

Body Protein ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact ◽

Green Kiwifruit

Abstract Purpose The purpose of the study was to determine if an actinidin protease aids gastric digestion and the protein anabolic response to dietary protein. Methods Hayward green kiwifruit (containing an actinidin protease) and Hort 16A gold kiwifruit (devoid of actinidin protease) were given in conjunction with a beef meal to healthy older subjects. Twelve healthy older males (N = 6) and females (N = 6) were studied with a randomized, double-blinded, crossover design to assess muscle and whole-body protein metabolism before and after ingestion of kiwifruit and 100 g of ground beef. Subjects consumed 2 of each variety of kiwifruit daily for 14 d prior to each metabolic study, and again during each study with beef intake. Results Hayward green kiwifruit consumption with beef resulted in a more rapid increase in peripheral plasma essential amino acid concentrations. There were significant time by kiwifruit intake interactions for plasma concentrations of EAAs, branched chain amino acids (BCAAs), and leucine (P < 0.01). However, there was no difference in the total amount of EAAs absorbed. As a result, there were no differences between kiwifruit in any of the measured parameters of protein kinetics. Conclusion Consumption of Hayward green kiwifruit, with a beef meal facilitates protein digestion and absorption of the constituent amino acids as compared to Hort 16A gold kiwifruit. Clinical trial NCT04356573, April 21, 2020 “retrospectively registered”.

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AMINO ACIDS IN THE BLOOD AND URINE OF NORMAL AND ARTHRITIC SUBJECTS BEFORE AND AFTER A GLYCINE LOAD GIVEN WITH AND WITHOUT ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/o57-116 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 35 (11) ◽

pp. 1005-1016 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

J. B. Derrick ◽

Audrey P. Hanley

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Chromatographic Analysis ◽

Free Amino ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Single Amino Acid ◽

Normal Individuals ◽

Before And After ◽

Serum And Urine

Observations have been made on the specific free amino acids (chromatographic analysis) and other nitrogenous constituents in the serum and urine of normal and arthritic men under controlled dietary conditions, before and after a glycine load and adrenocorticotropin administered separately and together.Differences in the metabolism of amino acids between normal individuals and arthritics, particularly of alanine, proline, glutamic acid, taurine, and possibly tyrosine (and/or tryptophan) and cystine, were apparent. The differences were largely confined to the non-essential amino acids. Concomitant increases seen in the serum levels and in the excretion of several amino acids, in response to a load of a single amino acid, indicate that the increases in excretion are more than a matter of competition for reabsorption in the kidney. A prerenal phenomenon appears to be involved, possibly interconversion of amino acids. This concept is supported by the evidence that the increases in the serum levels were restricted to the non-essential amino acids.

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Role of d-serine in the beneficial effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in post-stroke patients

Acta Neuropsychiatrica ◽

10.1017/neu.2020.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 128-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Masachika Niimi ◽

Yuko Fujita ◽

Tamaki Ishima ◽

Kenji Hashimoto ◽

Nobuyuki Sasaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽

Stroke Patients ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Depressed Patients ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

AbstractObjective:Abnormalities in neurotransmission via N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR) play a role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. The impact of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on NMDAR-related amino acids remains unknown. We aim to investigate the effects of rTMS on NMDAR-related amino acids in serum of post-stroke patients.Methods:Ninety-five consecutive post-stroke patients with upper limb hemiparesis were recruited. In 27 patients, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) score was 10 or higher. Twelve depressed patients underwent rehabilitation in combination with rTMS and 15 non-depressed patients underwent rehabilitation only without rTMS for 14 days. 1 Hz rTMS was applied to the primary motor area in the non-lesional hemisphere. BDI was conducted before and after treatment. Serum glutamine, glutamate, glycine, l-serine, and d-serine levels were measured before and after treatment.Results:There were no differences between depressed patients and non-depressed patients in clinical characteristics, levels of the five amino acids in serum, and the ratio of amino acids. However, in 27 depressed patients, there was a significant correlation between levels of glutamate in serum and BDI (ρ = 0.428, p = 0.026). BDI decreased significantly in depressed patients after treatment with or without rTMS. d-serine decreased in the rehabilitation with rTMS group, but increased in the rehabilitation without rTMS group. l-serine increased in the rehabilitation with rTMS group, but decreased in the rehabilitation without rTMS group.Conclusion:The results suggest that rTMS can modulate NMDAR-related amino acids in blood, producing beneficial effects.

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RENAL CLEARANCES OF DIFFERENT AMINO ACIDS IN WILSON'S DISEASE BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT WITH PENICILLAMINE

Acta Medica Scandinavica ◽

10.1111/j.0954-6820.1971.tb07448.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 190 (1-6) ◽

pp. 395-399 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

F. Schønheyder ◽

G. Gregersen ◽

H. E. Hansen ◽

P. E. Skov

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Wilson’S Disease ◽

Wilson's Disease ◽

Before And After ◽

Renal Clearances

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The uptake of amino acids and peptides byStreptococcus lactis

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029900016241 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 93-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

G. H. Rice ◽

F. H. C. Stewart ◽

A. J. Hillier ◽

G. R. Jago

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Apparent Size ◽

Acid Transport ◽

Exchange Reactions ◽

Temperature Dependent ◽

Streptococcus Lactis ◽

Effects Of Ph ◽

Size Restriction ◽

Low Rate

SummaryPeptide and amino acid transport inStreptococcus lactiswas both energy-and temperature-dependent. Separate systems were present for the transport of amino acids, dipeptides and oligopeptides as well as for individual amino acids. Both tri- and tetra-peptides were readily transported while an apparent size restriction at the point of uptake resulted in a relatively low rate of uptake of the pentapeptide. The effects of pH, temperature and salt concentration on the uptake of amino acids and peptides were studied. Exchange reactions played a significant role in the uptake of both peptides and amino acids.

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