Reproductive and Physiological Responses of Holstein Heifers to Controlled and Natural Climatic Conditions

Rapid rise in temperature in summer causes severe injury to cool-season turfgrass of both native species and introduced ones in Heilongjiang of Northeast China. The objectives of this study were to compare physiological responses to seasonal heat stresses and turf performances between native and introduced commercial Poa accessions. Three Chinese native Poa species (i.e., P. pratensis, P. sibirica and P. sphondylodes) and three USA Kentucky bluegrass cultivars (ie. ‘Midnight’, ‘Moonlight’ and ‘BlueChip’) were evaluated under field conditions in 2017 and 2018. All accessions showed unique characteristics and considerable seasonal differences in response to temperatures. However, performances over all accessions were largely similar in early spring and autumn. In summer, native P. pratensis performed similar to ‘Midnight’, ‘Moonlight’ or ‘BlueChip’, with respect to such traits or parameters as quality, coverage, color intensity, growth rate, osmolytes, ROS and anti-oxidant production. Native P. pratensis could be used as a new turf resource for further improvement and application under the specific climatic conditions in Heilongjiang; native P. sphondylodes may be used in repairing damaged environments or for alternative seasonal greenness.

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Eco-physiological responses of ‘Campbell Early’ and ‘Jinok’ grape vines of two regions affected by different climatic conditions

Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology ◽

10.1007/s13580-020-00308-9 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Byeong-Sam Kim ◽

Kyung-Chul Cho ◽

Hyun-Sug Choi

Keyword(s):

Physiological Responses ◽

Climatic Conditions

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Physiological responses of banana (MusaAAA; Cavendish sub-group) in the subtropics. II. Influence of climatic conditions on seasonal and diurnal variations in gas exchange of banana leaves

Journal of Horticultural Science ◽

10.1080/14620316.1995.11515285 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 157-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

K. Eckstein ◽

J. C. Robinson

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Diurnal Variations ◽

Seasonal And Diurnal Variations ◽

Banana Leaves

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HEAT STRESS CLIMATIC CONDITIONS AND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF CATTLE

10.13031/2013.11629 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J.A. Nienaber ◽

G.L. Hahn ◽

T.M. Brown-Brandl ◽

R.A. Eigenberg

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Climatic Conditions

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A new conceptual framework for the use of hydrogen isotopes in tree rings

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-16223 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Marco M. Lehmann ◽

Velentina Vitali ◽

Philipp Schuler ◽

Matthias Saurer

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Framework ◽

Tree Rings ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Environmental Research ◽

Widespread Application ◽

Local Climate ◽

Biochemical Processes ◽

Hydrogen Isotope Ratios ◽

Set Up

Carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in tree-rings are successfully used in climate and environmental research, for instance for the reconstruction of past climatic conditions and corresponding physiological responses of trees to local climate. In contrast, hydrogen isotope ratios (&#948;2H), available also in the cellulose molecule of tree-rings, have been largely neglected. Mostly due to methodological reasons, but also because various studies found a rather poor climate information in the &#948;2H of tree rings. Recent studies show that the latter might be caused by isotope fractionation mechanisms that are related to plant physiological and biochemical processes rather than to climate or hydrological changes. These results also suggest that a relative use of carbon reserves and photosynthetic assimilates may explain &#948;2H variations in tree-rings. We therefore investigated the literature and observed strong relationships between &#948;2H and tree growth chronologies across various species in Switzerland, Germany, Norway, China, and India. The relationships between tree-ring growth and &#948;2H show a dependence to site-specific factors, climatic conditions (e.g. temperature, precipitation), and competition/light effects. Based on our findings we set up a novel conceptual framework that may allow the reconstruction of physiological responses such as carbon use strategies under varying environmental conditions. This new tool may find widespread application to identify and date, with high resolution, stressful conditions or stress-release phases that a tree or a forest ecosystem has experienced in the past.

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Iklim Mikro dan Respon Fisiologis Sapi Pesisir di Dataran Rendah dan Dataran Tinggi Sumatera Barat

Jurnal Agripet ◽

10.17969/agripet.v20i2.16017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Yetmaneli Yetmaneli ◽

B. P. Purwanto ◽

Rudi Priyanto ◽

Wasmen Manalu

Keyword(s):

Heat Tolerance ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

T Test ◽

Mild Stress ◽

Physiological Variables ◽

Temperature Humidity Index ◽

West Sumatra ◽

Humidity Index ◽

Environmental Measures

ABSTRAK. Penelitian bertujuan melihat potensi iklim mikro dan respon fisiologis sapi Pesisir yang dipelihara di dataran rendah (Kota Padang (0-300 m dpl )) dan dataran tinggi (BPTU Padang Mengatas ( 600 m dpl)) Sumatera Barat. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini 8 ekor sapi Pesisir, variabel yang diukur terdiri dari 2 aspek yaitu lingkungan abiotik dan aspek fisiologis sapi Pesisir. Aspek lingkungan abiotik berupa suhu lingkungan (Ta), kelembapan udara (RH) serta Temperature Humidity Index (THI). Variabel fisiologis sapi meliputi suhu rektal (Tr), suhu kulit (Ts), frekuensi pernapasan (RR) dan denyut jantung (HR). Tr dan TS digunakan menghitung suhu tubuh sapi (Tb). Tr dan RR digunakan menghitung Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC). Uji beda (t-test) digunakan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan kondisi iklim dan respon fisiologis sapi Pesisir di dataran rendah dan tinggi Sumatera Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan potensi iklim di dataran rendah adalah rerata suhu lingkungan 29,96°C, rerata kelembapan 64,22%, rerata THI 79,96 sedangkan potensi iklim di dataran tinggi adalah rerata suhu lingkungan 25,42°C, rerata kelembapan 69,48%, rerata THI 74,3. Rerata daya tahan panas sapi di dataran rendah 1,78 dan dataran tinggi 1,82. Kesimpulan penelitian menunjukkan potensi iklim dataran rendah untuk pemeliharaan sapi termasuk zona cekaman panas sedangkan dataran tinggi dalam cekaman ringan. Kondisi fisiologis sapi Pesisir di dataran rendah yang berbeda dengan sapi yang di dataran tinggi adalah suhu rektal, suhu kulit, suhu tubuh dan denyut jantung sedangkan frekuensi pernapasan didapatkan sama di kedua dataran. Daya tahan panas sapi Pesisir cukup baik ditemui di kedua dataran Sumatera Barat. (Microclimate and physiological responses of Pesisir cattle at lowland and highland of West Sumatra) ABSTRACT. This research aimed to investigate the potential of microclimate and physiological responses of Pesisir cattle that are maintained in lowland (Padang City (0-300 m asl)) and highland (Padang Mengatas BPTU ( 600 m asl)) in West Sumatra. The experimental animals were 8 pesisir cattle. The measured variables were abiotic environment and physiological responses of Pesisir cattle. Abiotic environmental measures were ambient temperature (Ta), humidity (RH) and Temperature Humidity Index (THI). Physiological variables were rectal temperature (Tr), skin temperature (Ts), respiratory rate (RR), and heart rate (HR). Tr and Ts were used to determine body temperature (Tb). Tr and RR are variables for calculating Heat Tolerance Coefficient (HTC). To determine whether there are differences in climatic conditions and physiological values in the two regions, the data were analyzed using a t-test. The results showed that climate potential in the lowlands was the average Ta 29.96° C, the average Rh 64.22% with an average THI 79.96 while the potential climate in the highlands was the average Ta 25.42°C, the average Rh 69, 48% with a mean THI of 74.3. The average HTC of cattle in the lowlands is 1.78 and the highlands is 1.82. The conclusion showed the climate potential of lowland for raising beef cattle includes heat stress zones, while the highlands there was mild stress. The physiological conditions of Pesisir cattle in the lowlands different from the highlands are Tr, Ts, Tb, and HR while RR is found the same in both plains. HTC of Pesisir cattle is good in both plains of West Sumatera.

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Development of Region Specific Hybrid Goat and their Performance Evaluation under High Altitude Condition

Defence Life Science Journal ◽

10.14429/dlsj.3.12576 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 165 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Vijay K. Bharti ◽

Prabhat Kumar ◽

Avishek Biswas ◽

Krishna Kumar ◽

Deepok Gogoi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Altitude ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Goat Meat ◽

Cross Breeding ◽

Native Breed ◽

Blood Biochemical ◽

Specific Hybrid

Goat meat (chevon) comprises an important source of protein to provide essential amino acids in addition to other meat and plant sources of proteins. Therefore, demands for chevon are huge from civil and defence sector in this region. However, there is limited availability of fresh tender chevon in Ladakh region round the year. Hence, there was a need of augmenting local availability of fresh goat meat by developing animal technology for fast growing region-specific crossbred goat for meat purpose that can efficiently perform under adverse climatic conditions prevailing in this region. The present crossbred goat was developed by using mixing genes of adaptive and meat traits through cross breeding between local goats (Changthangi and Gaddi breeds of goats) and Sirohi/Black Bengal goats. To develop this technology, we introduced Black Bengal and Sirohi from plain areas and native breed of goats viz. Gaddi and Changthangi goats for further adaptation and growth performance studies at Leh-Ladakh. After initial studies goats were divided into high altitude resistant/adapted and susceptible groups. High altitude resistant/adapted goats were taken for further cross breeding and pure breeding. All the kids produced out of this breeding were studied for physiological responses, growth performance, and blood biochemical parameters to know their adaptive and growth performance at high altitude. Crossbred kids of Sirohi ♂/Black Bengal ♂ X Changthangi ♀ had significantly (P<0.05) higher weight gain, adaptive physiological responses and blood biochemicals level as compared to exotic pure bred and other cross bred kids. These crossbred kids attained market weight faster than local as well as breeds from plain areas (Sirohi and Black Bengal goats). Average meat yield is 7-10 kg per adult crossbred goat if slaughtered at 9-12 month age. These cross bred (broiler goat) may be reared at Leh-Ladakh for meat purpose. Hence, this animal technology may help in increasing of fresh goat meat (chevon) supply to meet army’s and civil requirements in Leh-Ladakh.

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Study of physiological responses of Allium sativum to elevated CO2 and temperature

Journal of Environmental Biology ◽

10.22438/jeb/42/5/mrn-1687 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 1289-1297

Author(s):

N. Rahman ◽

◽

R. Das ◽

B.D. Narzary ◽

D.B. Phookan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Temperature Gradient ◽

Elevated Co2 ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Co2 Concentration ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

Elevated Co2 And Temperature ◽

Ambient Co2

Aim: The present investigation was undertaken to study the response of some garlic varieties of Allium sativum under different ambient and elevated CO2 and temperature conditions in order to investigate the physiological responses under changing climatic condition. Methodology: A two factorial CRD experiment was conducted for two years with four varieties of Allium sativum (Ekfutia Assam, Assam Local, Bhima Omkar and Bhima Purple) under four atmospheric regimes [T1= Ambient CO2 and temperature; T2= Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-I (400 ppm CO2 + 2oC higher than ambient); T3 = Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-II (550 ppm CO2 + 4oC higher than ambient); T4 = Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-III (700 ppm CO2 + 6oC higher than ambient)]. Major changes in physiological parameters of the varieties were recorded in Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-II as compared to ambient condition. The rate of photosynthesis was measured on fully expanded youngest leaves of each sample plant using a portable Infrared Gas Analyzer. Results: The mean photosynthetic rate of all four varieties grown over two years was 13.43% higher in Carbon dioxide Temperature Gradient Tunnel-II over varieties grown for two consecutive years under Ambient CO2 and temperature. However, high CO2 concentration and temperature stress significantly reduced the stomatal conductance approximately by 27.48%. Interpretation: The results of this study gives a comprehensive analysis of garlic varieties under four different climatic conditions of CO2 and temperature and revealed that Ekfutia Assam and Assam Local and garlic varieties Bhima Omkar and Bhima Purple were promising varieties as they responded significantly to elevated CO2 and temperature regimes. This may provide some critical inputs for optimizing the strategies in future farming and farming opportunities of this commercially and medicinally important crop under changing climatic conditions.

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Gender-specific variation in physiology in the dioecious shrub Corema album throughout its distributional range

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp12131 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (12) ◽

pp. 968 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Leonor Álvarez-Cansino ◽

Mari Cruz Díaz Barradas ◽

María Zunzunegui ◽

Mari Paz Esquivias ◽

Todd E. Dawson

Keyword(s):

Physiological Stress ◽

Leaf Gas Exchange ◽

Physiological Responses ◽

Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽

Photochemical Efficiency ◽

Reproductive Investment ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Gender Dimorphism ◽

And Gender ◽

Gender Specific

Different requirements for reproduction between sexes in dioecious plants can lead to gender-specific physiological responses to environmental constraints. Females generally endure higher reproductive investment and costs than males, displaying lower water and nutrient use efficiency and growth. We studied the ecophysiology of the dioecious shrub Corema album L. (D.) Don. to assess how drought impacts physiological responses and gender dimorphism along an aridity gradient within the species’ range. Leaf gas exchange, photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), water potential (Ψ), vegetative growth (VG) and leaf C isotopic discrimination and nitrogen content were measured in three populations under markedly different climatic conditions. Physiological responses and growth indicated higher level of stress in the drier environments, leading to increased WUE (Δ) and lower VG. Physiological stress increases among plants were related to incremental changes in the degree of gender dimorphism, with significant effects on Ψ and Fv/Fm (P < 0.05); males showed higher VG (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis of instantaneous and integrated measurements revealed gender-related effects across the climatic gradient (P < 0.01). Reproduction investment has an effect on the physiological performance and growth of C. album. Gender responses are site-specific, being influenced by climate. The increase in physiological stress with aridity could lead to the potential retreat and variation in structure in these populations if genders are affected differently by the predicted climate change.

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