scholarly journals Education

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
J Anne Affeld ◽  
Martha Affeld
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
Whole Child ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Academic Gains

Children are born learning and press for chances to push abilities as long as they feel safe and have a hope of succeeding at the demands of the day. It is the whole child that comes to school and whose needs, desires and aptitudes, varied and exciting, need to be honored. Children crave attention, affection, safety, growth, companionship, knowledge, success. They thrive in social situations where they feel honored and sense they belong. They are energized with stimulation and the opportunity to press forward at the developmental tasks that call, individually, to them for completion. Curriculum that springs from this natural essence of children is motivating and supports academic gains. When the needs of the child are part of the focus, the youngster cares about learning and the self and excels at personal potentials. When it is the whole child who is nurtured, seen for strengths and gifts, it is exhilarating, challenging, potentiating and the child yearns, strives and presses with energy and hope.

Sociology of shame: basic theoretical considerations

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Sighard Neckel
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Informal Groups ◽  
Theoretical Considerations

In his chapter Sighard Neckel points out the social characteristics of shame. This emotion arises from the interweaving of social relationships and presupposes the difference between the self and its ideal image just as much as a violation of the norm before the eyes of others. In this respect shame is tied to sociality, normativity and morality. The author illustrates the structural anchoring of the loss of self-esteem in social conditions. Analogous to the dimensions of status acquisition used in sociology in modern societies, such as material prosperity, knowledge, position in organizations and in informal groups, different social shaming techniques are explained. Neckel shows that social devaluations arise when the work or need of people is not valued. The associated devaluations in material and social terms produce feelings of inferiority – feelings with which the addressees of social work are systematically confronted. The article concludes that individualizing social situations and interpreting social disadvantages as personal failure generate shame and the experience of one’s own unworthiness. It is shame that indicates how heterogeneous respect and recognition can be distributed in society.

Presidential Address

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 394-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Crocker
Keyword(s):  
Social Psychology ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Presidential Address ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Interpersonal Dynamics ◽  
Paradoxical Effects

Interpersonal dynamics of self-esteem are explored. The author proposes that the desire to be seen as having positive qualities and avoid being seen as having dreaded qualities paradoxically leads to lowered self-esteem and lowered regard from others through its adverse effects on interpersonal relationships. The author also argues that the human capacity to transcend concerns with the images others hold of oneself, through caring about the well-being of other people, paradoxically leads to higher self-esteem and regard from others through its salutary effects on relationships. Data from two recent studies demonstrate these paradoxical effects and prompt questions about the nature of persons and situations, research methods, and the union between personality and social psychology. Accordingly, the author reflects more broadly on how people create their social situations, which in turn create the self, and what that means about the methods scholars use to understand social behavior.

Mental (2008): Sōda Kazuhiro’s Observational Cinema

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-309
Author(s):  
Takushi Odagiri
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Philosophical Anthropology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Political Critique ◽  
Prevention Act ◽  
Ex Ante ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Gilbert Simondon

This article examines Sōda Kazuhiro’s observational documentary, especially his second observational film, Seishin (Mental), and specifically considers its participatory methods, sociohistorical circumstances, and philosophical anthropology. Influenced by North American direct cinema of the 1960s (especially Frederick Wiseman) as well as Bronisław Malinowski’s participant observation, Sōda’s observational style not only emphasizes the self-affective nature of documentary eyes but also rejects the preconceived reality of its object. Documentary is not conceived “in the head”: unexpected discoveries, which inevitably accompany his participatory methods, define his object from an ex ante facto (before the fact) perspective. Examples of this are the contingency of the mental-bodily complex (Seishin) and self-contradictory social situations (Senkyo and Senkyo 2). Because it’s an observationalparticipatory film, Seishin responds to the sociopolitical climates of the late 2000s, especially the Japanese government’s reforms of health and medical services. Specifically, two laws were enacted while the film was in production: the 2005 Support for Independence of Persons with Disability (SIPD) Act and the 2006 Suicide Prevention Act. Furthermore, Seishin represents an anthropological (techno-ontological) standpoint similar to that of Gilbert Simondon, Miki Kiyoshi, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. This article investigates the film’s ontology, externalism, and political critique of neoliberalism in the late 2000s.

Global Self-Esteem Scales: Unidimensional or Multidimensional?

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward J. O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Public Speaking ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Specific Factors

A critical distinction in the self-esteem literature is that between global and specific self-esteem. In this study, two widely-used self-esteem scales, purported to be unidimensional (an additively scored version of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and the Eagly revision of the Feelings of Inadequacy Scale) were factor analyzed. Subjects were 206 female undergraduates. The results supported the unidimensionality of the Rosenberg scale. However, four orthogonal factors were extracted from the Eagly Scale, two global factors and two situation-specific factors which referred to self-confidence in public speaking and novel social situations. The two global factors were more strongly correlated with the Rosenberg scale than were the situation-specific factors. Further work with men and women is needed to develop the Eagly scale as a multidimensional scale or to shorten it to include only global self-esteem items.

Conformity and Non-Conformity among Married Women: The Riesman Typologies

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1195-1201
Author(s):  
Richard C. Sprinthall ◽  
Barbara Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Married Women ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Situations

A study was conducted on 94 upper-middle cass, white, married women, roughly half of whom were over 30 yr. and also about half of whom had attended college. Subjects were given the Women's Social Situations Test and assessed on its three subscales, Self-Ideal, used to measure inner-direction, Self-Average, used to measure other-direction, and Idiosyncraticism, used to measure non-conformity. Scores on all subtests were significantly different from each other, the highest scores being on Self-Ideal, next highest on Self-Average, and lowest on Idiosyncraticism. The data also were analyzed according to item categories reflecting peer situations and those involving family situations. Self-Average and Idiosyncratic scores were significantly higher on peer items, whereas type of item made no difference on the Self-Ideal scale. Age yielded no differences on the three subscales. Education did make a difference on two of the subscales and indicated that those women who had attended college were higher on the Self-Average scale and lower on the Self-Ideal.

The Role of Feeling in the Entertainment=Emotion Formula

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald C. Cupchik
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
The Self ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Deep Processing ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Intellectual Engagement ◽  
Aesthetic Engagement

This paper examines feelings and emotions in relation to entertainment experiences. Feelings reflect an appraisal of everyday events or media products that shape our experience of pleasure and interest which are complementary. Pleasure can result from the meaningful interpretation of a program or from positive associations that it evokes. Interest in a program can result from intellectual engagement and a search for meaning or simply to alleviate boredom. According to a reactive model of media involvement, a person selects stimuli which modulate feelings of pleasure or excitement. This affective covariation process is superficial in the sense that there is no need for deep processing in order to determine the value of the stimulus. Emotions are more closely tied to the self and the meaning of social situations. Emotion can be related to a reflective model of aesthetic involvement whereby a person interprets the work in terms of relevant aesthetic knowledge and personal life experiences. This search for underlying layers of meaning leads to deeper aesthetic engagement and emotional elaboration. The main point here is that processes related to the experience of feelings and emotions run concurrently. Feelings reflect more global responses to events involving characters and plots. Emotions are more firmly grounded in the search for meaning in depicted situations and implicate the lives of audiences who watch the programs.

Predicting Self–Confident Behaviour with Implicit and Explicit Self–Esteem Measures

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sascha Krause ◽  
Mitja D. Back ◽  
Boris Egloff ◽  
Stefan C. Schmukle
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
The Self ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Dual Process ◽  
Affective Priming ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Priming Task ◽  
Indirect Measures ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Affective Priming Task

The present research compared the validity of popular direct and indirect measures of self–esteem in predicting self–confident behaviour in different social situations. In line with behavioural dual–process models, both implicit and explicit self–esteem were hypothesized to be related to appearing self–confident to unacquainted others. A total of 127 participants responded to the Rosenberg Self–Esteem Scale, the Multidimensional Self–Esteem Scale, and an adjective scale for measuring explicit self–esteem (ESE). Participants‘ implicit self–esteem (ISE) was assessed with four indirect measures: the Implicit Association Test (IAT), the name–letter task (NLT), and two variants of an affective priming task, the reaction–time affective priming task (RT–APT) and the error–based affective priming task (EB–APT). Self–confident behaviour was observed in four different social situations: (i) self–introduction to a group; (ii) an ostracism experience; (iii) an interview about the ostracism experience; and (iv) an interview about one's personal life. In general, appearing self–confident to unknown others was independently predicted by ESE and ISE. The indirect measures of self–esteem were, as expected, not correlated, and only the self–esteem APTs—but not the self–esteem IAT or the NLT—predicted self–confident behaviours. It is important to note that in particular the predictive power of the self–esteem EB–APT pertained to all four criteria and was incremental to the ESE measures. Copyright © 2016 European Association of Personality Psychology

Responding to Self-Consciousness: An Examination of Everyday and Dream Episodes

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-198
Author(s):  
Ephrem G. Pano ◽  
Michelle C. Hilscher ◽  
Gerald C. Cupchik
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Athletic Performance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Bodily Arousal ◽  
The University

Eighty-nine students from the University of Toronto completed a 20-item self-consciousness questionnaire. They also provided a written account of a self-conscious (e.g., embarrassing) episode from everyday life as well as a self-conscious episode from a dream. Factor analysis of the questionnaire responses revealed 6 factors, with public and private self-consciousness emerging as the dominant factors. The everyday and dream episodes were examined qualitatively and 8 categories were derived the frequency of which could be numerically assessed in each protocol and factor analyzed. For the everyday life episodes, 5 factors revealed concerns of undergraduates related to academic performance versus physical appearance, social anxiety, and athletic performance, as well as 2 coping strategies. Three factors emerged from the dream episodes with the first revealing how students imagined coping with negative bodily arousal in order to assert themselves in academic situations. The second factor showed how students imagined withdrawing from social situations so as to avoid negative emotions associated with self-consciousness related to appearance. Meaningful correlations were found relating factors from the everyday episodes with the self-consciousness questionnaire as well as the dream episodes. These findings demonstrate complementary relations between quantitative and qualitative (i.e., narrative-based) assessments of self-consciousness.

Self-Monitoring and Ethnic Group Membership

1993 ◽  
Vol 72 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1347-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Nicholas Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
The Self ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Cultural Conditioning ◽  
Ethnic Group Membership

In support of theorising about differences in cultural conditioning with regards to self-presentation in social situations, the self-monitoring scores of 105 Chinese and 124 New Zealand students were compared. As predicted, Chinese reported significantly higher self-monitoring than New Zealanders and the effect was independent of sex and socioeconomic status.

Social situations and the self

2019 ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Jürgen Raab
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Social Situations
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