scholarly journals The travel story as the structure-forming basis for Attar poems

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 768-799
Author(s):  
Leyli G. Lahuti
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Spiritual Path ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Divine Truth

There is no consensus among scholars about the Masnavi composition by Farid ad-Din ‛Attar (fl. 12th–13th cent. AD), the great Persian Sufi poet. The question of whether these poems were written spontaneously or whether there is a structure, which was thought out in advance remains open. The article offers an attempt to answer this question. It comprises a comparative analysis of the structure of three Masnavi poems by Farid ad-Din ‛Attar: Mantiq at-Tayr (“Language of the Birds”), Musibat-nameh (“Book of Suffering”) and Ilahi-nameh (“Book of God”). The starting point is the poem Mantiq at-Tayr, which illustrates the ‛Attar concept of the so-called “valleys”, i.e. the stages, which mark the spiritual path of those striving for the Eternal and Divine Truth. This Path is alluded to by the flight of birds. All three Masnavis are considered in the article as a unity where the pivotal points of the narrative are determined by the stages of the path described in the Mantiq at-Tayr. At the same time, the poems do not duplicate, however, enlarge and enrich each other.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Communism and Post-Communist Transformations in Russia: Modern Theoretical Discussions

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-544
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Gutorov ◽  
Alexander A. Shirinyants
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
World Order ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Synthetic Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Global World ◽  
Near Future

The analysis of discussions on various aspects of the evolution of the modern state, the specifics of post-communist transformations and the role that Marxism and the tradition of radical socialist thought can play in the near future in their search for a way out of the crisis generated by the agony of the neoliberal global world order. As a starting point for the analysis, theoretical articles published in the second edition of the collection Communism, Anticommunism, Russophobia in post-Soviet Russia. 2nd ed., Add. / Auth.: P.P. Apryshko et al. - Moscow: World of Philosophy, Algorithm, 2021 (607 p.) were selected. A comparative analysis of the polemical works of domestic scientists, political theorists and philosophers with those discussions that for many decades have been conducted by their colleagues abroad clearly indicates that today none of the existing ideologies, as well as the paradigms of economic and socio-political theory, can pretend to be the only recourse. The experience of recent decades clearly excludes the very possibility of transforming the economy and society on the basis of a certain universal synthetic model. In post-communist Russia, the heat of political passions, which stimulates the extreme polarization of political programs for overcoming the crisis, also hinders the achievement of agreement and the search for a solution acceptable to all.

Symbiosis Process in Business Ecosystem

2014 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 1066-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Galateanu Avram ◽  
Silvia Avasilcai
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Organizational Boundaries ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Business Ecosystems ◽  
The Common ◽  
Specific Species ◽  
Common Vision

The business ecosystems domain emerged as result to the necessity of assessment of new economic procedures and mechanisms between the economic agents. Defined as a community of interrelated agents, a business ecosystems approach can emphasize the most important features of modern economy. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a comparative analysis of business ecosystems with biological ones in order to identify the most important internal features which can describe the symbiosis process. In biological field, the symbiosis is defined as an association of individuals from different type of species. In the business field, this form of association is defined in terms of co-evolution and cooperation. From this point of view it is important to analyze main species who are involved into this type of relations. The starting point of this research is to define reference dimension whose knowledge is important in order to understand involved entities. At this step the concept of innovation will be considered as knowledge reference. The research method will be conducted based on the identification of different categories of elements, individuals and their integration into specific species. This integration will be realized by grouping individuals according to analyzed common features. The foreseen result is to highlight how the individuals knowledge about innovation contributes to the common vision of the entire group. The next step of the research framework will provide a comparative analysis between the established groups of individuals. The main outcome of this research is to provide a new model of reintegration of individuals from different domains of activity not limited by organizational boundaries. As result, this paper will provide a framework for understanding the symbiosis from two points of views: the fusion process between the agents and the knowledge transfer as its result.

scholarly journals GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF EDUCATION FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AS MODERN CURRICULUM INNOVATION IN SERBIA, MONTENEGRO AND CROATIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 055
Author(s):  
Tamara Vukić ◽  
Marija Jovanović ◽  
Dragan Todorović
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Curriculum Innovation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Elective Course ◽  
Goals And Objectives

Education for sustainable development, as an imperative of this day and age, has become an integral part of the curriculum in many education systems. The focus of this paper is education for sustainable development in Montenegro, Croatia and Serbia, with a particular emphasis on the goals and objectives of education for sustainable development. After presenting the specifics of sustainable development at the primary and secondary level of education in these countries, a comparative analysis of learning goals and objectives was conducted between the curriculum of the elective course Education for Sustainable Development in Serbia, interdisciplinary area Education for Sustainable Development in Montenegro and interdisciplinary topic Sustainable Development in Croatia. This comparative analysis established that the goals of education for sustainable development in all three cases are aimed at developing an active and responsible attitude of students towards other people, the environment, taking into account the future perspective, and that the goals and objectives of education for sustainable development in Montenegro and Croatia are more extensive and meaningful compared to the goals and objectives of the elective course Education for Sustainable Development in Serbia. Even though the goals and objectives of the new elective course, interdisciplinary topics and interdisciplinary areas specifically focused on sustainable development represent curriculum innovation in Serbia, Montenegro and Croatia, defining them is only a starting point for activities aimed at educating students to live and work in a modern society that is required to become sustainable.

scholarly journals Comparison of A.S. Green’s story “Green lamp” with its film adaptations at the literature lesson in the 8th grade

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Elena A. Elyasina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Experimental Verification ◽  
Film Adaptation ◽  
Teaching Literature ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Film Interpretation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
8Th Grade ◽  
Educational Potential ◽  
Development Of Students

In the year of the 140th anniversary of A.S. Green’s birth, studying his works at school are as relevant as ever. Over the years, the reader’s interest in the writer’s work has not faded, and there are more opportunities for effective study of his works: for example, comparison with a film interpretation clarifies the analysis of the text and contributes to the emergence of the students’ own reading interpretation. The aim of the article is to describe the experience of studying A.S. Green’s story “Green lamp” by the 8th grade students, the educational and educational potential of which is evaluated and recognized by the methodology of teaching literature. The focus is put on the comparative analysis of the story and its film adaptation. The article uses the following methods: descriptive and analytical when discussing the visual and expressive possibilities of the film “Green lamp”, a method for comparing the implementation of the metaphor on which the story is based, in the text and on the screen. At the same time, the emphasis is placed on the possibilities of cinematography, and the Director’s interpretation becomes the “starting point” for formulating the questions and tasks offered to students. Experimental verification of the effectiveness of the developed tasks showed a high interest of students’ in their performance, the appearance of deeper and more accurate answers, active involvement in research and creative activities. The article focuses on the possibilities of comparing the text with the screen version as a methodological technique that contributes to the literary development of students. This approach to the organization of analytical and interpretive activities at the literature lesson, in our view, allows us to overcome the age restrictions associated with understanding the author’s idea. The results of the lesson on comparison show that the film impressions of schoolchildren change the character of the reader’s perception, enrich and deepen the study of the story of A.S. Green’s.

scholarly journals Development of the common standard for revenue recording as a part of the US GAAP and IAS/IFRS systems convergence

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
Hana Bohušová
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Revenue Recognition ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Us ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
General Standard ◽  
Us Gaap

The most significant difference between US GAAP and IFRSs is in the area of general approach. IFRSs are based on basic accounting principles1 with limited application guidance, US GAAPs are based especially on rules with specific application guidance. FASB and IASB initiated their joint project on revenue recording to converge IFRS and US GAAP in this area. The main objective of this paper is comparative analysis of revenue recognition under both systems, evaluation of the most significant differences in revenue recognition and measurements as a starting point for the preparation of the new general standard for revenue recognition and the new approach to the revenue recognition development.In this paper, the current approaches to revenue recognition under both systems are compared. The most significant difference is the general approach to revenue recognition. There is the Conceptual Framework where revenue is defined, two standards on revenue recognition and interpretations concerning revenue recognition and measurement in the IAS/IFRS. On the other hand, there are many standards and guidance concerning revenue in the US GAAP. Revenue is defined in the Statements of Financial Accounting concepts (CON 5, CON 6). There is not any general standard for revenue recognition under the US GAAP. The most significant differences in revenue recognition concern the long-term contracts and deferred payments. Despite this difference, there are many similarities between both systems.Based on the results of the comparative analysis which was done in the paper, a new approach for re­ve­nue recognition based on principles for the new general standard for revenue recognition common for both systems is being developed.

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Video Surveillance Regulation in Data Protection Laws in the Former Yugoslav States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Đorđe Krivokapić ◽  
Danilo Krivokapić ◽  
Jelena Adamović ◽  
Aleksandra Stefanović
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Data Protection ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Right

Video surveillance, the monitoring of a specific area, event, activity or person through an electronic device or a system for visual monitoring is already established as a central tool of public security policy. Video surveillance represents a starting point for implementing advanced technologies such as automatic number plate recognition (ANPR) and automatic facial recognition (AFR), which tend to become standards in many urban areas. Based on the increased use of video surveillance technologies, governments and private actors’ capabilities in terms of monitoring of the population and potentially violating fundamental human rights are colossally increased. The article will provide a comparative analysis of national regulatory frameworks of video surveillance in public spaces in former Yugoslav states and its compliance with standards provided by new data protection regulatory framework, particularly General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). The article will also give an overview of the major violations of the right to privacy by video surveillance and insight into and potential impact of new projects and technologies currently under deployment in the observed countries.

scholarly journals Expanding the Meaning of the Term “Document” as a Possible Factor of Reconsideration of the Objects of Bibliometrics, Scientometrics, and Informetrics. 2. Old Definitions of the Objects of “Metrices” in the Context of the New Definition of the Term “Document”

2020 ◽  
pp. 226-242
Author(s):  
V. S. Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Material Object ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Broad Interpretation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scientific Fields

Introduction. In the first part of the article, an attempt was made to trace some of the evolution of the concept of a “document”, which is now understood as any material object that can be used to obtain the information necessary for a person. In the second part, assuming that such an interpretation of the concept of a “document” is fruitful for possible reconsideration of viewpoints on the objects of bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics, a number of definitions of the objects of these three “metrices” have been examined with a speculative “inlining” the new meaning of the term “document” to the definitions of objects.Materials and methods. Comparative analysis of the viewpoints of the objects of bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics that were expressed in some examples of definitions of these scientific fields; speculative “inlining” the new meaning of the term “document” in them; consideration the meanings of the objects of “metrices” altered as a result of the mentioned “inlining”.Results. It is shown how noticeably the understanding of the objects of bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics can be revised as the result of the use of the updated “broad” interpretation of the concept of a “document” and how much the interpretations of the objects of bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics can be even closer in their meanings than previously was recognized.Discussion and conclusion. Such a comparative analysis of the objects of the “metrices” might be helpful for identifying both similarities and differences among bibliometrics, scientometrics and informetrics. This is important, since the awareness of them is an obvious starting point for the mutual enrichment of “metrices” with knowledge and concepts. A more complete and detailed analysis of representations of the objects of the “metrices” in comparison with the updated “broad” interpretation of the concept of the “document”, as well as a comparison of the methodological components of “metrices” is the subject of further research.

scholarly journals Lex deweloper – analiza porównawcza projektu pierwotnego specustawy mieszkaniowej z ostatecznie uchwaloną ustawą

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-67
Author(s):  
Sławomir Pawłowski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Public Investment ◽  
Final Decision ◽  
Location Decision ◽  
Residential Investment ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
Private Investors ◽  
Public Consultations ◽  
Original Concept

The study is a comparative analysis of the original draft Act on facilitating the preparation and implementation of housing and associated investments, i.e. from March 2018 with the text finally adopted on 5 July 2018. Making such comparative analysis is justified by significant changes that occurred in the original concept of the act intended to encourage private investors to significantly accelerate the fulfilment of housing needs in Poland. Being similar to special public investment acts, the act initially established the voivode as the authority competent to take the final decision in the first instance. In addition, this decision was to take the form of an integrated decision, in which not only permission for the location of a residential investment would be issued, but also, in a simplified mode, consent for cutting down trees in cities would be obtained. These and other solutions were criticized during public consultations, and these opinions were taken into account. This elaboration will present the thesis that the original shape of the Act on facilitating the preparation and implementation of housing and associated investments would unjustifiably affect the planning authority of the commune, whose position would be marginalized. In addition, there is also a discussion of the legal nature of the location decision, which in the adopted act took the form of a commune council resolution. This part of the study will first analyze the legal nature of municipal council resolutions in general, including whether they will always take the form of general and abstract acts. This will be the starting point for assessing whether this resolution will constitute a general act of applying the law, i.e. a general administrative act. 

A critical reappraisal of resident participation in China and France: ‘authoritarian deliberation’ goes global?

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia C. Romano
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Urban Renewal ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Resident Participation ◽  
Democratic Regimes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Participative Democracy ◽  
Regime Types ◽  
Policies And Practices

AbstractThis paper, the first step of a project aiming at analysing the establishment of practices of resident participation and consultation in urban renewal in China, proposes a reflection upon these practices through a comparison with similar experiences in France. Identifying some convergences between the practices adopted in the two countries, the paper proposes to reflect upon such puzzling outcomes, provocatively questioning the classic distinction between authoritarian and democratic regimes. It suggests that our analyses and interpretations shall get rid of classical binary categorisations between regime types to embrace a comparative analysis of the policies and practices introduced in various local contexts, and reflect upon their underlying logics. In so doing, the paper engages with He and Warren's concept of ‘authoritarian deliberation’ as well as with the critiques expressed by a number of French scholars on concepts such as ‘participative democracy’ and ‘good governance’. Such a focus on the underlying logics rather than on regime types will show that the concept of ‘authoritarian deliberation’ does not only apply to authoritarian contexts. Rather, it represents a fruitful starting point to analyse and reflect upon instances of participation and deliberation in both democratic and authoritarian countries.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Religious Education in Europe and Educational Guidelines in the Framework of Interreligious dialogue and a Culture of Peace

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Luis Del Espino Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Religious Diversity ◽  
Interreligious Dialogue ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Culture Of Peace ◽  
Globalized World

AbstractThe phenomenon of migration that typifies a globalized world has created a society characterized by cultural and religious diversity. This has led to different types of conflict. States cannot disregard the current situation, and so intercultural strategies that encourage interreligious dialogue aimed at building a culture of peace must be part of educational curricula. This article analyses the religious education implemented in most European states so that using this material as a starting point, educational guidelines and strategies can be developed to make religious education into a subject that can contribute to the welfare of all human beings in a globalized world, valuing cultural diversity and social equality.

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