scholarly journals Interpretation of Communism and Post-Communist Transformations in Russia: Modern Theoretical Discussions

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-544
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Gutorov ◽  
Alexander A. Shirinyants
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
World Order ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Synthetic Model ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Global World ◽  
Near Future

The analysis of discussions on various aspects of the evolution of the modern state, the specifics of post-communist transformations and the role that Marxism and the tradition of radical socialist thought can play in the near future in their search for a way out of the crisis generated by the agony of the neoliberal global world order. As a starting point for the analysis, theoretical articles published in the second edition of the collection Communism, Anticommunism, Russophobia in post-Soviet Russia. 2nd ed., Add. / Auth.: P.P. Apryshko et al. - Moscow: World of Philosophy, Algorithm, 2021 (607 p.) were selected. A comparative analysis of the polemical works of domestic scientists, political theorists and philosophers with those discussions that for many decades have been conducted by their colleagues abroad clearly indicates that today none of the existing ideologies, as well as the paradigms of economic and socio-political theory, can pretend to be the only recourse. The experience of recent decades clearly excludes the very possibility of transforming the economy and society on the basis of a certain universal synthetic model. In post-communist Russia, the heat of political passions, which stimulates the extreme polarization of political programs for overcoming the crisis, also hinders the achievement of agreement and the search for a solution acceptable to all.

scholarly journals The rise and fall of a strategic partnership: Brazilian-Russian relations within the BRICS framework

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 310-325
Author(s):  
Victor Jeifets ◽  
◽  
Bruno Mariotto Jubran ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
Strategic Partnership ◽  
South American ◽  
Global Orientation ◽  
Bilateral Relations ◽  
Global Affairs ◽  
Global World ◽  
Political Turmoil ◽  
Near Future ◽  
American Nation

This article analyzes the recent evolution of Brazilian-Russian relations, with an emphasis on their interaction within the BRICS group. The authors claim that beyond the changes and un- certainties in global world order throughout the second decade of the 21st century, the evolution of Brazilian foreign policy, following the internal political conjectures in Brasilia, impacted not only the bilateral relations with Moscow, but also affected qualitatively its participation in the informal grouping. Political turmoil started in the South American nation in 2013 and the eventual impeachment of Dilma Rousseff in 2016 clearly marked a fundamental change in Brazil’s global orientation. Brazil abandoned its autonomist and soft revisionist stance on global affairs that characterized the Lula da Silva (2003–2010) and Rousseff (2011–2016) presidencies, and embraced a pro-US perspective, which became even more pronounced after the rise of Jair Bolsonaro in 2019. The article also addresses some prospects on possible paths of cooperation between Brasilia and Moscow in the near future and implications for neighboring countries, especially Argentina and Venezuela (the Venezuelan crisis as a factor of BRICS development is also considered).

The Political Implications of COVID-19 for Globalization: Ways to Develop a Global World After the Pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Andrey Volkov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Crisis ◽  
World Order ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
Entire World ◽  
Global World ◽  
Near Future

The article is concerned with analysing the key challenges afflicting the world order. The coronavirus pandemic has hit the entire world order, and only now is humankind beginning to realize its far-reaching consequences. An analysis of expert opinions allows us to conclude that, in the near future, not much of the global balance of power will change, although tensions will rise among the world powers regarding leadership and ‘survival’ in terms of the political and economic crisis of the world system caused by the pandemic. The research results can be used to reinforce the line of international and foreign policy activities, as well as be used in the development of scientific programmes in the field of challenges and alternatives to globalization.

Human Destiny Is a Choice

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Cold War ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
World Order ◽  
Military Spending ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
Global World ◽  
First Time ◽  
Human Destiny

In this chapter, Haq outlines his optimistic outlook for global world order. For him the end of the Cold War had opened up many more choices for the global community. For the first time global military spending was seen to be declining every year. He saw potential to reallocate ODA aid funds, which were previously tilted in favour of cold war allies. For Haq the challenge is to link economic growth as the means to human development as an objective. He stresses on the need to reform institutions of global governance to translate globalization into opportunities for people.

Politics and Kingship in the Historical Books, with Attention to the Role of Political Theory in Interpretation

2020 ◽  
pp. 186-200
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Parsons Miller
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Distributive Justice ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Political Organizations ◽  
Abstract Ideas ◽  
Theological Message

This chapter explores the thesis that the historical narratives of the Hebrew Bible address abstract ideas about politics, government, and law. Taking issue with critics who view the Bible’s spiritual and theological message as incommensurable with political philosophy, the chapter argues that the stories of politics and kingship in the Hebrew Bible’s historical books set forth set forth an impressive political theory that rivals, in some respects, the work of Plato, Aristotle, and other Greek thinkers. The key is to bring out the general ideas behind the specific narrative elements. The chapter illustrates this thesis by examining the Hebrew Bible’s treatment of a number of classic problems of political theory: anarchy, obligation and sovereignty, distributive justice, and the comparative analysis of political organizations.

scholarly journals Toward an intercultural approach to evaluation: A perspective from INEE in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Sylvia Schmelkes
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Indigenous Students ◽  
Item Development ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Indigenous Children ◽  
Near Future

The National Institute for the Evaluation of Education (INEE) in Mexico has begun to meet the challenges in evaluating indigenous children and teachers and the educational programs and policies targeted to them. Several evaluation projects are described in this paper. One is the “Previous, Free and Informed Consultation of Indigenous People,” which focuses on quality of education they receive. A second is the design of a protocol for reducing cultural and linguistic bias in standardized tests, which requires oversampling of indigenous students and the involvement of anthropologists, linguists and indigenous teachers in item development. A third is an indigenous language evaluation for candidates for entry into the teaching profession, which they must pass before they can work in indigenous schools. A fourth is the development of a qualitative instrument for evaluating teacher performance. The instrument asks evaluated teachers to contextualize their planning; scorers decide whether the plan is adapted to the cultural context and the characteristics of the children. The projects described are only a starting point. In the near future, several dilemmas, such as the apparent trade-off between contextualization and quality, have to be faced and solved.

scholarly journals CONTAMPORARY GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT’S FACTORS

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Irina Afanasyeva
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Global Development ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
The World ◽  
World Economic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Global World

At the turn of the third Millennium, significant changes have affected the global world. The contemporary world economy, the world order, international organizational and economic relations are all involved in the intensive process of global development. There is no country in the world that is able to form and implement foreign economic policy without taking into account the behavior of other participants within the world economic system. Scientific and practical analysis of the subject area of the existing research has predetermined the key objective of this article – to determine the factors of contemporary global development.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF MODERN TV-HERO'S MORAL QUALITIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
M. I. Korobko
Keyword(s):  
Mass Culture ◽  
World Order ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
World Crisis ◽  
Moral Boundaries ◽  
Tv Shows ◽  
Teaching Function ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global World

The article is an effort to analyze the image of the modern television hero. Who is he? A hero or a villain? The analysis of modern protagonists is given through ethical and film theories. The problem of clarity of moral boundaries is very important in the light of the trend, which popularizes villains as normal people in modern storytelling, moral boundaries are blurring because of attraction of such heroes. According to Chapman scholars, the functions of modern "bad boy" as an architype are: a) bad boys have the strength to give us freedom at the personal and societal levels; b) a bad boy with a critical view of society can emancipate us on both personal and societal levels; c) bad boy's criticism can lead him to become isolated or withdrawn on a personal level or become a leader of resistance and rebellion on a societal level; d) the comedic bad boy parallels the evils of society and can shed a critical light on what is happening, which in turn can express the need for resistance as well as encourage the individual to retreat from social functions and live in an isolated manner. The complexity of people implies the bad boy limitless in determination because the bad boy appears in many shapes. Many modern heroes in movies and tv-shows are morally ambivalent, they combine features of Hero and Trickster archetypes and become bad boys and girls who question the very essence of our world order. Today there are so many characters like this in mass-culture (tv-series, movies and cartoons) because we live in time of the global world crisis and our culture reflects this, our heroes demonstrate us our problems and try to find a solution. And sometimes the classic understanding of morality can't help us and we are trying to solve the problems through immoral actions. Villains are attractive through their rebellion. Today we can't find clarity of moral boundaries in tv-shows. But it's very important. The influence of series and movies on the young generation is enormous. Cinematography in all forms (cinema and television) is very powerful ethical instrument. And it is not just the mirror of human morality but it has a teaching function too.

Sovereignty and Positivity

Sovereignty ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Hermann Heller
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Judgments

This chapter argues that one can glimpse the nature of sovereignty in the ability to positivize the highest legal rules binding on the community. There is no legal positivity for the authority order of the modern state without sovereignty. The legal derivation and attribution that grounds legal judgments, administrative acts, and legal transactions in the law, and the law in the constitution, inevitably falls into a yawning void if it dissolves the connection between the positivity of law and the sovereignty of the state. The jurist must take as a starting point the fact of sovereignty; otherwise he loses the object of his science—positive law—and will be left hanging in the air with all his science and practice.

scholarly journals Should Judges Make Climate Change Law?

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Burgers
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
Sound Environment ◽  
Judicial Lawmaking ◽  
Near Future

AbstractWhat scholars referred to as a climate change litigation ‘explosion’ in 2015 has today become an established movement which is unlikely to stop in the near future: worldwide, over a thousand lawsuits have been launched regarding responsibility for the dangers of climate change. Since the beginning of this trend in transnational climate litigation scholars have warned that the separation of powers is threatened where judges interfere with the politically hot issue of climate change. This article uses Jürgen Habermas's political theory on deliberative democracy to reconstruct the tension between law and politics generated by these lawsuits. This reconstruction affords a better understanding of the implications of climate change litigation: while the role of the judiciary as such remains unchanged, the trend is likely to influence the democratic legitimacy of judicial lawmaking on climate change, as it indicates an increasing realization that a sound environment is a constitutional value and is therefore a prerequisite for democracy.

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