scholarly journals Macroeconomic Factors Determining the Growth of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol VI (IV) ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
Nighat Hanif ◽  
Irfan Hussain Khan ◽  
Faisal Shahzad
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
External Debt ◽  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
The People ◽  
Military Expenditures ◽  
Trade Education

This study attempts to explore the relation ofExternal Debt, Terms of Trade, Education,Military expenditures, Consumer Price Index, and GrossDomestic Production of Pakistan throughout 1997-2019. Toestimate the targeted objectives of this research AutoRegressive Distributive Lags (ARDL) technique was used. Theresults revealed some facts that Military expenditures andeducation were essential to achieve the goal of the high growthrate of the economy in the form of Gross Domestic Production.So policymakers should adopt strong strategies. Educationshould be as skilled and technical as possible and producemilitary equipment to save foreign exchange. CPI, TOT, andExd should be properly regulated because of their negativeimpact on GDP. CPI affects the people, so fiscal policy shouldbe adopted. Without external debt, governments feel helpless,so breaking this trap is essential for dignity and development.The model has a dampening convergence towards equilibrium

scholarly journals Impact of Macroeconomic Variables on Stock Markets: Evidence from Emerging Markets

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Ramadan Barakat ◽  
Sara H. Elgazzar ◽  
Khaled M. Hanafy
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Macroeconomic Variables ◽  
Market Index ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Shed Light

<p>The key objective of this study is to shed light on the relationship between the stock market and macroeconomic factors in two emerging economies (Egypt and Tunisia) for the period from January 1998 to January 2014. Results indicated that there is a causal relationship in Egypt between market index and consumer price index (CPI), exchange rate, money supply, and interest rate. The same goes for Tunisia except for CPI, which had no causal relationship with the market index. Results also revealed that the four macroeconomic are co-integrated with the stock market in both countries.</p>

scholarly journals US Stock Market And Macroeconomic Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Jareño ◽  
Loredana Negrut
Keyword(s):  
Stock Market ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Relevant Factors

<p>This paper analyzes the relationship between the US stock market and some relevant US macroeconomic factors, such as gross domestic product, the consumer price index, the industrial production index, the unemployment rate and long-term interest rates. All the relevant factors show statistically significant relationships with the stock market except for the consumer price index, and the signs are consistent with the findings of previous literature.</p>

scholarly journals Effect of Exchange Rate, Foreign Exchange Reserves, and Consumer Price Index on the Shariah Shares Index of Asian Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Dolly Tanzil ◽  
◽  
Marlina Widiyanti ◽  
Muhammad Subardin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Stock Index ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Foreign Exchange Reserves ◽  
Operating Income ◽  
The Exchange Rate

Sharia shares are securities proof of equity participation in a company. On the base of this proof of participation shareholders are entitled to a share of income arisen from the company's business. This concept of equity participation with share rights of operating income does not conflict with Sharia principles. This study aimed to analyze the effect of exchange rate, foreign exchange reserves and consumer price index on the Sharia stock index of Asian countries, where the research object was the Islamic stock index of Indonesia, Malaysia, Japan and India. It is known that many factors influence on the stock index movements in a country, including domestic interest rates, foreign exchange rates, international economic conditions, a country's economic cycle, inflation rates, tax regulations, and the money supply. In this study, the authors examine the influence of only three factors – the exchange rate, foreign exchange reserves and consumer price index. The panel data regression method was used for the period of January to December 2019. The results of the regression analysis shown that the variables of exchange rates, foreign exchange reserves and the consumer price index together had a significant effect on the Islamic stock index of Asian countries. The R-squared value was 0.997762, meaning that 99% of the variation in the Islamic stock index of Asian countries could be explained by variations in the variable exchange rates, foreign exchange reserves and the consumer price index. The individual test results show that the exchange rate had a significant negative effect on the Islamic stock index of Asian countries. Meanwhile, foreign exchange reserves and the consumer price index had a significant positive effect on the Islamic stock index of Asian countries.

scholarly journals Econometric estimation of the pension in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
pp. 48-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Karmeliuk ◽  
Svitlana Plaskon ◽  
Halyna Seniv
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
External Debt ◽  
Econometric Models ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Living Wage ◽  
Subsistence Minimum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Minimum Pension

The research paper analyzes the dynamics of minimum and average pensions, minimum wage, living wage, consumer price index, and gross external debt of Ukraine. The causal connections between the minimum pension and the researched parameters are presented in UAH and dollar terms. The necessity of econometric modeling for studying socio-economic indicators of living standards is highlighted. The main trends of the impact of the minimum wage, the living wage, the consumer price index, the gross external debt on the minimum pension are overviewed. The predicted values of the minimum pension in Ukraine in UAH in 2017-2021 are calculated, and the confidence intervals of them with a high degree of confidence are given. The ratio of the minimum pension to the minimum wage in UAH and dollar terms is calculated. The econometric models of the dependencies of minimum pension on the minimum wage are presented in UAH and dollar terms. According to econometric models a rise of the minimum wage is accompanied by a rise of the minimum pension. The econometric models of the dependencies of the minimum pension on the subsistence minimum in UAH and dollar terms are presented. According to the models, a rise of the subsistence minimum is accompanied by an increase in the minimum pension. Also, the econometric models of the dependencies of the minimum pension on the consumer price index in UAH and dollar terms are developed. The econometric models prove that a rise of the inflation rate leads to a rise of the minimum pension. Since 2014 the growth of consumer price index has been accompanied by a rapid decline of the minimum pension in dollar terms. The econometric model which shows the dependence of the consumer price index on the minimum pension is developed in UAH and dollar terms. From the model it follows that an increase of the minimum pension results in higher inflation. The econometric models of the dependencies of the minimum pension on the gross external debt are presented in UAH and dollar terms. It is shown that by 2014, foreign loans in UAH and dollar terms were welcome in order to raise pensions which led to the rapid rise of the latter. In recent years the growth of debt in the UAH slightly affected the growth of the minimum pension in UAH, whereas the growth of debt in dollars led to a significant decline in the minimum pension in dollar terms.

scholarly journals The asymmetric responses of stock prices in US market

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Woan Lin Beh ◽  
Wen Khang Yew
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Price Index ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
The United States ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Dow Jones Industrial Average ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Average Index

Machine learning and data analytics are so popular in making trading much more efficient by helping the investors to identify opportunities and reduce trading costs. Before applying suitable predictive modelling algorithms, it is crucial for investors or policymaker to understand the nature of the stock data properly. This paper investigates the dependency of macroeconomic factors against the stock markets in the United States using the nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) approach. The analysis considered the Dow Jones Industrial Average Index, NASDAQ Composite Index, and S&P 500 Index. Macroeconomic factors in this country such as consumer price index, export, interest rates, money supply, real effective exchange rates, total reserves, and gold price are considered in this study. In the findings, the NARDL approach shows that the Dow Jones Industrial Average Index and S&P500 Index are having bi-directional positive asymmetric effects to each other in the short run. In short-run, increasing the consumer price index is found to have a negative effect on Dow Jones Industrial Average Index but with a positive effect on S&P500 Index. In conclusion, this study aids investors and other market participants in making a more efficient investment decision.

scholarly journals Military Budgets, Underdevelopment and Dependency

Afrika Focus ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Philip Nauwelaerts
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
External Debt ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Internal Organization ◽  
Productivity Rate ◽  
Military Expenditures

Military expenditures are considered to be one of the causes of underdevelopment. This statement is not easy to prove. The article tries to explain that relatively small military expenditures might have large consequences, e.g. on external debt and scarcity of foreign exchange. The problem for Africa is not in the first place the amount of military expenses or external debt, but the low productivity rate which makes repayment difficult. Africa still remains dependent in different economic fields from industrialized countries. The African situation would improve by more stable regimes and a better internal organization of the state, so that natural resources and other activities will really benefit the country.

Effects of Macroeconomic Factors on Gross Domestic Product in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-104
Author(s):  
Sita Khatiwada
Keyword(s):  
Price Index ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Consumer Price Index ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Gdp Growth ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Domestic Credit ◽  
The Relationship

The main aim of this paper has tried to find the effect of macroeconomic factors like trade, population growth rate, domestic credit to private sector, and consumer price index on GDP growth using time series data of the last four decades (1975-2018) of Nepal which has been retrieved from a legitimate source of World Bank. This study has used descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression model to access the relationship between predictors and predictand variables. It has been found that there was no significant relationship between GDP growth and macroeconomic factors. This implies that change in any of the variables did not change GDP growth. The finding of the study has suggested the need for more researches with reliable data to find out the causes of economic growth in Nepal.

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