scholarly journals ON THE THRESHOLD OF VIRTUAL ANATOMY

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-214
Author(s):  
S.N. Sovhyria
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Visual Information ◽  
Comparative Anatomy ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Educational Value ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Bull's Eye

The lack of a sufficient amount of anatomical material in Ukrainian medical universities has led to the fact that medical students have to work with the bodies of long-dead people whose condition is of a low educational value. Therefore, animal organs are becoming increasingly important in teaching anatomical disciplines. For example, when studying the eyeball at the department of human anatomy, a bull's eye is used; organs of pigs and rats (larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, heart, etc.) are used for the purpose of comparative anatomy. Working with the heart of animals, students can learn to suture wounds of the heart using various surgical techniques, perform mitral commissurotomy. To put various types of liver sutures and to perform on liver resection at practical classes, pork or beef liver can be successfully used. Isolated stomach and intestines are indispensable for developing skills of surgical interventions on the hollow organs of the gastrointestinal tract. When studying a human skeleton, it is very helpful to use mock-ups that were obtained using a 3D printer that arouses the interest of students and increases the effectiveness of practical training. In the absence of anatomical material, medical students use the latest computer technology that allows them to study the human body in three dimensions. However, technical means make it possible to obtain only visual information, ignoring the volumetric and spatial characteristics of the objects under study that is their considerable drawback.

scholarly journals A porcine model for teaching surgical cricothyridootomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Antonio Campelo Spencer Netto ◽  
Patricia Zacharias ◽  
Raphael Flavio Fachini Cipriani ◽  
Michael De Mello Constantino ◽  
Michel Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Surgical Technique ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Medical Residents ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Anatomical Correlation

<sec><title>OBJECTIVE:</title><p> To evaluate the acceptability of an educational project using A porcine model of airway for teaching surgical cricothyroidotomy to medical students and medical residents at a university hospital in southern Brazil.</p></sec><sec><title>METHODS:</title><p> we developed a teaching project using a porcine model for training in surgical cricothyroidotomy. Medical students and residents received lectures about this surgical technique and then held practical training with the model. After the procedure, all participants filled out a form about the importance of training in airway handling and the model used.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS:</title><p> There were 63 participants. The overall quality of the porcine model was estimated at 8.8, while the anatomical correlation between the model and the human anatomy received a mean score of 8.5. The model was unanimously approved and considered useful in teaching the procedure.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION:</title><p> the training of surgical cricothyroidotomy with a porcine model showed good acceptance among medical students and residents of this institution.</p></sec>

scholarly journals Trends in surgical and catheter interventions for isolated congenital shunt lesions in the UK and Ireland

Heart ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (14) ◽  
pp. 1103-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehreen Farooqi ◽  
John Stickley ◽  
Rami Dhillon ◽  
David J Barron ◽  
Oliver Stumper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Septal Defect ◽  
Patent Foramen Ovale ◽  
Septal Defect ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Foramen Ovale ◽  
Patient Age ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Patient Âgé ◽  
Duct Ligation ◽  
The Uk

ObjectiveTo evaluate time trends in the use of catheter and surgical procedures, and associated survival in isolated congenital shunt lesions.MethodsNationwide, retrospective observational study of the UK National Congenital Heart Disease Audit database from 2000 to 2016. Patients undergoing surgical or catheter procedures for atrial septal defect (including sinus venosus defect), patent foramen ovale, ventricular septal defect and patent arterial duct were included. Temporal changes in the frequency of procedures, and survival at 30 days and 1 year were determined.Results40 911 procedures were performed, 16 604 surgical operations and 24 307 catheter-based interventions. Transcatheter procedures increased over time, overtaking surgical repair in 2003–2004, while the number of operations remained stable. Trends in interventions differed according to defect type and patient age. Catheter closure of atrial septal defects is now more common in children and adults, although surgical interventions have also increased. Patent foramen ovale closure in adults peaked in 2009–2010 before falling significantly since. Surgery remains the mainstay for ventricular septal defect in infants and children. Duct ligation is most common in neonates and infants, while transcatheter intervention is predominant in older children. Excluding duct ligation, survival following surgery was 99.4% and ≈98.7%, and following catheter interventions was 99.7% and ≈99.2%, at 30 days and 1 year, respectively.ConclusionsTrends in catheter and surgical techniques for isolated congenital shunt lesions plot the evolution of the specialty over the last 16 years, reflecting changes in clinical guidelines, technology, expertise and reimbursement, with distinct patterns according to lesion and patient age.

scholarly journals Minimum Invasive Stabilizing and Decompressive-Stabilizing Methods of Surgical Treatment for Degenerative-Dystrophic Lesions of Spine

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
A V Krut'ko ◽  
Shamil' Al'firovich Akhmet'yanov ◽  
D M Kozlov ◽  
A V Peleganchuk ◽  
A V Bulatov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Comparative Group ◽  
Operative Wound

Results of randomized prospective study with participation of 94 patients aged from 20 to 70 years with monosegmental lumbar spine lesions are presented. Minimum invasive surgical interventions were performed in 55 patients from the main group. Control group consisted of 39 patients in whom decompressive-stabilizing operations via conventional posteromedian approach with skeletization of posterior segments of vertebral column were performed. Average size of operative wound in open interventions more than 10 times exceeded that size in minimum invasive interventions and made up 484 ± 56 and 36 ± 12 sq.cm, respectively. Mean blood loss was 326.6 ± 278.0 ml in the main group and 855.1 ± 512.0 ml in the comparative one. In the main group no one patient required substitution hemotransfusion, while in 13 patients from the comparative group donor erythrocytic mass and/or fresh-frozen plasma were used to eliminate the deficit of blood components. Intensity of pain syndrome in the zone of surgical intervention by visual analog scale in the main group was lower than in comparative group. In the main and comparative groups the duration of hospitalization made up 6.1 ± 2.7 and 9.7 ± 3.7 bed days, respectively. In no one patient from the main group complications in the zone of operative wound were noted. Three patients from the comparative group required secondary debridement and in 1 patient early deep operative wound suppuration was observed. Application of low invasive surgical techniques for the treatment of patients with degenerative lumbar spine lesions enabled to perform radical surgical treatment with minimal iatrogenic injury. The method possessed indubitable advantages over the conventional open operations especially intraoperatively and in early postoperative period.

scholarly journals Radical Dorsal Interventions in Treatment of Kyphotic Deformities (Literature Review)

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
M. V Mikhailovskiy ◽  
V. V Novikov ◽  
I. G Udalov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Vertebral Column ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Vertebral Column Resection ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Ponte Osteotomy ◽  
Spine Deformities

Widely used in clinical practice surgical interventions directed to the correction of severe kyphotic spine deformities, i.e. Ponte osteotomy, Smith-Peterson osteotomy, pedicle subtraction osteotomy and vertebral column resection are presented. Surgical techniques, surgery planning based on spinal and pelvic sagittal contour parameters, treatment results are described.

scholarly journals Program for theoretical and practical training insuture techniques for medical students in the field of plastic surgery at the Federal University of Ceará (UFC)

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
CAIO ALCOBAÇA MARCONDES ◽  
SALUSTIANO GOMES DE PINHO PESSOA ◽  
BRENO BEZERRA GOMES DE PINHO PESSOA ◽  
IANA SILVA DIAS ◽  
MARIA GABRIELA MOTTA GUIMARÃES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Practical Training

Facility Related factors Affecting Academic Performance of Medical Student in Human Anatomy in Bahir Dar University, Northwest Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shibabaw Tedla Tiruneh ◽  
Belta Asnak Abegaz ◽  
Abebe Ayalew Bekel ◽  
Yibeltal Wubale Adamu ◽  
Mengistu Desalegn Kiros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Internet Access ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Large Class Size ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
College Library ◽  
Anatomy Teaching

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to identify college facility related factors affecting medical students’ academic performance in human anatomy course. Result: A total of 120 study participants were included in the study. Off which 81 (67.5%) were male while 39 (32.5%) were females. Dormitory crowdedness (AOR 3.16 (95% CI: 2.01-.83, p= 0.11), large class size (AOR = 2.36; 95%CI: 1.11- 4.64 p = 0.005), inadequate classroom facilities (AOR = 1.56; 95%CI: 1.51-4.91, p = 0.001), low internet access (AOR = 1.99; 95%CI: 1.07-3.22, p = 0.015) and inadequate anatomy teaching model (AOR = 2.63; 95%CI: 1.17 - 6.12, p =0.003) were significantly associated with low performance in human anatomy course exam. However, college library (AOR = 0.23; 95%CI: 0.1-0.48 p = 0.061) did not showed significant association with academic performance (p = 0.61). As a conclusion, dormitory crowdedness, large class size, inadequate classroom facilities, low internet access and inadequate anatomy-teaching models were independent factors, which affect performance of medical students in human anatomy course exam. However, there was no significant association between college library and performance of study participants in human anatomy course exam.

scholarly journals Specialty choice determinants among Mexican medical students: a cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Gutiérrez-Cirlos ◽  
J. Jesús Naveja ◽  
Manuel García-Minjares ◽  
Adrián Martínez-González ◽  
Melchor Sánchez-Mendiola
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Specialty Choice ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Gynecology And Obstetrics

Abstract Background The choice of medical specialty is related to multiple factors, students’ values, and specialty perceptions. Research in this area is needed in low- and middle-income countries, where the alignment of specialty training with national healthcare needs has a complex local interdependency. The study aimed to identify factors that influence specialty choice among medical students. Methods Senior students at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM) Faculty of Medicine answered a questionnaire covering demographics, personal experiences, vocational features, and other factors related to specialty choice. Chi-square tests and factor analyses were performed. Results The questionnaire was applied to 714 fifth-year students, and 697 provided complete responses (response rate 81%). The instrument Cronbach’s alpha was 0.8. The mean age was 24 ± 1 years; 65% were women. Eighty percent of the students wanted to specialize, and 60% had participated in congresses related to the specialty of interest. Only 5% wanted to remain as general practitioners. The majority (80%) wanted to enter a core specialty: internal medicine (29%), general surgery (24%), pediatrics (11%), gynecology and obstetrics (11%) and family medicine (4%). The relevant variables for specialty choice were grouped in three dimensions: personal values that develop and change during undergraduate training, career needs to be satisfied, and perception of specialty characteristics. Conclusions Specialty choice of medical students in a middle-income country public university is influenced by the undergraduate experience, the desire to study a subspecialty and other factors (including having skills related to the specialty and type of patients).

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