scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTORS CAUSING FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY IN YOUNG CHILDREN IN LVIV OBLAST

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
O.I. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Social History ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Food Hypersensitivity ◽  
General Information ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Wide Range

Food hypersensitivity in young children is a quite pressing issue as it encompasses a wide range of clinical symptoms and requires a patient-centred approach in diagnosis, therapy and selecting preventive measures. A progressive increase in different forms of food hypersensitivity is associated with many factors, and, in particularly, with malnutrition and harmful environmental impact. Epigenetic and genetic factors, which potentially can be related to food hypersensitivity and allergy, are being thoroughly studied. In such a complex context, the detection of risk factors for the disease development is of great importance as taking them into account the healthcare professionals can offer proper recommendations on diet, living conditions, and lifestyle. The aim of this research is to perform analysis of factors, which can result in the development of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast. The study of the prevalence of food intolerance in children was conducted by using a special questionnaire. 4500 questionnaires were distributed in pre-school and medical settings to question parents. The questionnaire included 34 questions grouped into four sections: general information and health details in parts A, B, and C. The section of general information included questions about the region where the child resided, personal data of a child (age, sex) and presence of serious disease (either past or present). Part A had questions about serious past or present diseases; part B covered information about the child’s family and its social history; part C included questions about the environment and living conditions of a child, as well as dietary habits and their relation to the development of clinical symptoms of the disease. Analysis of 3214 questionnaires providing information from parents on anamnesis and living conditions of young children was carried out. Values of 56 factors were analyzed with further calculation of correlation coefficients regarding the development of food hypersensitivity for each of them. Statistical analysis enabled to distinguish 15 signs among these factors that significantly correlated with the formation of food hypersensitivity in young children. This investigation enabled not only to detect factors that can affect the development of food hypersensitivity in young children, but also to suggest a mathematical model for customized calculation of risk factors to this pathology. Data of mathematical analysis performed can be used for elaborating the integrated complex of measures aimed at preventing the development of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast.

scholarly journals Analysis of factors causing appearance of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Food Hypersensitivity ◽  
General Information ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Wide Range

Food hypersensitivity in young children is a topical issue, since it encompasses a wide range of clinical symptoms and requires a personified approach in diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures. A progressive increase in different forms of food hypersensitivity is associated with many factors, particularly malnutrition and harmful ecological conditions. Epigenetic and genetic factors, which potentially can be related to food hypersensitivity and allergy, are being thoroughly studied. In this complex situation, the detection of risk factors for disease development is important for offering patients proper recommendations on diet, living conditions and lifestyle. Aim of the research: to perform analysis of factors, which cause appearance of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast. Materials and methods. A study of the number of children with food intolerance was conducted using a specially compiled questionnaire. Thus, 4500 questionnaires were distributed in pre-school and medical establishments to question parents. The questionnaire had 34 questions that were grouped into four parts: general information and detailed information in parts A, B, and C. The general information part of the questionnaire included questions about the region where the child lived, passport data of the child (age, gender) and presence of serious disease (either past or present). Part A had questions about serious diseases that a child had suffered; part B asked about the child’s genealogical and medical history and presence of harmful habits in the family; part C had questions about the environment and living conditions of the child, as well as nutrition and its relation to the development of clinical symptoms of disease. Results. Analysis of 3214 questionnaires was conducted, which enabled to obtain information from parents on anamnesis and living conditions of young children. Values of 56 factors were analyzed, calculating correlation coefficients with a formation of food hypersensitivity for each of them. Statistical analysis allowed distinguishing 15 signs among these factors, which significantly correlated with the formation of food hypersensitivity in young children. Conclusions. The investigation enabled not only to detect factors that affect formation of food hypersensitivity in young children, but also to suggest a mathematical model of individual calculation of risk factors for this pathology. Data of conducted mathematical analysis can be used for elaboration of a complex of prophylaxis measures on development of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast.

scholarly journals Effect of regional living conditions on middle-term cardiovascular outcomes: data from prospective stage of the ESSE-RF study

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 2965
Author(s):  
S. A. Maksimov ◽  
S. A. Shalnova ◽  
V. A. Kutsenko ◽  
Yu. A. Balanova ◽  
G. A. Muromtseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Composite Endpoint ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Cardiovascular Death ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Middle Term ◽  
Wide Range

Aim. To assess regional living conditions with cardiovascular outcomes based on prospective stage of the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and their Risk Factors in Regions of Russian Federation (ESSE-RF) study.Material and methods. We used data from a 3- and 5-year prospective stage of the ESSE-RF study (2012-2013). For initial screening, 16210 people aged 25-64 were included. To characterize the regions of residence, 5 regional indices (RIs) were used. The following endpoints were considered: cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, composite endpoint (cardiovascular death + myocardial infarction + stroke). To assess the correlations, generalized estimating equations with nested data structure (individuals in the regions) were used. The studied associations were adjusted for a wide range of potential effect modifiers.Results. There are multiple direct associations of RIs with the likelihood of all endpoints. The exception was the reverse association of Industrial RI with cardiovascular death. The most stable associations regarded Mixed RI, Industrial RI and Socio-geographical RI, with a high RI significance in endpoint development, compared with well-known individual cardiovascular risk factors. Separate associations were noted for Economic RI and Demographic RI.Conclusion. The results indicate a significant contribution of a number of regional living conditions to individual risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular outcomes.

scholarly journals Early life triggers for food allergy, that in turn impacts dietary habits in childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Emilia Vassilopoulou ◽  
Elisabeth Vardaka ◽  
Dimitris Efthymiou ◽  
Constantinos Pitsios
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Family Health ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Food Hypersensitivity ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Latex Gloves

Introduction and objectives: In order to investigate food allergy’s prevalence, risk factors and eating behavior of children with relevant anamnesis, a study was performed in Cypriot primary schools.Patients: A specially composed questionnaire for self-reported adverse reactions to food, cre-ated in the context of the EuroPrevall study, was distributed in 13 representative primary schools across the country. Participants were sub-grouped into three groups; healthy (H), those with unconfirmed food hypersensitivity reactions (FA−) and children with a confirmed diagnosis by a physician IgE-mediated food allergy (FA+). Food habits, family health history and lifestyle factors were assessed and groups’ outcomes were compared with each other.Results: For the study, 202 questionnaires were completed and returned; 31 children (19 FA-and 12 FA+) reported an adverse food reaction. Significant risk factors for developing FA+ were being the first born or having siblings with asthma, attended a day nursery, but also maternal alcohol drinking during pregnancy, parental smoking and parental occupation in food processing or use of latex gloves. The presence of children in the kitchen during cooking showed a protective role. Dietary habits of FA+ children were significantly diminished in terms of variety and frequency of consumption in comparison to the rest, in which had a greater overlap. Conclusion: Further research is required for the interesting risk or protective factors revealing from the current investigation. The negative effect of food allergy in the dietary habits of food allergic children documented in the literature, is strongly supported herein.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic Pressure and Lifestyle are the Underlying Cause of Pandemic Chronic Diseases

2019 ◽  
pp. 233-243
Author(s):  
Dimitris Tsoukalas ◽  
Evangelia Sarandi ◽  
Aristides Tsatsakis ◽  
Daniela Calina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure

Dramatic changes in the environment in recent decades have resulted in low-nutrient food and excessive intake of heavy metals and toxins through air, drinking water, and dietary habits. Non-communicable diseases (NCD), which are responsible for almost 70% of global deaths, are mainly caused by modifiable risk factors. These include behavioral and metabolic risk factors such as unhealthy diet, tobacco smoke and alcohol. Epigenetic factors have high attributable risks of 80% for most NCDs. Xenobiotics such as persistent organic pollutants, food additives and occupational toxicants, together with nutritional deficiencies, contribute to the development of chronic diseases. Precision medicine integrates the individual variability in genes, environment, and lifestyle of each person for the prevention and treatment of disease. Metabolomics, the quantitative and comprehensive evaluation of metabolites, has emerged as a novel and powerful tool in precision medicine. Analysis of metabolites gives precise data on nutritional deficiencies, metabolic imbalances, environmental toxins, and microbiome conditions and uncovers underlying genetic predispositions that can be modified through diet, lifestyle, supplements or medications. Critical signs of systemic dysfunction at the molecular level can be revealed years before clinical symptoms appear. Thus, through the assessment of the overall health status, early detection of diseases and intervention to restore these deficiencies is feasible. Lifestyle interventions to improve longevity and metabolic balance are being discussed

Lymphadenopathies in pediatric practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
O. I. PIKUSA ◽  
◽  
E. A. SAMORODNOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
General Information ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Wide Range

The purpose — to present the information on the main causes of lymphadenopathies in children and the stages of differential-diagnostic search which complicate diagnosing and determining the treatment tactics. Material and methods. Analysis of literature data on lymphadenopathies in children, features of clinical manifestations under tumorous and non-tumorous etiology of the disease, and approaches to differential diagnostics. Results. The article presents the general information on etiology and classification of the characteristic clinical symptoms of lymphadenopathies in children, which are necessary for a pediatrician to determining the treatment tactics of a patient with this pathology. Conclusion. For duly diagnosing a child with lymphadenopathy, a pediatrician should be aware of a wide range of nosologies and be attentive to any detail of the case history, clinical picture and laboratory examination data, as it may influence not only the treatment efficiency but even life forecast for the patient.

Winter birth, urbanicity and immigrant status predict psychometric schizotypy dimensions in adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mimarakis ◽  
T. Roumeliotaki ◽  
P. Roussos ◽  
S.G. Giakoumaki ◽  
P. Bitsios
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Continuum Hypothesis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Immigrant Status ◽  
Paranoid Ideation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Epidemiological Risk

AbstractBackgroundUrbanicity, immigration and winter-birth are stable epidemiological risk factors for schizophrenia, but their relationship to schizotypy is unknown. This is a first examination of the association of these epidemiological risk factors with positive schizotypy, in nonclinical adolescents, controlling for a range of potential and known confounders.MethodsWe collected socio-demographics, life-style, family and school circumstances, positive schizotypy dimensions and other personality traits from 445 high school pupils (192 males, 158 immigrants) from 9 municipalities in Athens and Heraklion, Greece, which covered a range of host population and migrant densities. Using multivariate hierarchical linear regressions models, we estimated the association of schizotypy dimensions with: (1) demographics of a priori interest (winter-birth, immigrant status, urban characteristics), including family financial and mental health status; (2) factors resulting from principal component analysis (PCA) of the demographic and personal data; (3) factors resulting from PCA of the personality questionnaires.ResultsAdolescent women scored higher on schizotypy than men. High anxiety/neuroticism was the most consistent and significant predictor of all schizotypy dimensions in both sexes. In the fully adjusted models, urbanicity predicted magical thinking and unusual experiences in women, while winter-birth and immigration predicted paranoid ideation and unusual experiences respectively in men.ConclusionsThese results support the continuum hypothesis and offer potential insights in the nature of risk conferred by winter-birth, urbanicity and immigration and the nature of important sex differences. Controlling for a wide range of potential confounding factors increases the robustness of these results and confidence that these were not spurious associations.

scholarly journals Servants in Russian Zemstvo Hospitals in the Second Half of the XIX – Early XX Centuries

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Zhukova Anastasia E. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Financial Reports ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Service Staff ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Range Of Functions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Working And Living Conditions

The article studies professional structure and position of the service staff of zemstvo (county) hospitals in post-reform Russia. The relevance of the subject arises from the lack of historical research aimed at studying such a group of employees of zemstvo hospitals as servants. Recognizing the importance of this category of workers for the effective functioning of medical institutions, as well as fragmentary coverage of this topic in Russian historiography, the author sets the goal of studying the zemstvo hospital serving staff in Russia in the 1860s – 1900s. The study is based on a wide range of sources, including financial reports of the hospitals, proceedings of the county sessions, medical congresses. These sources contain information on the material situation, living conditions and activities of the servants. Using the methods of social history and everyday life history, an analysis of the main characteristics of this group of medical institutions staff is carried out. As a result, the professional categories of servants, existing during the period under review were identified: they include nurses, servants/maids, cooks, watchmen, laundresses, stokers, etc. The article characterizes the serving staff of the hospitals. Moreover, the study observes material factors, such as salaries and living conditions of employees, which were one of the most critical problems for both employees and employers. Low salary, lack of acceptable working and living conditions, implementation of a wide range of functions that often go beyond direct duties – all this made the servants’ position in zemstvo hospitals extremely unfavorable. This could not but affect hospitals organization, the quality of patient care and keeping conditions. Contemporaries drew attention to the existing problems by raising these issues at the county meetings and doctors’ congresses, calling for better work and living conditions for the servants. However, no significant changes or improvements were made in the post-reform period. Keywords: servants, service staff, zemstvo hospitals, history of medicine, Russian Empire

scholarly journals A protocol for a systematic review of behaviour change techniques used in the context of stillbirth prevention

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Tamara Escañuela Sanchez ◽  
Molly Byrne ◽  
Sarah Meaney ◽  
Keelin O'Donoghue ◽  
Karen Matvienko-Sikar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
General Information ◽  
High Income ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Stillbirth is a devastating pregnancy outcome that affects approximately 3.5 per 1000 births in high-income countries. Previous research has highlighted the importance of focusing prevention efforts on targeting risk factors and vulnerable groups. A wide range of risk factors has been associated with stillbirth before, including maternal behaviours such as back sleep position, smoking, alcohol intake, illicit drug use, and inadequate attendance at antenatal care. Given the modifiable nature of these risk factors, there has been an increase in the design of behaviour change interventions targeting such behaviours to reduce the risk of stillbirth. Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify all behavioural interventions with a behavioural component designed and trialled for the prevention of stillbirth in high-income countries, and to identify the behaviour change techniques (BCTs) used in such interventions using the Behaviour Change Techniques Taxonomy V1 (BCTTv1). Inclusion criteria: Interventions will be included in this review if they (1) have the objective of reducing stillbirth rates with a focus on behavioural risk factors; (2) are implemented in high-income countries; (3) target pregnant women or women of childbearing age; and (4) are published in research articles. Methods: A systematic search of the literature will be conducted. The results of the search will be screened against our inclusion criteria by two authors. The following data items will be extracted from the selected papers: general information, study characteristics, participant and intervention/approach details. The Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care (EPOC) risk of bias criteria will be used to assess the methodological quality of included studies. Intervention content will be coded for BCTs as present (+) or absent (-) by two authors using the BCTTv1, discrepancies will be discussed with a third author. A narrative synthesis approach will be used to present the results of this systematic review.

Measurements method of the audio recordings acoustic quality indicator prepared for registration and processing in the Unified Biometric System

2019 ◽  
pp. 40-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Savchenko ◽  
A.V. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Digital Processing ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Acoustic Measurements ◽  
Pitch Frequency ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Automated Quality Control

We consider the task of automated quality control of sound recordings containing voice samples of individuals. It is shown that in this task the most acute is the small sample size. In order to overcome this problem, we propose the novel method of acoustic measurements based on relative stability of the pitch frequency within a voice sample of short duration. An example of its practical implementation using aninter-periodic accumulation of a speech signal is considered. An experimental study with specially developed software provides statistical estimates of the effectiveness of the proposed method in noisy environments. It is shown that this method rejects the audio recording as unsuitable for a voice biometric identification with a probability of 0,95 or more for a signal to noise ratio below 15 dB. The obtained results are intended for use in the development of new and modifying existing systems of collecting and automated quality control of biometric personal data. The article is intended for a wide range of specialists in the field of acoustic measurements and digital processing of speech signals, as well as for practitioners who organize the work of authorized organizations in preparing for registration samples of biometric personal data.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document