Lymphadenopathies in pediatric practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
O. I. PIKUSA ◽  
◽  
E. A. SAMORODNOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
General Information ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Wide Range

The purpose — to present the information on the main causes of lymphadenopathies in children and the stages of differential-diagnostic search which complicate diagnosing and determining the treatment tactics. Material and methods. Analysis of literature data on lymphadenopathies in children, features of clinical manifestations under tumorous and non-tumorous etiology of the disease, and approaches to differential diagnostics. Results. The article presents the general information on etiology and classification of the characteristic clinical symptoms of lymphadenopathies in children, which are necessary for a pediatrician to determining the treatment tactics of a patient with this pathology. Conclusion. For duly diagnosing a child with lymphadenopathy, a pediatrician should be aware of a wide range of nosologies and be attentive to any detail of the case history, clinical picture and laboratory examination data, as it may influence not only the treatment efficiency but even life forecast for the patient.

scholarly journals Retrospective study of clinical profile and outcome of pediatric dengue cases in a teaching hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Alok Kumar M. K. ◽  
Timmangouda R. Patil ◽  
Santhosh Veerabadhraiah
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Severe Dengue ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Dengue fever is an acute febrile illness caused by 4 closely related viral serotypes of the genus Flavivirus. Dengue has a broad range of clinical manifestations and often with unpredictable clinical evaluation and outcome. So this study has been done to see the wide range of clinical presentation of dengue and its outcome.Methods: It is a retrospective study done in tertiary hospital during the period of 8 months. Study was done by collecting the previous records from hospital record section. There were 48 cases of serologically confirmed cases of dengue which satisfied the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in the study. Results: In our study there were 52% of the cases of dengue fever, 16.6% of cases were dengue fever with warning signs and remaining 31.4% of patients were severe dengue. Common Clinical symptoms at admission were fever (100%), vomiting (77%), respiratory distress (56.25%), generalised weakness (54.1%) and pain abdomen (33.3%). Less common symptoms were loose stools (6.25%), periorbital puffiness (6.25%), altered sensorium (4.1%), oliguria (2%) and bleeding manifestations (2%). Out of these dengue children 70.8% of these children improved without complication, 20.8 % of children improved with complication, in the form of ARDS, acute liver failure, DSS, meningitis, 6.25 % of these children went DAMA and  2 % of children expired.Conclusions: In our study atypical presentations like respiratory distress, loose stools meningitis were commonly noted and bleeding manifestation at admission was rare in our study. Platelet transfusions have little role in management of dengue patients. Early diagnosis, careful monitoring and proper fluid management goes a long way in reducing the mortality due to dengue hemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome.  

scholarly journals A case of urticaria multiforme with unusual presentation

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1946
Author(s):  
Mohammad S. Alkhowailed
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Erythema Multiforme ◽  
Case History ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Urticarial Vasculitis ◽  
Wide Range

Urticaria multiforme is a condition which manifests as acute, polycyclic, annular oedematous pink plaques with an ecchymosis hue that is associated with acral edema. The condition is often misdiagnosed as erythema multiforme, serum-sickness-like reactions, or urticarial vasculitis. Author present a case of acute annular urticaria in a 3-year-old girl who presented with unusual clinical manifestations of the condition. Through this case report, Author aim to emphasize the wide range of morphologic manifestations that can be seen in urticaria multiforme. This can assist pediatric physicians to differentiate urticaria multiforme from other clinical dermatologic conditions and prevent misdiagnosis. A detailed case history and physical examination, along with relevant diagnostic tests can enable prompt and effective management of the condition.

scholarly journals Analysis of factors causing appearance of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Food Hypersensitivity ◽  
General Information ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Complex Situation ◽  
Wide Range

Food hypersensitivity in young children is a topical issue, since it encompasses a wide range of clinical symptoms and requires a personified approach in diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures. A progressive increase in different forms of food hypersensitivity is associated with many factors, particularly malnutrition and harmful ecological conditions. Epigenetic and genetic factors, which potentially can be related to food hypersensitivity and allergy, are being thoroughly studied. In this complex situation, the detection of risk factors for disease development is important for offering patients proper recommendations on diet, living conditions and lifestyle. Aim of the research: to perform analysis of factors, which cause appearance of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast. Materials and methods. A study of the number of children with food intolerance was conducted using a specially compiled questionnaire. Thus, 4500 questionnaires were distributed in pre-school and medical establishments to question parents. The questionnaire had 34 questions that were grouped into four parts: general information and detailed information in parts A, B, and C. The general information part of the questionnaire included questions about the region where the child lived, passport data of the child (age, gender) and presence of serious disease (either past or present). Part A had questions about serious diseases that a child had suffered; part B asked about the child’s genealogical and medical history and presence of harmful habits in the family; part C had questions about the environment and living conditions of the child, as well as nutrition and its relation to the development of clinical symptoms of disease. Results. Analysis of 3214 questionnaires was conducted, which enabled to obtain information from parents on anamnesis and living conditions of young children. Values of 56 factors were analyzed, calculating correlation coefficients with a formation of food hypersensitivity for each of them. Statistical analysis allowed distinguishing 15 signs among these factors, which significantly correlated with the formation of food hypersensitivity in young children. Conclusions. The investigation enabled not only to detect factors that affect formation of food hypersensitivity in young children, but also to suggest a mathematical model of individual calculation of risk factors for this pathology. Data of conducted mathematical analysis can be used for elaboration of a complex of prophylaxis measures on development of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast.

Vitamins in Human Health

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Parkhomenko ◽  
◽  
G.V. Donchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
General Information ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Modern Classification ◽  
History Of ◽  
Fat Soluble Vitamins ◽  
And Storage

The book describes the history of the discovery of vitamins, presents modern ideas about the properties of vitamins and their importance for humans as essential nutritional factors. General information is provided about the modern classification of vitamins, physicochemical and biological properties of water- and fat-soluble vitamins and vitamin-like compounds, their role in metabolism and, in general, in human health. The causes of hypovitaminosis are analyzed, advice is given on their prevention and storage of vitamins in food. The book is intended for specialists in the field of biology, medicine, as well as for a wide range of readers, including teachers, students and other people interested in health issues.

scholarly journals Revised classification of histiocytoses and neoplasms of the macrophage-dendritic cell lineages

Blood ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 127 (22) ◽  
pp. 2672-2681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-François Emile ◽  
Oussama Abla ◽  
Sylvie Fraitag ◽  
Annacarin Horne ◽  
Julien Haroche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cell ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Rare Disorders ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Rosai Dorfman Disease ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Guidelines And Recommendations

Abstract The histiocytoses are rare disorders characterized by the accumulation of macrophage, dendritic cell, or monocyte-derived cells in various tissues and organs of children and adults. More than 100 different subtypes have been described, with a wide range of clinical manifestations, presentations, and histologies. Since the first classification in 1987, a number of new findings regarding the cellular origins, molecular pathology, and clinical features of histiocytic disorders have been identified. We propose herein a revision of the classification of histiocytoses based on histology, phenotype, molecular alterations, and clinical and imaging characteristics. This revised classification system consists of 5 groups of diseases: (1) Langerhans-related, (2) cutaneous and mucocutaneous, and (3) malignant histiocytoses as well as (4) Rosai-Dorfman disease and (5) hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and macrophage activation syndrome. Herein, we provide guidelines and recommendations for diagnoses of these disorders.

scholarly journals ECMO Rescues Patients With Acute Respiratory Failure Related to GPA

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongjun Wan ◽  
Wenzhe Yang ◽  
Xinhua Ma ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Pinhua Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Acute Respiratory Failure ◽  
Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Threatening

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a subtype of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis with a wide range of clinical symptoms related to the systemic involvement of small blood vessels. The respiratory system is one of the most frequently involved, and life-threatening acute respiratory failure could occur due to diffusive alveolar hemorrhage and tracheal stenosis. When maximum mechanical ventilation is unable to maintain oxygenation, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) should be considered as the final respiratory supportive method, if available. Here we present a 32-year-old male patient with acute respiratory failure (ARF) related to GPA, who was rescued by winning time for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Additionally, we reviewed more than 60 GPA-related ARF cases on multiple online databases, summarized the clinical manifestations of these patients, and concluded that ECMO plays an important role in further respiratory support for ARF patients with GPA and assists in accurate and timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment, thus helping them recuperate.

scholarly journals Metabolomic/lipidomic profiling of COVID-19 and individual response to tocilizumab

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. e1009243
Author(s):  
Gaia Meoni ◽  
Veronica Ghini ◽  
Laura Maggi ◽  
Alessia Vignoli ◽  
Alessio Mazzoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Individual Response ◽  
Intensive Care Treatment ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Human Response ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Partial Reversion ◽  
Age And Sex

The current pandemic emergence of novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses a relevant threat to global health. SARS-CoV-2 infection is characterized by a wide range of clinical manifestations, ranging from absence of symptoms to severe forms that need intensive care treatment. Here, plasma-EDTA samples of 30 patients compared with age- and sex-matched controls were analyzed via untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics and lipidomics. With the same approach, the effect of tocilizumab administration was evaluated in a subset of patients. Despite the heterogeneity of the clinical symptoms, COVID-19 patients are characterized by common plasma metabolomic and lipidomic signatures (91.7% and 87.5% accuracy, respectively, when compared to controls). Tocilizumab treatment resulted in at least partial reversion of the metabolic alterations due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, NMR-based metabolomic and lipidomic profiling provides novel insights into the pathophysiological mechanism of human response to SARS-CoV-2 infection and to monitor treatment outcomes.

scholarly journals Practical aspects of Lyme disease in children

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
N.V. Banadyha ◽  
◽  
I.O. Rogalskyy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Conflict Of Interest ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Key Words Lyme Disease ◽  
The Moment

Lyme disease is especially important in the spring–autumn period, despite the fact that its clinical manifestations may be throughout the year. Awareness of general practitioners with this problem is insufficient, it requires additional knowledge about diagnosis and treatment. In pediatric practice, the fact of a child being bitten by an Ixodes mite that carries the causative agent of Lyme borreliosis, in addition to babesiosis, anaplasmosis, often goes unnoticed. Therefore, parents seek medical help only when various problems arise, often the thought of Lyme disease does not even arise. Lyme disease has a wide polymorphism of clinical symptoms, is characterized by multisystem lesions, cyclical course — all this complicates the diagnostic search. The difficulty also lies in the fact that there are no domestic clinical recommendations. This publication presents approaches to the diagnosis, treatment, prevention of Lyme disease based on the experience of experts from different countries. Modern approaches to two-stage laboratory diagnostics, tactics of patient management from the moment of bite, treatment at different stages of Lyme borreliosis are analyzed. Attention is paid to the need for epidemiological research in Ukraine and the beginning of educational programs to prevent the disease. The differentiated approach to the treatment of Lyme disease in children due to age aspects, concomitant pathology, safety of long_term antibacterial therapy should be studied more. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: Lyme disease, children, diagnosis, treatment, prevention.

Paediatric anaphylaxis: unresolved issues of diagnosis and patient management

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Vladislavovna Esakova ◽  
Alexander Nikolaevich Pampura
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Patient Management ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
Correct Treatment ◽  
Systemic Reactions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Age Dependent

There is a widespread trend of increasing the incidence of anaphylaxis among children. Children suffering from anaphylaxis represent a complex and ambiguous group of patients. The factors that cause difficulties in diagnosing anaphylaxis in children are: a wide range of triggers; unpredictability of the nature, severity of clinical symptoms of systemic reactions and their age-dependent interpretation. The first anaphylactic reaction always stuns parents and medical staff, which leads to a subjective description of the anamnesis and a delay in making a diagnosis and prescribing the correct treatment. For this group of patients, such problems as the lack of available diagnostic tests for verifying the diagnosis of anaphylaxis, the restriction of standard doses of epinephrine autoinjectors, the lack of predictors of the occurrence and severity of systemic allergic reactions continue to be relevant. The article is devoted to the most urgent difficulties and features of managing patients with anaphylaxis in pediatric practice and discussing possible prospects and ways to solve them.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF FACTORS CAUSING FOOD HYPERSENSITIVITY IN YOUNG CHILDREN IN LVIV OBLAST

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-81
Author(s):  
O.I. Matsyura
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Social History ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Food Hypersensitivity ◽  
General Information ◽  
Living Conditions ◽  
Wide Range

Food hypersensitivity in young children is a quite pressing issue as it encompasses a wide range of clinical symptoms and requires a patient-centred approach in diagnosis, therapy and selecting preventive measures. A progressive increase in different forms of food hypersensitivity is associated with many factors, and, in particularly, with malnutrition and harmful environmental impact. Epigenetic and genetic factors, which potentially can be related to food hypersensitivity and allergy, are being thoroughly studied. In such a complex context, the detection of risk factors for the disease development is of great importance as taking them into account the healthcare professionals can offer proper recommendations on diet, living conditions, and lifestyle. The aim of this research is to perform analysis of factors, which can result in the development of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast. The study of the prevalence of food intolerance in children was conducted by using a special questionnaire. 4500 questionnaires were distributed in pre-school and medical settings to question parents. The questionnaire included 34 questions grouped into four sections: general information and health details in parts A, B, and C. The section of general information included questions about the region where the child resided, personal data of a child (age, sex) and presence of serious disease (either past or present). Part A had questions about serious past or present diseases; part B covered information about the child’s family and its social history; part C included questions about the environment and living conditions of a child, as well as dietary habits and their relation to the development of clinical symptoms of the disease. Analysis of 3214 questionnaires providing information from parents on anamnesis and living conditions of young children was carried out. Values of 56 factors were analyzed with further calculation of correlation coefficients regarding the development of food hypersensitivity for each of them. Statistical analysis enabled to distinguish 15 signs among these factors that significantly correlated with the formation of food hypersensitivity in young children. This investigation enabled not only to detect factors that can affect the development of food hypersensitivity in young children, but also to suggest a mathematical model for customized calculation of risk factors to this pathology. Data of mathematical analysis performed can be used for elaborating the integrated complex of measures aimed at preventing the development of food hypersensitivity in young children in Lviv oblast.

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