scholarly journals Gonial Angle by Lateral Cephalogram in Orthodontic Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (237) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Bajracharya ◽  
Anjana Rajbhandari ◽  
Resina Pradhan ◽  
Pushkar Manandhar ◽  
Surendra Maharjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: The Gonial angle is an important parameter of the craniofacial complex for growth Patterns prediction. The gonial angle on lateral cephalometric radiograph represents the mandibular morphology concerning mandibular body and ramus. The objective of this study was to find out the mean value of gonial angle in lateral cephalometric radiographs of patients of orthodontic department in a tertiary care center. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients from the Department of Orthodontics at People’s Dental College and Hospital between 8th December 2020 to 8th February 2021 at People’s Dental College and Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal after obtaining Ethical approval (Reference Number. 01, CH100 09,2077/2078) by the Institutional Review Committee. A convenience sampling technique was used to collect 166 pre-treatment lateral cephalograms radiographs of patients between 17-30 years. Data were collected and entered using Statistical Package of Social Science 16. Results: The mean value of gonial angle on lateral cephalogram radiographs was 132.84±3.70 in hyperdivergent, 119.94±5.57 in hypodivergent and 124.06±3.88 in normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns and between male and female were 132.52±4.32, 133.07±3.28 in hyperdivergent, 121.46±3.78, 119.14±6.42 in hypodivergent and 123.74±5.14, 123.94±3.90 in normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns of Orthodontic Patients. Conclusions: The gonial angle value on lateral cephalometric radiographs was greater in hyperdivergent than hypodivergent and normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns. The hyperdivergent vertical skeletal pattern of female was greater than of male patient’s lateral cephalometric radiographs while hypodivergent and normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns of males were greater than female lateral cephalogram radiographs of Nepalese orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals GONIAL ANGLE DETERMINATION; A COMPARISON BETWEEN LATERAL CEPHALOGRAM AND BOTH HEMISPHERES OF ORTHOPANTOMOGRAM

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1460-63
Author(s):  
Mehwish Khan ◽  
Faheem Nake Akhtar ◽  
Abdullah Jan ◽  
Fatima Hamid ◽  
Sana Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Posterior Border ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To evaluate the mean values of Genial angle measured by Lateral cephalogram and Orthopantomogram. Study Design: comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, from Aug 2018 to Feb 2019. Methodology: Patients irrespective of gender between the ages of 13-20 who reported for the treatment of class I malocclusion with complete anterior dentition were included. Orthopantomogram and lateral cephalogram were drawn by the same person. Gonial angle on orthopantomogram was measured by drawing tangents on posterior border of ramus and lower border of mandible on both halves of orthopantomogram. On lateral cephalogram the angle was measured between ramus and mandible. Gonial angle measured from lateral cephalogram and orthopantomogram were compared. T-test was applied. Results: Mean age of the individuals was 18.33 ± 3.97 years. The mean gonial angle measured on lateral cephalogram was 122.66 ± 1.64 degrees while the mean gonial angle measured on right and left side of orthopantomogram was 122.41 ± 1.56 degrees and 122.33 ± 1.55 degrees respectively. Conclusion: Orthopantomogram can also be used to measure gonial angle as accurately as a lateral cephalogram with the advantage that there are no superimpositions and both the gonial angles can be measured simultaneously on orthopantomogram.

scholarly journals Digital Radiographic Study of Gonial angle in Forensic Odontology in a Tertiary Care Centre: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (236) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritesh Srii ◽  
Sushmit Koju ◽  
Swagat Kumar Mahanta ◽  
Vinay Marla ◽  
Deepa Niroula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Panoramic Radiograph ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Skeletal Malocclusion ◽  
Angle Measurements ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Gonial angle measurements serve as an important parameter of the craniofacial complex and are usually studied on lateral cephalograms, but recently panoramic radiographs have also been used. The aim of this study is to measure the gonial angle using orthopantomogram and lateral cephalogram based on age, gender, ethnicity, and skeletal malocclusion in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study comprising 350 selected radiographs of apparently healthy individuals collected for a period of one year, from the Department of Oral Radiology of a tertiary care centre of Nepal. Gonial angle measurements were recorded from digital panoramic radiograph (both right and left side) and lateral cephalogram. Data was collected in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, and skeletal malocclusion and then statistically analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 20. Results: The mean gonial angle for panoramic right, left and lateral cephalogram was 122.490±7.570, 123.620±7.060, and 124.150±6.910, respectively. There was a decrease in the mean values of the gonial angle observed as age advances seen in all the radiographs. The gonial angle measured in Class III malocclusion was higher in all the radiographs, followed by Class II and Class I. Gonial angles obtained in females were higher than the males in all the radiographs. Finally, the Aryan population showed a higher gonial angle compared to the Mongolian population in all the radiographs. Conclusions: Panoramic radiograph (left side), could be considered as a reliable tool to measure the gonial angle.

scholarly journals Factors influencing the dental caries in pregnant women: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e32810111226
Author(s):  
Gabriela Bohrer Bolsson ◽  
Jessica Klöckner Knorst ◽  
Marília Cunha Maroneze ◽  
Maísa Casarin ◽  
Patrícia Pasquali Dotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The City ◽  
Santa Maria

Objective: To assess factors associated with the average number of dental caries in pregnant women. Method: Basic research design: This cross-sectional study was performed between January 2017 and December 2018 in Santa Maria, Brazil. Clinical setting and participants: Multistage random sampling resulted in the recruitment of 256 pregnant women from public health centers across the city. Clinical exams and semi-structured questionnaires including demographic, socioeconomic and behavioral questions were performed by trained interviewers. Main outcome measure: The experience of dental caries was evaluated through the mean value of the Decay, Missing, and Filled Surface Index (DMFS) by 4 trained and calibrated examiners. Multilevel Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the influence of different variables on the average number of dental caries. Rate ratio (RR) and respective 95% confidence intervals were calculated (CI 95%). Results: The prevalence of untreated dental caries was 62.7% in the sample, while the mean DMFS index was 10.27 (± 10.92). Women who smoked during pregnancy had a higher mean DMFS (RR 1.41; 95% CI 1.25-1.57). Furthermore, pregnant women who had poor self-ratings of oral health had a higher average DMFS (RR 1.21; 95% CI 1.10-1.32). Conclusions: The results showed that older age, ethnicity, fewer years in education and the presence of dental plaque resulted in higher means of DMFS.

Dental Psychological Stress or Phobia among Orthodontic Patients of Mardan

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3442-3443
Author(s):  
Nazish Falak ◽  
Sadia Nisar Ahmed ◽  
Syed Shah Faisal Jan ◽  
Haris . ◽  
Alina Iqbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level

Objective: To assess the psychological stress or phobia due to dental procedure among patients. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: Department of Orthodontic, Bacha Khan College of Dentistry/Medical Teaching Institute, Mardan from 1st January 2020 to 31st August 2021. Methodology: One hundred and twenty patients coming for orthodontal treatment with age between 12-31 years were enrolled. The demographic and psychological stress information was recorded. Results: There were more females (65%) than males (35%). The mean age was 15.5±3.2 years. About 82.5% patients reported high level of psychological stress or phobias towards dental treatments while 19.1% were those who had moderate psychological stress or phobias. Majority of the patient’s fear of pain was between 12-17 years. Patients having highest anxiety also belonged to the same group Conclusion: Dental phobias and fears are widespread among patients seeking dental treatments. Orthodontists should recognize the dental phobias and fears so they efficiently interconnect with the patients. Key words: Orthodontic treatment, Pain, Dental phobia

Maxillary Frenulum in Newborns: Association with Breastfeeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 954-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Razdan ◽  
Sarah Callaham ◽  
Renee Saggio ◽  
Mary Chafin ◽  
Michele M. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Birth Mothers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Education ◽  
Biological Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Objective To relate maxillary and lingual frenulum configuration to breastfeeding success. Study Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Newborn nursery in tertiary care academic hospital. Subjects and Methods Newborns were observed between 24 and 72 hours after birth. Mothers were asked a series of questions relating to their breastfeeding experience. The maxillary and lingual frenula were examined and scored. Corresponding LATCH scores were recorded. Results A total of 161 mothers with newborns participated. The mean gestational age of newborns was 38.81 weeks (95% CI, 38.65-38.98); 82 (50.9%) male and 79 (49.1%) female newborns were included. In sum, 70.8% had the maxillary frenulum attached to the edge of the alveolar ridge; 28.6%, attached to the fixed gingiva; and 0.6%, attached to mobile gingiva. In addition, 3.7% had anterior ankyloglossia, and 96.3% had no obvious anterior ankyloglossia. There was no significant correlation between maxillary frenulum scores or lingual frenulum scores and LATCH scores ( P > .05). Of the mothers included in the study, 56.5% were first-time mothers. Overall, 43.5% of the mothers had other biological children, with 70.0% of those mothers having previously breastfed. Experienced mothers who had breastfed for >3 months had significantly higher LATCH scores. Those who had previously breastfed had a mean LATCH score of 9.16 (95% CI, 8.80-9.52), as compared with those who had not, with a mean of 8.14 (95% CI, 7.43-8.85). Conclusion We did not find that maxillary frenulum configuration correlated with LATCH scores. Mothers experienced with breastfeeding had better LATCH scores. Attention toward breastfeeding education, particularly in new mothers, should precede maxillary frenotomy in neonates with breastfeeding difficulties.

scholarly journals Position of parotid papilla and commissure of lip in relation to maxillary occlusal plane among patients visiting a tertiary care centre of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
P Mehta ◽  
S Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Edentulous Patients

Introduction: The exact position of the Parotid papilla and commissure of the lip plays a crucial role in determining the maxillary occlusal plane which directly facilitates rehabilitating edentulous patients with a removable complete denture. Since the beginning, many authors have conducted different studies regarding its position but multiple variations in its location have been noted. Also, this type of study has not been conducted in the Nepalese population which drags the urge to determine the position of these soft-tissue landmarks in context to the Nepalese population. Objective: To determine the position of parotid papilla and commissure of lip in relation to the maxillary occlusal plane. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the 45 dentate subjects visiting Nobel medical college from November 2019 to April 2020. A vestibular impression was made, stone index fabricated and vernier caliper was used to locate position of parotid papilla & commissure of lip. All the data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean measurement of distances between maxillary occlusal plane and parotid papilla was 3.69 ± 1.19 mm and between maxillary occlusal plane and commissure of lip was 0.41 ± 0.83 mm respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the position of the parotid papilla was superior to the position of the maxillary occlusal plane with a mean distance of 3.69mm. The commissure of lip was found to be at the level of maxillary occlusion plane in highest number of cases followed by a superior position with least at the inferior position with respect to the maxillary occlusal plane.

scholarly journals Comparing School-Aged Refraction Measurements Using the 2WIN-S Portable Refractor in Relation to Cycloplegic Retinoscopy: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ziming Liu ◽  
Emmanuel Eric Pazo ◽  
Hong Ye ◽  
Cui Yu ◽  
Ling Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Standard ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Spherical Equivalent ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Altman Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bland Altman Analysis ◽  
The Mean

Purpose. To assess the repeatability and agreement of refractive measurements using 2WIN-S photoscreening with the gold-standard cycloplegic retinoscope refraction. Design. Single centre, cross-sectional study. Methods. Spherical, cylindrical, axis, and spherical equivalent of 194 bilateral eyes of 97 children were assessed using a retinoscope and 2WIN-S. One week later, another operator repeated the 2WIN-S measurements. The primary outcome measures were to assess the repeatability and agreement between spherical equivalent, J0, and J45 readings of 2WIN-S. The repeatability of measurements was assessed by the within-subject standard deviation (2.77 Sw) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The agreement between devices was assessed using 95% limits of agreement. The extent of the agreement between cycloplegic retinoscopy and noncycloplegic 2WIN-S measurements was assessed using Bland–Altman analysis. Results. The mean age ± SD was 10.3 ± 2.46 year (range, 4–14 years). The sphere, cylinder, and spherical equivalent measurements were found to be consistent with both apparatus (r value >0.86). ICC for SE, J0, and J45 was 0.900, 0.666, and 0.639, respectively; Sw for SE, J0, and J45 was 0.61D, 0.30D, and 0.31D, respectively; Bland–Altman analysis of retinoscopy with cycloplegia and 2WIN-S for SE was 184/194 (95%) in 95% confidence interval, and the mean value was 0.46. J0 was 184/194 (95%), and the mean value is −0.04. J45 was 181/194 (93%), and the mean value is −0.15. Conclusion. The objective refractive measurement of 2WIN-S had good reliability and high agreement with the gold-standard retinoscopy refraction in children and adolescents. While consistency was observed, it is essential to take into consideration that it is a screening tool.

scholarly journals Duration of untreated psychiatric illness and its correlations in patients attending a tertiary care psychiatric facility: a cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarna Buddha Nayok ◽  
Sathyanarayana MT ◽  
Dhanashree Akshatha H.S.
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Illness ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pathway To Care

Introduction: Duration of untreated psychiatric illness is an important component of the final pathway to care for patients. Longer the duration of untreated illness, poorer is the prognosis. Aim: To determine the Duration of Untreated Illness (DUI) along with its correlates, to thus evaluate the pathway to care at our setup. Settings and design: A retrospective cross-sectional study including 228 patients with psychiatric illnesses done at a tertiary care general hospital with a psychiatric setup. Materials: Semi-structured proforma for socio-demographic details, psychiatric diagnosis, duration of illness and duration of untreated illness. Statistical analysis: Sociodemographic details were mainly descriptive and categories compared using Pearson’s Chi square test. Results: The mean age of patients was 36.13 years (Standard Deviation (S.D.) 15.06). The mean DUI was 57.53 months (80.21). Excluding patients with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS), mean duration of illness was 51.58 months (S.D. 75.50) and DUI was 33.77 months (S.D. 49.11). Mean duration of illness for ADS group was 176.19 months (S.D. 101.20) and DUI was 165.90 months (S.D. 103.07). There was significant association of DUI with occupation (P = .039) and residence (P = .006). While 127 (55.70%) of patients showed to a psychiatrist at first, seventy (30.7%) patients went to faith healers first. Conclusion: It took about 5 years on average to reach a psychiatric facility, which was higher in patients with ADS. Awareness regarding illness model of ADS and other psychiatric disorders along treatment availability may improve DUI and lead to better prognosis.

Geographical and Socioeconomic Distribution of Overweight and Morbidity in a Rural Swedish County

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo J. A. Haglund
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

This report on overweight is based on a cross-sectional study in Skaraborg County, Sweden, in 1977. Mean values of Body Mass Index (BMI) are higher in this county than in other areas studied in Sweden and abroad. In correlation analysis the strongest association was found between overweight and hypertension. This is of particular interest since other studies have shown that Skaraborg county, has one of Sweden's highest proportions of treated hypertensives and also higher mortality during the 1970s in hypertension and obesity related diseases. The BMI varied between the municipalities of the county. Overweight was most common in the agricultural municipalities. The mean value of the BMI was higher among workers and persons with less formal education. This is contradictory to earlier Swedish studies with regard to men but not women. Physically demanding jobs accounted for more overweight individuals whereas high physical activity during leisure time was correlated with low body weight.

scholarly journals The Level of Ca125 in Preand Postoperative of Endometriosis

2017 ◽  
pp. 142-146
Author(s):  
Asriyanti Amsir ◽  
Andi M Tahir ◽  
Nusratuddin Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Study Design ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To determine the Ca-125 level in pre- and post-operative of endometriosis and its correlation to endometriosis stage and severity of dysmenorrhea. Method: This was a cross-sectional study design conducted at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo dan some affiliated hospitals. We took the patients undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy consecutively. Result: The mean value of preoperative Ca-125 level in stage I-II was 21.53 (SD 12.64) IU/ml vs 72.52 (SD 8.52) IU/ml in stage III-IV. The mean value of postoperative Ca-125 level was 14.82 (SD 10.00) IU/ml (stage I-II) vs 61.03 (SD 8.43) IU/ml (stage III-IV); they were significantly different (p

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