scholarly journals Duration of untreated psychiatric illness and its correlations in patients attending a tertiary care psychiatric facility: a cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swarna Buddha Nayok ◽  
Sathyanarayana MT ◽  
Dhanashree Akshatha H.S.
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Psychiatric Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Untreated Illness ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pathway To Care

Introduction: Duration of untreated psychiatric illness is an important component of the final pathway to care for patients. Longer the duration of untreated illness, poorer is the prognosis. Aim: To determine the Duration of Untreated Illness (DUI) along with its correlates, to thus evaluate the pathway to care at our setup. Settings and design: A retrospective cross-sectional study including 228 patients with psychiatric illnesses done at a tertiary care general hospital with a psychiatric setup. Materials: Semi-structured proforma for socio-demographic details, psychiatric diagnosis, duration of illness and duration of untreated illness. Statistical analysis: Sociodemographic details were mainly descriptive and categories compared using Pearson’s Chi square test. Results: The mean age of patients was 36.13 years (Standard Deviation (S.D.) 15.06). The mean DUI was 57.53 months (80.21). Excluding patients with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS), mean duration of illness was 51.58 months (S.D. 75.50) and DUI was 33.77 months (S.D. 49.11). Mean duration of illness for ADS group was 176.19 months (S.D. 101.20) and DUI was 165.90 months (S.D. 103.07). There was significant association of DUI with occupation (P = .039) and residence (P = .006). While 127 (55.70%) of patients showed to a psychiatrist at first, seventy (30.7%) patients went to faith healers first. Conclusion: It took about 5 years on average to reach a psychiatric facility, which was higher in patients with ADS. Awareness regarding illness model of ADS and other psychiatric disorders along treatment availability may improve DUI and lead to better prognosis.

Maxillary Frenulum in Newborns: Association with Breastfeeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 162 (6) ◽  
pp. 954-958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reena Razdan ◽  
Sarah Callaham ◽  
Renee Saggio ◽  
Mary Chafin ◽  
Michele M. Carr
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Academic Hospital ◽  
Birth Mothers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breastfeeding Education ◽  
Biological Children ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time

Objective To relate maxillary and lingual frenulum configuration to breastfeeding success. Study Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Newborn nursery in tertiary care academic hospital. Subjects and Methods Newborns were observed between 24 and 72 hours after birth. Mothers were asked a series of questions relating to their breastfeeding experience. The maxillary and lingual frenula were examined and scored. Corresponding LATCH scores were recorded. Results A total of 161 mothers with newborns participated. The mean gestational age of newborns was 38.81 weeks (95% CI, 38.65-38.98); 82 (50.9%) male and 79 (49.1%) female newborns were included. In sum, 70.8% had the maxillary frenulum attached to the edge of the alveolar ridge; 28.6%, attached to the fixed gingiva; and 0.6%, attached to mobile gingiva. In addition, 3.7% had anterior ankyloglossia, and 96.3% had no obvious anterior ankyloglossia. There was no significant correlation between maxillary frenulum scores or lingual frenulum scores and LATCH scores ( P > .05). Of the mothers included in the study, 56.5% were first-time mothers. Overall, 43.5% of the mothers had other biological children, with 70.0% of those mothers having previously breastfed. Experienced mothers who had breastfed for >3 months had significantly higher LATCH scores. Those who had previously breastfed had a mean LATCH score of 9.16 (95% CI, 8.80-9.52), as compared with those who had not, with a mean of 8.14 (95% CI, 7.43-8.85). Conclusion We did not find that maxillary frenulum configuration correlated with LATCH scores. Mothers experienced with breastfeeding had better LATCH scores. Attention toward breastfeeding education, particularly in new mothers, should precede maxillary frenotomy in neonates with breastfeeding difficulties.

scholarly journals Position of parotid papilla and commissure of lip in relation to maxillary occlusal plane among patients visiting a tertiary care centre of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
P Mehta ◽  
S Chhetri
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Edentulous Patients

Introduction: The exact position of the Parotid papilla and commissure of the lip plays a crucial role in determining the maxillary occlusal plane which directly facilitates rehabilitating edentulous patients with a removable complete denture. Since the beginning, many authors have conducted different studies regarding its position but multiple variations in its location have been noted. Also, this type of study has not been conducted in the Nepalese population which drags the urge to determine the position of these soft-tissue landmarks in context to the Nepalese population. Objective: To determine the position of parotid papilla and commissure of lip in relation to the maxillary occlusal plane. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the 45 dentate subjects visiting Nobel medical college from November 2019 to April 2020. A vestibular impression was made, stone index fabricated and vernier caliper was used to locate position of parotid papilla & commissure of lip. All the data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results: The mean measurement of distances between maxillary occlusal plane and parotid papilla was 3.69 ± 1.19 mm and between maxillary occlusal plane and commissure of lip was 0.41 ± 0.83 mm respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the position of the parotid papilla was superior to the position of the maxillary occlusal plane with a mean distance of 3.69mm. The commissure of lip was found to be at the level of maxillary occlusion plane in highest number of cases followed by a superior position with least at the inferior position with respect to the maxillary occlusal plane.

scholarly journals Gonial Angle by Lateral Cephalogram in Orthodontic Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (237) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manju Bajracharya ◽  
Anjana Rajbhandari ◽  
Resina Pradhan ◽  
Pushkar Manandhar ◽  
Surendra Maharjan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lateral Cephalogram ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gonial Angle ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: The Gonial angle is an important parameter of the craniofacial complex for growth Patterns prediction. The gonial angle on lateral cephalometric radiograph represents the mandibular morphology concerning mandibular body and ramus. The objective of this study was to find out the mean value of gonial angle in lateral cephalometric radiographs of patients of orthodontic department in a tertiary care center. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients from the Department of Orthodontics at People’s Dental College and Hospital between 8th December 2020 to 8th February 2021 at People’s Dental College and Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal after obtaining Ethical approval (Reference Number. 01, CH100 09,2077/2078) by the Institutional Review Committee. A convenience sampling technique was used to collect 166 pre-treatment lateral cephalograms radiographs of patients between 17-30 years. Data were collected and entered using Statistical Package of Social Science 16. Results: The mean value of gonial angle on lateral cephalogram radiographs was 132.84±3.70 in hyperdivergent, 119.94±5.57 in hypodivergent and 124.06±3.88 in normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns and between male and female were 132.52±4.32, 133.07±3.28 in hyperdivergent, 121.46±3.78, 119.14±6.42 in hypodivergent and 123.74±5.14, 123.94±3.90 in normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns of Orthodontic Patients. Conclusions: The gonial angle value on lateral cephalometric radiographs was greater in hyperdivergent than hypodivergent and normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns. The hyperdivergent vertical skeletal pattern of female was greater than of male patient’s lateral cephalometric radiographs while hypodivergent and normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns of males were greater than female lateral cephalogram radiographs of Nepalese orthodontic patients.

scholarly journals Emergency Stay Duration of Patients in Emergency Department of A Tertiary Care Hospital in Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (222) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant Simkhada ◽  
Shradha Acharya ◽  
Roshan Lama ◽  
Sujata Dahal ◽  
Nita Lohola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Stay ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Emergency department of a hospital is responsible for providing medical and surgical care to patients arriving at the hospital in need of immediate care. Emergency department is not staffed or equipped to provide prolonged care. Duration of stay in the Emergency department directly affects the quality of patient care. Longer length of stay is associated with Emergency department overcrowding, decline in patient care, increased mortality and decreased patients satisfaction. The main aim of this study is to find the mean stay duration of patients in the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital in Nepal.Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study which was conducted in a tertiary care teaching hospital from Jan 15,2019 to Jan 30, 2019. Ethical clearance was obtained from Kathmandu Medical College- Instutional Review Committee. The calculated sample size was 587. Consecutive sampling technique was used. The data thus obtained was entered in SPSS version 20 and necessary calculations were done. Results: The mean emergency stay duration was obtained to be 3.18 hours at 95% confidence interval (C.I  and standard deviation was 2.51 hours. Female had longer mean duration of stay (3.25 hours) compared to male (3.11 hours). The maximum length of stay was 15.3 hours. Most of the patients attending the emergency department were discharged right through the emergency department 398 ( 67.8%). Mean duration of stay was longest (5.06 hours) for the referral group. Conclusions: The mean stay duration in Emergency Department of tertiary care hospital in Nepal is getting shorter compared to similar study done previously.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Drug Use Patterns in Intensive Care Unit of Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Rinku Ghimire ◽  
Rupesh Kumar Shreewastav
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
The Mean

Background: Prescription of rational drugs is needed to save critically ill patients. This study was conducted to assess the prescription patterns of drugs in the intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among patients admitted in intensive care unit from March 2020 to February 2021 after approval from the Institutional Review Committee (ref no. 344 /2019). Demographic profile, prescription patterns, the average number of drugs used, route of administration, and duration of hospitalization were recorded based on the pre-structured questionnaires. Convenient sampling was chosen. Data were analyzed by SPSS, version 20. Results: Prescription patterns of 225 were analyzed. The mean age was 55.60 ± 20.16 years with a male predominance of 131(58.2%). Cardiac disorders 57(25.3%) were the most common admitting diagnosis followed by pulmonary, neurological, and kidney disorders. The average length of hospital stay was 4.14 days (range 1-38 days). A total of 887 drugs were prescribed. The mean number of drugs prescribed per patient was 7.71 ± 1.92. Parenteral drugs accounted for 81.39%. Antibiotics were prescribed to all patients. Intravenous fluids were given to 62.2% of patients, blood and blood products to 21.33%. Thromboprophylaxis was used in 15 (6.7%) patients. Seven hundred twenty-two (81.39%) drugs were injectables, 129(14.54%) were used by the oral or nasogastric route and 36 (4.05%) were inhaled drugs. Conclusion: Newer generations antibiotics were the most commonly prescribed drugs. Pantoprazole, Metoclopramide, and Hydrocortisone were the top three most commonly prescribed individual drugs. There was marked underuse of thromboprophylaxis, analgesics, and sedatives.  

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF NEUROLOGICAL MANIFESTATIONS IN HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS-AIDS PATIENTS ADMITTED TO SOUTH INDIAN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL – A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
ARUN SINGH TEJAVATH ◽  
AMIT MATHUR ◽  
PRATIMA SINGH ◽  
SUPRIYA SUMAN ◽  
PREETI RAJ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leukocyte Count ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neurological Manifestations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The objective of the study was to describe, evaluate, and analyze neurological manifestation in human immunodeficiency virus HIV positive patients admitted to a tertiary care center. Methods: The study was a prospective cross-sectional study, in which 103 HIV patients were analyzed. All patients were interviewed face to face and evaluated by the investigator with particular reference to neurological manifestations. They were classified into various stages of HIV using the World Health Organization staging system. Results: The mean age in males was 37 (standard deviation [SD] 8.0) years and in females 35 (SD 7.0) years. A greater proportion of females were diagnosed in the asymptomatic state during screening, either during pregnancy or when the spouse was found to be positive. Headache was the most common neurologic symptom and fundus abnormalities were the most common neurological sign documented in patients. The mean CD4 counts in males are 156.5/mm3 and in females are 229.57/mm3 whereas the mean absolute leukocyte count in males is 1088.30/mm3 and in females is 1473.52/mm3. The CD4 counts showed a better correlation with the occurrence of neurological manifestations than absolute leukocyte count. Conclusion: Headache was a significant predictor of the occurrence of neurological complications (p=0.01). CD4 counts were significantly lower in patients with neurological complications and most of the neurological manifestations; on the contrary, all the opportunistic infections were documented in patients with CD4 counts below 200/mm3. Neurological complications did not show any correlation with the patient being on anti-retroviral therapy.

scholarly journals Morbidity Pattern Among the Rural Household in a Selected Area of Dhamrai Upazila, Dhaka

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
M Rahman ◽  
A Rahman ◽  
S Yeasmeen ◽  
TT Sajani ◽  
FMA Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Seeking ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Duration Of Illness ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Scientific Treatment

This is a descriptive type of cross sectional study among 477 family heads as respondents. It is aimed to identify morbidity pattern, duration of illness among households' members and also to determine treatment seeking behavior during illness. The socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents are points of investigations. It reveals from the findings that the mean age of the respondents is 35.16 years. They are mostly female (66%) and married (90%). Only 30% respondents are illiterate, 69% respondents are found from nuclear family. The study shows 73% respondents family are suffering from illness during last two months and majority sufferers (19%) and (44%) were less than 5years and more than 31 years old respectively. However, male sufferers were more among <5 years (9.63%) and female sufferers more (26.84%) among >31 years old. Moreover about 43% respondents' family members are suffering for more than 4 weeks and about 29% less than 01 week. On the other hands, Fever, Cough and Pain are found prominent sign/symptoms among 38%, 28% and 29% sufferers respectively. Common cold, Arthritis and Diarrhoea are found as diagnosis among 53.5%, 22.5% & 8.5% respondents' family members respectively. Nevertheless majority 56% are seeking treatment from MBBS doctors. The study findings highlight awareness program among family heads and adult sufferer towards preventing infectious and chronic diseases as well as to undertake modern scientific treatment. Improved surveillance system in the locality may be considered for early detection of cases to treat accordingly to avoid complications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v3i2.11686 AKMMC J 2012: 3(2): 06-10

scholarly journals A Cross Sectional Study to Assess the Levels of Depression and Anxiety in Patients with Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Richa Sinha ◽  
Trisha Gupta ◽  
Sonam Maheshwari
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Comorbid Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
The Mean

Objective: In the present study, demographic profile, knowledge and motivation of COPD patients attending tertiary hospital, the level of anxiety and depression is assessed. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out on consecutive patients with COPD during their routine out- and in-patient visits in the tertiary care hospital during 4 months (April 2019 to July 2019). Physician confirmed cases of more than 1-year duration were included in the study. Thus 194 COPD patients were admitted in the ward. They were interviewed by using HADS scale and Modified Morisky scale. The diagnosis of COPD was confirmed by Chest X- ray and Spirometery test and a history of exacerbation or hospitalization over past 6 months was also obtained. The chi square-test, t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used in the univariate analyses, whilst regression was used in the multiple variable analyses.Results: A total of 194 COPD individuals, 124 Males and 70 Females were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the respondents was 49.16 ± 8.20 (25-62) years. The mean scores for anxiety and depression were 19.12± 2.38 and 11.54± 2.50 respectively. Both anxiety and depression scores were statistically significant between the gender.  Among males 70 % cases were having no comorbid conditions; however, 57.10 % females were having more than two comorbid conditions. Conclusion: Present study illustrates that anxiety and depression are common in patients with COPD, furthermore, patients with depressive disorders have more comorbidities in comparison with patient with anxiety.

scholarly journals Mean Evan's Index among Patients with Normal Computed Tomography Scan visiting Radiology Department in a Tertiary Care Centre of Nepal: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (240) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sagar Koirala ◽  
Prity Agrawal ◽  
Suresh Bishokarma ◽  
Pratyush Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Evan's index is useful to objectively see if ventricles size is abnormal especially in borderline cases of hydrocephalus. Studying ventricular size in CT scan is essential in every pathology of the brain. Use of objective parameters to define hydrocephalus helps us not only to diagnose a case but also follow up the case following treatment. The aim of this study was to find out the mean even index among patients visiting the department of radiology of a tertiary care hospital. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from 1st january 2020 to 31st December 2020. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Review Committee of Upendra Devkota Memorial Neurological and Allied Sciences (reference number: 116/2021). Computed tomography scans were done for various reasons in the hospital over a one year period and reported normal by the radiologists were included in the study. Convenient sampling was done. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with mean and standard deviation for continuous data. Results: In this study, among the 216 cases, the mean Evan’s index was found to be 0.20±0.04. Conclusions: The mean evan’s index in our study population was lower than the normal cut-off value.

scholarly journals Early experience of Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery for Renal stone: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (227) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Binary Data ◽  
Renal Stone ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Retrograde intrarenal surgery with improving skill and knowledge may be consideredone of the first-line treatment options for removal of renal stones. The study is done to find theoutcome of retrograde intrarenal surgery in patients with renal stone. Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was carried out on patients undergoingretrograde intrarenal surgery for renal stone at a tertiary care hospital December 2019 to March2020. Ethical approval was taken from the institutional review committee (Ref. no.200120202).The Convenient sampling method was applied. Data was collected and analyzed in StatisticalPackage for the Social Sciences version 20.0. Point estimate at 95% confidence interval wascalculated along with frequency and proportion for binary data. Results: Out of the 28 patients, the retrograde intrarenal surgery was successful in 27 (96.4%)cases. There were 16 (57.15%) females and 12 (42.86%) male patients with the mean age of37.86±11.47 years. Most of the stones were in renal pelvis 18 (64.28%) followed by lowercalyx 8 (28.57%). The mean diameter of the stone was 11.47 ±3.33mm whereas most ofthe stones were on the right side 16 (57.15%). The mean hardness was 1155.21±265.34Hounsfield units. Perioperative complications like failed access sheath placement in 2 (7.14%)cases, hematuria in 6 (21.43%) cases, fever in 6 (21.43%) cases, and septicemia in 4 (14.28%)cases. Conclusions: We found that the success rate of retrograde intrarenal surgery for the renal stonewas acceptable and similar to other published studies . Retrograde intrarenal surgery is feasiblefor the treatment of kidney stones with acceptable complications and success rates.

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