GONIAL ANGLE DETERMINATION; A COMPARISON BETWEEN LATERAL CEPHALOGRAM AND BOTH HEMISPHERES OF ORTHOPANTOMOGRAM

Objective: To evaluate the mean values of Genial angle measured by Lateral cephalogram and Orthopantomogram. Study Design: comparative cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, from Aug 2018 to Feb 2019. Methodology: Patients irrespective of gender between the ages of 13-20 who reported for the treatment of class I malocclusion with complete anterior dentition were included. Orthopantomogram and lateral cephalogram were drawn by the same person. Gonial angle on orthopantomogram was measured by drawing tangents on posterior border of ramus and lower border of mandible on both halves of orthopantomogram. On lateral cephalogram the angle was measured between ramus and mandible. Gonial angle measured from lateral cephalogram and orthopantomogram were compared. T-test was applied. Results: Mean age of the individuals was 18.33 ± 3.97 years. The mean gonial angle measured on lateral cephalogram was 122.66 ± 1.64 degrees while the mean gonial angle measured on right and left side of orthopantomogram was 122.41 ± 1.56 degrees and 122.33 ± 1.55 degrees respectively. Conclusion: Orthopantomogram can also be used to measure gonial angle as accurately as a lateral cephalogram with the advantage that there are no superimpositions and both the gonial angles can be measured simultaneously on orthopantomogram.

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Gonial Angle by Lateral Cephalogram in Orthodontic Patients of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.6482 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (237) ◽

Author(s):

Manju Bajracharya ◽

Anjana Rajbhandari ◽

Resina Pradhan ◽

Pushkar Manandhar ◽

Surendra Maharjan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mean Value ◽

Growth Patterns ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Lateral Cephalogram ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gonial Angle ◽

Orthodontic Patients ◽

The Mean

Introduction: The Gonial angle is an important parameter of the craniofacial complex for growth Patterns prediction. The gonial angle on lateral cephalometric radiograph represents the mandibular morphology concerning mandibular body and ramus. The objective of this study was to find out the mean value of gonial angle in lateral cephalometric radiographs of patients of orthodontic department in a tertiary care center. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients from the Department of Orthodontics at People’s Dental College and Hospital between 8th December 2020 to 8th February 2021 at People’s Dental College and Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal after obtaining Ethical approval (Reference Number. 01, CH100 09,2077/2078) by the Institutional Review Committee. A convenience sampling technique was used to collect 166 pre-treatment lateral cephalograms radiographs of patients between 17-30 years. Data were collected and entered using Statistical Package of Social Science 16. Results: The mean value of gonial angle on lateral cephalogram radiographs was 132.84±3.70 in hyperdivergent, 119.94±5.57 in hypodivergent and 124.06±3.88 in normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns and between male and female were 132.52±4.32, 133.07±3.28 in hyperdivergent, 121.46±3.78, 119.14±6.42 in hypodivergent and 123.74±5.14, 123.94±3.90 in normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns of Orthodontic Patients. Conclusions: The gonial angle value on lateral cephalometric radiographs was greater in hyperdivergent than hypodivergent and normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns. The hyperdivergent vertical skeletal pattern of female was greater than of male patient’s lateral cephalometric radiographs while hypodivergent and normodivergent vertical skeletal patterns of males were greater than female lateral cephalogram radiographs of Nepalese orthodontic patients.

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Effect of Medialization of the Trochlear Groove and Lateralization of the Tibial Tubercle on TT-TG Distance: A Cross-sectional Study of Dysplastic and Nondysplastic Knees

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/0363546520987819 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 036354652098781

Author(s):

Mathias Paiva ◽

Lars Blønd ◽

Per Hölmich ◽

Kristoffer Weisskirchner Barfod

Keyword(s):

Trochlear Dysplasia ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Magnetic Resonance Images ◽

Tibial Tubercle ◽

Control Group ◽

Trochlear Groove ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean

Background: Tibial tubercle–trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is often used as a measure of lateralization of the TT and is important for surgical planning. Purpose: To investigate if increased TT-TG distance measured on axial magnetic resonance images is due to lateralization of the TT or medialization of the TG. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 84 knees (28 normal [NK], 28 with trochlear dysplasia [TD], and 28 with patellar dislocation without TD [PD]) were examined. The medial border of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) was chosen as the central anatomic landmark. The distance from the TT to PCL (TT-PCL) was measured to examine the lateralization of the TT. The distance from the TG to the PCL (TG-PCL) was measured to examine the medialization of the TG. Between-group differences were investigated by use of 1-way analysis of variance. Results: The mean values for TT-TG distance were 8.7 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 12.1 ± 6.0 mm for PD, and 16.7 ± 4.3 mm in the TD group ( P < .01). The mean values for TT-PCL distance were 18.5 ± 3.6 mm for NK, 18.5 ± 4.5 mm for PD, and 21.2 ± 4.2 mm in the TD group ( P = .03). The mean values for TG-PCL distance were 9.6 ± 3.0 mm for NK, 7.1 ± 3.4 mm for PD, and 5.1 ± 3.3 mm in the dysplastic group ( P < .01). Conclusion: The present results indicate that increased TT-TG distance is due to medialization of the TG and not lateralization of the TT. Knees with TD had increased TT-TG distance compared with the knees of the control group and the knees with PD. The TT-PCL distance did not differ significantly between groups, whereas the TG-PCL distance declined with increased TT-TG.

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Genetic homozygosity as a marker of smoking dependency

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr203009b ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 1009-1019

Author(s):

Slavko Brankovic ◽

Dejan Nikolic ◽

Dragoslav Marinkovic ◽

Suzana Cvjeticanin

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Male Gender ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male And Female ◽

Mean Values ◽

Individual Variations ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

The Individual

The aim of our study was to evaluate the morphogenetic variability as a marker of smoking dependency in adult smokers versus controls and to investigate the presence and the degree of morphogenetic variability difference between male and female smokers versus same gender controls. The cross-sectional study evaluated 241 smokers and 185 nonsmoker individuals as controls. We analyzed 17 homozygous recessive characteristics (HRC). There was a significant difference in the individual variations of 17 HRCs between the controls and smokers (??2=61.400, p<0.001; for females ??2=79.440, p<0.001; for males ??2=84.972, p<0.001). The mean values of HRCs significantly differed between smokers and controls (MV?SEM(Controls) -4.79?0.13, MV?SEM(Smokers) -5.70?0.12; p<0.001). For males, presence of 6/17 (35.29% genetic homozygosity) HRCs (OR=6.12) was to the certain degree predictor for smoking dependency. Higher degree of genetic homozygosity, changed variability and male gender, might be some among potential numerous factors that could have impact on smoking development and dependence.

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A study of growth changes in the mandible from deciduous to permanent dentition

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/jcpd.27.2.p77tn25l5w157661 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 137-142 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hung-Huey Tsai

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Permanent Dentition ◽

Developmental Changes ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Males And Females ◽

The Mean ◽

Growth Changes ◽

Ramus Height

This cross-sectional study investigated mandibular developmental changes in untreated normal Taiwanese from the deciduous to permanent dentition. Differences in the mean values for ramus height and body length between males and females were statistically significant after eruption of the permanent second molars. SNB angles significantly increased and gonial and L1-MP angles significantly decreased from deciduous to permanent dentition in both sexes. The SN-MP angle in females significantly decreased and ramus inclination in males significantly increased from the early mixed to permanent dentition.

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Thyroidectomy Related Complications in Post-Thyroid Lobectomy (Unilateral) in Addition to Thyroid Isthmusectomy

10.53350/pjmhs2115123444 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (12) ◽

pp. 3444-3445

Author(s):

Sadaf Raffat Mustafa ◽

Abdul Manan Khan ◽

Wajih-ud-Din , Shinwari ◽

Muhammad Jamil ◽

Azmatullah Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Study Design ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

International Medical ◽

Completion Thyroidectomy ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Frequent Complication ◽

Medical College ◽

Thyroid Lobectomy ◽

The Mean

Objective: To identify thyroidectomy related complications in post-thyroid lobectomy (unilateral) in addition to isthmusectomy. Study Design: Cross-sectional study Place and Duration: Department of ENT, Islamic International Medical College, Islamabad from 1st April 2019 to 31st March 2020. Methods: Sixty patients were enrolled. These patients were those who have to undergo complete thyroidectomy post unilateral-thyroid lobectomy in addition to isthmusectomy. The age pf the patients was 16-72 years. Each patient’s demographic, clinical as well as surgical details were recorded and calcium tests were run. Results: There were 34 females and 26 males in this study. The mean age of the enrolled patients was 41.12±5.9 years. The mean BMI calculated of the patients was 25.4±2.5 kg/m2. Hypocalcaemia (transient) was identified 10% whereas 3.3% got seroma and 1.6% each suffered from transient voice hoarseness and hematoma in neck. Conclusion: Transient hypocalcaemia is the most frequent complication followed with seroma and hematoma. Keywords: Completion Thyroidectomy, Thyroid lobectomy, Thyroidectomy

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Geographical and Socioeconomic Distribution of Overweight and Morbidity in a Rural Swedish County

Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine ◽

10.1177/140349488701500104 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 19-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Bo J. A. Haglund

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Formal Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mean Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean

This report on overweight is based on a cross-sectional study in Skaraborg County, Sweden, in 1977. Mean values of Body Mass Index (BMI) are higher in this county than in other areas studied in Sweden and abroad. In correlation analysis the strongest association was found between overweight and hypertension. This is of particular interest since other studies have shown that Skaraborg county, has one of Sweden's highest proportions of treated hypertensives and also higher mortality during the 1970s in hypertension and obesity related diseases. The BMI varied between the municipalities of the county. Overweight was most common in the agricultural municipalities. The mean value of the BMI was higher among workers and persons with less formal education. This is contradictory to earlier Swedish studies with regard to men but not women. Physically demanding jobs accounted for more overweight individuals whereas high physical activity during leisure time was correlated with low body weight.

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Evaluation of the Knowledge and Perceptions about Pharmacovigilance Activities among Pharmacy Students in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal ◽

10.3329/bpj.v20i1.32082 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Osemene Kanayo Patrick ◽

Afolabi Margaret Olubunmi

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Pharmacy Students ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Knowledge Domain ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean

Studies on pharmacovigilance (PV) activities in Nigeria focused on perceptions of PV among professional healthcare workers are described here. There is paucity of information on pharmacy students knowledge about PV activities. Hence, this study, evaluated the knowledge and perceptions of final year pharmacy students about PV activities using descriptive and inferential statistics. A cross sectional study was undertaken in three Nigerian universities with a pretested questionnaire during the period of January and February, 2016. The questionnaire included closed-ended questions on demographic variables and questions designed to achieve the objectives of the study. Data was analyzed with IBM SPSS Statistics 20 and presented in percentages, means, standard deviations and median at 50% percentile. The mean knowledge score of pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reporting for the final year students was 4.25±0.18. There were significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge domain by age groups 21-24 years 4.8±0.70, 25-30 years 6.2 ± 0.84 and >30 years 4.6±0.72 at p=0.001; gender: male 4.1±1.20 and female 4.4±0.98 at (p=0.0001) as well as the current universities attended as follows University 1 with a scrore of 5.1±1.03, University 2 had a mean score of 6.3±0.99 at p=0.0120 and University 3 with a mean score of 4.3±1.01 at p=0.012. Furthermore, significant difference exist in the mean values of pharmacovigilance knowledge between those who had taking some courses in pharmacovigilance (7.3± 0.22) and those who did not (4.7 ± 0.13) at p=0.0001. Generally, the students had inadequate knowledge of PV activities. Therefore, emphasis on relevant PV courses in their curriculum is necessary.Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 20(1): 1-13, 2017

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The Level of Ca125 in Preand Postoperative of Endometriosis

Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.32771/inajog.v4i3.436 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 142-146

Author(s):

Asriyanti Amsir ◽

Andi M Tahir ◽

Nusratuddin Abdullah

Keyword(s):

Study Design ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Mean Value ◽

Stage I ◽

Stage Iii ◽

Ca 125 ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean

Objective: To determine the Ca-125 level in pre- and post-operative of endometriosis and its correlation to endometriosis stage and severity of dysmenorrhea. Method: This was a cross-sectional study design conducted at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo dan some affiliated hospitals. We took the patients undergoing laparoscopy or laparotomy consecutively. Result: The mean value of preoperative Ca-125 level in stage I-II was 21.53 (SD 12.64) IU/ml vs 72.52 (SD 8.52) IU/ml in stage III-IV. The mean value of postoperative Ca-125 level was 14.82 (SD 10.00) IU/ml (stage I-II) vs 61.03 (SD 8.43) IU/ml (stage III-IV); they were significantly different (p

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Hypochondriac fears and beliefs of medical students

Psihijatrija danas ◽

10.5937/psihdan2001035s ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 52 (1-2) ◽

pp. 35-45

Author(s):

Dona Stefanović ◽

Dunja Stankić ◽

Stefan Stoisavljević ◽

Olivera Vuković

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Health Anxiety ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Third ◽

School Year ◽

The Mean

Hypochondria is a mental disorder characterized by a preoccupation with fears that a person may be ill or suffering from a serious illness, based on a misinterpretation of problems that cannot be eliminated by appropriate medical reassurance. A special type of hypochondriasis known as Medical Student Syndrome (MSS) refers to student's fears and beliefs that they are ill or may become ill with the illnesses they are learning while studying in pre-clinical and clinical subjects. A cross-sectional study was conducted during the winter semester of the 2019/2020 school year, with a sample of 90 students of the first, third, and sixth year of the Faculty of Medicine, sampled on a random basis. Subjects completed the Illness Attitude Scale (IAS). The aim of study was to investigate whether there is a difference in the incidence of hypochondrial tendencies and beliefs in the students of the Faculty of Medicine in relation to the year of study. The mean values on certain subscales were statistically significantly higher in students of third compared to students of first and sixth year of medicine. Students who have not renewed a year were found to have significantly higher average scores on the Disease Concerns and Pain Concerns subscale, as well as Disease phobia compared to those who renewed the year, while Hypochondrial beliefs were statistically significantly higher in subjects who renewed the year compared to students who had not renewed the year. The presented results support the hypothesis that health anxiety and all its components among the medical students at the preclinical level is most pronounced in the third year of study, and that it shows declining trend in the later stages of study.

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The THE FREQUENCY OF MISMATCH REPAIR DEFICIENCY IN COLORECTAL CARCINOMA DETERMINED BY IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

Pakistan Armed Forces Medical Journal ◽

10.51253/pafmj.v71i4.3994 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (4) ◽

pp. 1395-99

Author(s):

Maria Naseem ◽

Muhammad Asif ◽

Hafeez Ud Din ◽

Muhammad Tahir Khadim ◽

Ahmed Ahson Khan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Carcinoma ◽

Mismatch Repair ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Mismatch Repair Deficiency ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Repair Deficiency ◽

The Mean ◽

Mmr Proteins

Objective: To determine the frequency of mismatch repair deficiency in colorectal carcinoma determined by immunohistochemistry. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, from Aug 2018 to Jan 2019. Methodology: A total of 101 patients of adenocarcinoma of colorectum who underwent surgical resections and their characteristic and clinical data were recorded. Immunohistochemical stains were performed using antibodies MLH1, MSH2, PMS2 and MSH6. Results were interpreted and mismatch repair deficiency status of all patients was determined. Patients with loss of expression for MLH1, MSH2, PMS2 and MSH6 antibodies were observed and noted. Results: In this study, out of 101 patients with CRC, 71 (70.3%) were male and 30 (29.7%) female. The mean age was (54 years ± 15.9). Amongst the 101 cases loss of immunohistochemical staining for MMR proteins was noted in 19 patients (18.8%). The combined loss of all four antibodies was seen in one case, loss of MLH1 and PMS2 in 7, MSH2 and MSH6 in 5 and MLH1 only in 6 patients. However, no mismatch repair deficiency was detected in remaining 82 cases. According to statistical analysis no significant association between mismatch repair deficiency and variables was found. Conclusion: The frequency of mismatch repair deficiency in colorectal carcinoma patients was found to be 18.8% in our population.

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