Ocular Tuberculosis

Ocular tuberculosis is a challenge in ophthalmic practice because it is extremely difficult to diagnose it.The term ocular tuberculosis indicates any infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in, on, or around theeye. It tends to affect all the structures of the eye. Clinical manifestations of ocular tuberculosis depends onthe site and severity of its infection. Diagnosis of ocular tuberculosis is entirely clinical, thoughinvestigation should be made to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment of ocular tuberculosis is the same as forthat of pulmonary tuberculosis.

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Gambaran pH urin pada pasien tuberkulosis paru dewasa di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou manado

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.4.2.2016.14649 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Satrio Z. Tuah ◽

Arthur E. Mongan ◽

Mayer F. Wowor

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

The Body ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Acid Base Balance ◽

Urine Ph ◽

Probability Sampling ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Consecutive Sampling

Abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic contagious infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis with several clinical manifestations and treatment with nephrotoxic drug regimen. This situation affects the kidney function to maintain acid-base balance of the body through urine excretion. This study aim to describe urine pH in adult tuberculosis patients in Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital Manado. This was an observational descriptive study with samples taken by non-probability sampling, consecutive sampling types to get the urine of all tuberculosis adult patients with specified period and criteria. From 30 adult patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are inpatient and outpatient, showed the average pH of the urine in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis without comorbidities was 6.2 and in pulmonary tuberculosis patients with comorbidities was 6.4. Conclusion: The urine pH in adult pulmonary tuberculosis in RSUP. Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado with or without comorbidities are normal.Keywords: urine pH, urinalysis, tuberculosis. Abstrak: Tuberkulosis (TB) merupakan penyakit infeksi kronik menular yang disebabkan oleh Mycobacterium tuberculosis dengan beragam manifestasi klinis dan pengobatan yang menggunakan resimen obat nefrotoksik. Keadaan ini mempengaruhi ginjal dalam fungsinya untuk mempertahankan keseimbangan asam-basa tubuh melalui ekskresi urin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran pH urin pada pasien tuberkulosis dewasa di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif observasional dan sampel diambil dengan cara non-probability sampling jenis consecutive sampling untuk mendapatkan urin dari semua pasien tuberkulosis dewasa dalam kurun waktu dan kriteria yang ditentukan. Dari 30 pasien tuberkulosis paru dewasa rawat inap dan rawat jalan, menunjukkan rerata pH urin pada pasien tuberkulosis paru tanpa penyakit penyerta adalah 6,2 dan pada pasien tuberkulosis paru dengan penyakit penyerta adalah 6,4. Simpulan: Gambaran pH urin pada penyakit tuberkulosis paru dewasa di RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado dengan atau tanpa penyakit penyerta adalah normal. Kata kunci: pH urin, urinalisis, tuberkulosis

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Features of clinical manifestations and diagnostics of pulmonary tuberculosis and opportunistic lung infections combination in adult patients with advanced HIV infection and immunodeficiency

Consilium Medicum ◽

10.26442/20751753.2020.11.200184 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 78-86

Author(s):

Anastasiia V. Mishina ◽

◽

Anastasiia V. Mishina ◽

Vladimir Yu. Mishin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Hiv Infection ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Lung Infections ◽

Microsoft Office

Цель. Изучить особенности клинических проявлений и диагностики сочетания туберкулеза органов дыхания (ТОД) с оппортунистическими инфек-циями легких (ОИЛ) у больных на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции с иммунодефицитом. Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 338 впервые выявленных больных ТОД с выделением Mycobacterium tuberculosis, в возрасте 25–60 лет, со стадией 4В и 5 ВИЧ-инфекции в фазе прогрессирования и без антиретровирусной терапии, разделенных на 2 группы: 169 пациентов с сочетанием ТОД с ОИЛ (основная группа) и 169 – с ТОД (группа сравнения). Всем больным проводилось клинико-лабораторное, лучевое и брон-хологическое исследование, а для выявления ОИЛ – микробиологическое, иммунологическое, молекулярно-генетическое, цитологическое и гисто-логическое исследование диагностического материала респираторного тракта, спинномозговой и плевральной жидкости, крови, мочи и кала. Статистическая обработка данных проводилась с помощью программы Microsoft Office Excel 2010 с вычислением среднего показателя в группе и стандартной ошибки среднего, доверительного интервала. Результаты. Установлено, что туберкулез у больных основной группы и группы сравнения имел генерализованный характер с множественными поражениями, внелегочными проявлениями, что характеризовалось выраженным синдромом интоксикации, бронхолегочными проявлениями и симптомами поражения других органов и систем. Это не позволяет дифференцировать сочетание ТОД с ОИЛ и с ТОД, и их диагностика возможна только при выявлении M. tuberculosis и этиологии возбудителей других ОИЛ. На компьютерной томограмме органов грудной клетки при одновре-менном сочетании нескольких болезней легких визуализируется синдром диссеминации, синдром аденопатии и синдром патологии легочного ри-сунка, представленный уплотнением интерстициальной ткани по типу «матового стекла». В этих случаях не последнюю роль играло одновременное сочетание ТОД с ОИЛ, а также с наслоением поражений легких непосредственно ВИЧ, что не представляло возможным дифференцировать эти патологии. Различие было возможным только при выявлении M. tuberculosis и этиологии возбудителей других ОИЛ. Заключение. На основании проведенного исследования предложен алгоритм последовательной этиологической диагностики сочетания ТОД с ОИЛ у больных на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции с иммунодефицитом. Ключевые слова: туберкулез органов дыхания, оппортунистические инфекции легких, поздние стадии ВИЧ-инфекции, микробиологическая ди-агностика, молекулярно-генетическая диагностика, иммунодиагностика, лучевая диагностика. Для цитирования: Мишина А.В., Мишин В.Ю., Эргешов А.Э. и др. Особенности клинических проявлений и диагностики сочетания туберкулеза ор-ганов дыхания с оппортунистическими инфекциями легких у взрослых больных на поздних стадиях ВИЧ-инфекции с иммунодефицитом. Consilium Medicum. 2020; 22 (11): 78–86. DOI: 10.26442/20751753.2020.11.200184

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Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in smear negative sputum by PCR

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology ◽

10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19368 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 2-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Jobayer ◽

SM Shamsuzzaman ◽

Kazi Zulfiquer Mamun

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Accurate Method ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Major Health ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Diagnostic Potential ◽

Total Death ◽

Smear Negative ◽

Negative Sputum

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a major health problem in Bangladesh that is responsible for about 7% of total death in a year. This study was conducted to isolate and identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum and to evaluate the efficacy of PCR as a modern diagnostic tool, for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in the smear negative cases. One hundred and fifty suspected pulmonary TB patients (male/ female: 97/53) were included in this study. Single morning sputum was collected from each patient and diagnostic potential of PCR was compared with staining and culture. Twenty five (16.7%) sputum were positive by ZN stained smear. Among 125 smear negative samples, 13 (10.4%) yielded growth in culture in LJ media and 21 (16.8%) samples were positive by PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR in smear negative cases was 100% and 92.9% respectively. Mean detection time in PCR was 24 hours. PCR detected M. tuberculosis in 21 smear negative and 9 culture negative samples. For diagnosis of tuberculosis in smear negative cases, PCR directly from sputum was a very sensitive and accurate method. In conclusion, PCR may be done, especially in clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients who remain negative by conventional methods.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19368 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(02): 2-6

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Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance ◽

10.25258/ijpqa.v9i2.13632 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽

Akram Hadi Hamza

Keyword(s):

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Statistical Difference ◽

Positive Culture ◽

Control Group ◽

Tuberculosis Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Lowenstein Jensen ◽

The Mean ◽

Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

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Ocular Tuberculosis in Patients with HIV and Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Modern technologies in ophtalmology ◽

10.25276/2312-4911-2020-4-34-35 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 34-35

Author(s):

V.M. Hokkanen ◽

◽

I.N. Voronova ◽

S.V. Ankudinova ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Ocular Tuberculosis

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Influence of the Acetylation Type on the Incidence of Isoniazid-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Antibiotics and Chemotherapy ◽

10.37489/0235-2990-2020-65-7-8-31-36 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (7-8) ◽

pp. 31-36

Author(s):

N. M. Krasnova ◽

N. E. Evdokimova ◽

A. A. Egorova ◽

O. I. Filippova ◽

E. A. Alekseeva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Clinical Laboratory ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Normal Activity ◽

Slow Acetylators ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Newly Diagnosed ◽

Single Nucleotide ◽

Tuberculosis Chemotherapy ◽

Genetically Determined

Introduction. Liver damage can be a dangerous side effect of using isoniazid. Individual susceptibility to isoniazid in humans is dependent on the presence of N-acetyltransferase 2 allelic variants in genome. It was imperative to assess the effect of genetically determined isoniazid acetylation rate in terms of risk of developing isoniazid-induced hepatotoxicity, as well as prevention of potential hepatopathy, and improvement of tuberculosis chemotherapy safety. Aim. To study the effect of acetylation type on the incidence of isoniazid hepatotoxicity in residents of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods. The study included 112 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis. Genotyping was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The following single nucleotide polymorphisms were studied: rs1801280, rs1799930, rs1799931, rs1799929, rs1208, rs1041983. Hepatotoxicity was determined based on the results of clinical laboratory monitoring and using the criteria developed by the European Association for the Study of the Liver (2019). Results. Hepatotoxic reactions developed more often in slow acetylators (43.2%), compared to fast acetylators (20.7%) and intermediate acetylators (10.9%); p=0.002. Serum alanine aminotransferase activity was 5 or more times above the upper limit of normal activity in 37.8% of slow acetylators, and in 8.7% of intermediate acetylators; p=0.001. Clinical manifestations of isoniazid hepatotoxicity were observed more often in slow acetylators (29.7%), than in fast acetylators (3.4%); p=0.000. Conclusion. Slow acetylation type ought to be considered an important risk factor for developing isoniazid hepatotoxicity in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

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Molecular characteristics of drug-resistance Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from extra pulmonary tuberculosis sites

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed ) ◽

10.1016/j.eimce.2020.04.007 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 168-173

Author(s):

Tongxin Li ◽

Tao Shi ◽

Ying Sun ◽

Fei Chen ◽

Wenxue Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Molecular Characteristics ◽

Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Extra Pulmonary

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Genomic Variations in Drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains Collected from Patients with Different Localization of Infection

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10010027 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 27

Author(s):

Ekaterina Chernyaeva ◽

Mikhail Rotkevich ◽

Ksenia Krasheninnikova ◽

Alla Lapidus ◽

Dmitrii E. Polev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Resistance ◽

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽

Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

Central Asia ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Treatment Success ◽

Point Mutations ◽

Whole Genome Sequence ◽

Public Health Importance ◽

Resistance Patterns

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a highly studied pathogen due to public health importance. Despite this, problems like early drug resistance, diagnostics and treatment success prediction are still not fully resolved. Here, we analyze the incidence of point mutations widely used for drug resistance detection in laboratory practice and conduct comparative analysis of whole-genome sequence (WGS) for clinical M. tuberculosis strains collected from patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (XPTB) localization. A total of 72 pulmonary and 73 extrapulmonary microbiologically characterized M. tuberculosis isolates were collected from patients from 2007 to 2014 in Russia. Genomic DNA was used for WGS and obtained data allowed identifying major mutations known to be associated with drug resistance to first-line and second-line antituberculous drugs. In some cases previously described mutations were not identified. Using genome-based phylogenetic analysis we identified M. tuberculosis substrains associated with distinctions in the occurrence in PTB vs. XPTB cases. Phylogenetic analyses did reveal M. tuberculosis genetic substrains associated with TB localization. XPTB was associated with Beijing sublineages Central Asia (Beijing CAO), Central Asia Clade A (Beijing A) and 4.8 groups, while PTB localization was associated with group LAM (4.3). Further, the XPTB strain in some cases showed elevated drug resistance patterns relative to PTB isolates. HIV was significantly associated with the development of XPTB in the Beijing B0/W148 group and among unclustered Beijing isolates.

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