scholarly journals Bilevel models of investment and tax policy formation in the resource region

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-62
Author(s):  
S.M. Antzys ◽  
◽  
S.M. Lavlinskii ◽  
A.A. Panin ◽  
A.V. Pljasunov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tax Policy ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Equilibrium Solutions ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Environmental Measures

An analysis is presented of the mechanism of investment and tax policy formation in the resource region, whereby the government provides tax incentives and supports the investor in infrastructure development and, to some extent, in the implementation of mandatory environmental measures. The analysis builds on the bilevel Boolean programming problems. The actual data and dimensions of the model test site capture the specificity of the modeled object and make possible a practical study of the properties of equilibrium solutions. The simulation results indicate the need to take into account the complementarity of investment and tax policies in the strategic planning process. In general, to stimulate private investment, the state should use a full set of tools — to build infrastructure, implement part of the necessary environmental protection measures and provide certain commodity projects with tax incentives of a certain level. The methodology for the formation of such a policy should be based on an analysis of investors’ proposals, general plans for the development of the territory and a search for a compromise of the interests of the budget, population and private investor. The field of application of the research results is the development of a scenario for the development of local natural resources, including infrastructure development plans and investment proposal packages containing rules for granting tax incentives.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Socio-Economic Objectives of India’s Tax Policy

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
K V Bhanu Murthy
Keyword(s):  
Tax Policy ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Tax Credits ◽  
State Governments ◽  
Investment Climate ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Effective Instrument ◽  
The Government ◽  
Business Entities

The Indian tax system has successfully mobilised resources to finance administrative, welfare and developmental activities of public authorities. Besides being the main source of revenue for both Central and State Governments, it is an effective instrument to realise various socio-economic objectives of national policies. Further, tax policy is an important determinant of the investment climate in a country. This paper looks at the socio-economic objectives that the tax policy intends to achieve along with the steps taken to restructure the tax system in accordance with these objectives. Tax laws in India are replete with various exemptions, concessions, deductions, allowances, tax credits etc. to promote a host of desirable economic and social activities. These tax incentives encourage individuals and business entities to undertake activities desired by the government.

scholarly journals TAX INCENTIVES FOR INDONESIAN PHILANTHROPY: THE BALANCE OF EFFECTIVENESS OF PULL FACTOR AND THE ROLE OF THE STATE

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haula Rosdiana ◽  
Murwendah Murwendah ◽  
Inayati Inayati
Keyword(s):  
Tax Policy ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Fund Raising ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Pull Factor ◽  
The Government ◽  
Tax Deduction

Philanthropy is not merely a fund-raising activity. It means an activity that has strong relation with social activity. Philanthropy is significant to consider in building public participation in governance or at least in helping the government’s role to implement the allocation function related to social welfare. In Indonesia, tax incentives for philanthropy are categorized into two, namely tax exemption and tax deduction. Tax exemption applies to donations or income derived from non-profit organizations, while tax deduction applies to the donor or philanthropists, both individuals and companies. In addition, there are incentives for property taxes and tax on motor vehicles provided by the provincial/ local government. In practice, philanthropy still leaves tax-related issues that must be shouldered by donors, recipients, and donation collectors. This issue is crucial because it has the potential to reduce the attractiveness of tax incentives to encourage people to engage in philanthropy activities in Indonesia.   This study aims to evaluate the tax policy on philanthropy in Indonesia. This study applied constructivism paradigm. The data are collected through documentation, literature review, and field studies through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD). The data are analyzed using mixed approach. The findings of this study indicate that the lack of dynamics in current tax policy is not in harmony with the rapid development of increasingly varied philanthropic activities. Therefore, the donors and recipients face uncertainty related to taxation on philanthropy including tax treatment and tax incentives that can be obtained from the government. Applicable tax policies have not been able to provide incentives for various types of taxes but Income Tax in the form of tax deduction and tax exemption. Unfortunately, this type of incentive is relatively unappealing to philanthropic activists. In other words, the policy of tax incentives on philanthropy activities has not been a pull factor for the community to be more actively involved in philanthropy activities.  Furthermore, the issues associated with tax administration are still found in its implementation. Regulatory improvement is necessary, including accommodation of incentives for all types of taxes on philanthropy in Indonesia, as an appreciation for citizens who have strengthened the government's role in the prosperity of society.

scholarly journals АНАЛІЗ ТЕНДЕНЦІЙ РОЗВИТКУ СИСТЕМИ ДЕРЖАВНО-ПРИВАТНОГО ПАРТНЕРСТВА НА РИНКУ ПОСЛУГ АВТОМОБІЛЬНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ

2021 ◽  
Vol 151 (5) ◽  
pp. 94-103
Author(s):  
Даниїл В. Лапоног
Keyword(s):  
Private Investment ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Public Private Partnership ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Partnership Development ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The Government

The article seeks to provide insights into contemporary research in public-private partnership development in the road transport market. The study reviews a range of world public-private partnership best practices which demonstrate that effective interaction between government and business at different levels (national, subnational and regional) allows to attract and allocate investment resources more effectively, thus contributing to creating new jobs, promoting better infrastructure development and enhancing the overall quality of life in the country. It is argued that among the key factors boosting the public-private partnership market development the most significant is the level of institutionalization. It is also asserted that this factor, in combination with the relevant political environment and the capital market specifics, facilitates building successful partnerships. Moreover, government initiatives together with legal and regulatory interaction frameworks shape solid foundation to encourage further public-private partnership development by gaining positive effects from successful implementation of such partnerships, designing roadmaps and unified standard procedures and processes aimed at simplifying the relationships between the private sector and the government. Apart from the above, it is highlighted that the institutional factor aligned with the government strategic goals affects the formation and legitimation of public-private partnership markets. The study also provides argument that through the models of public-private partnerships the public sector can benefit, in the first place by utilizing resources of private companies, thus fostering further infrastructure development and raising the effectiveness and efficiency of road transport services market. The findings reveal that the purpose of public-private partnership programs institutionalization in the sector of road transport services is to enhance government motivation to attract private investment and offer new road network services based on public-private partnership contracts which will contribute to ensure the quality of road services.

Private funds to underpin Ecuador infrastructure push

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Private Investment ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Political Challenge ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
The Government ◽  
Regional Elections

Subject Infrastructure politics. Significance In its efforts to improve Ecuador’s infrastructure, President Lenin Moreno’s government has turned to the private sector and international organisations. Infrastructure development is a key political challenge for Moreno, particularly given the substantial improvements made in this area by his predecessor and ally-turned-rival, Rafael Correa. The government is also grappling with corruption networks and embarking on a long-term programme of fiscal consolidation -- two factors that look certain to complicate matters further for Moreno. Impacts Infrastructure will be a key topic in next year’s regional elections, especially projects relating to basic services. Private investment and public-private partnerships will help the government limit the rise of public overseas debt. The opening of Quito’s new metro will put pressure on Guayaquil’s local government to pursue major new developments.

scholarly journals Infrastructure Development in India and the Role of Tax Incentives

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niti Bhasin
Keyword(s):  
Private Investment ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Economic Rationale ◽  
Substantial Progress ◽  
Infrastructure Services

The demand for infrastructural services has increased rapidly after industrial liberalisation of the Indian economy. Recent years have witnessed substantial progress from the old paradigm of public monopoly provision of infrastructure services to the new paradigm which also encourages private investment and provision of infrastructure services within a stable, predictable and commercially viable regulatory framework. The case for attracting FDI is also significantly strengthened through the provision of an adequate level of infrastructure. There is thus adequate economic rationale for encouraging the sponsorship of infrastructure projects and to facilitate investments in this sector. In this context, the provision of fiscal benefits implies a contribution from government that is supported by benefits accruing from the externalities of the project. In the absence of such contribution, the private investment flows may not take place at all. This paper looks at the types of tax incentives being offered in the infrastructure sector that can contribute to mobilising private resources in the financing of projects.

Tax competition and the activity of the regional tax policy

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-27
Author(s):  
S. M. Drobyshevsky ◽  
N. S. Kostrykina ◽  
A. V. Korytin
Keyword(s):  
Tax Competition ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Policy Instruments ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Fiscal Autonomy ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
Tax Exemptions ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Regional Budgets

The problem of efficiency of regional tax expenditures is an actual issue of the fiscal policy and fiscal federalism in Russia. A large fiscal autonomy allows federal subjects to realize a more active tax policy to attract new investments. One cannot claim current fiscal powers of the Russian regions to be wide. However, not all the regions use even existing tax policy instruments. Moreover, out of the regions that use them only few provide incentives to stimulate investment decisions. Others use regional tax measures to support businesses that already have strong positions in the region. And it is an open question whether such tax incentives are efficient. On the other hand, an aggressive tax competition for investors can also be wasteful for regional budgets. In this paper, we calculate indicators that characterize the depth and scope of tax exemptions provided at the regional level. The calculations are based on the open tax statistics. Through the analysis of the tax legislation as well as the economic structure of selected regions, we reveal the inducements of their higher activity: federal regional tax policy, tax competition or benefits for budget-forming companies of the region.

Institutional environment creating for attracting investment into infrastructure: The cases of Russian regions

2019 ◽  
pp. 134-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Borshchevskiy
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Behavior Of Government ◽  
The City ◽  
Nenets Autonomous ◽  
Practical Recommendations

The article examines the institutional process in a regional economy connected with the infrastructure development. We use the neoinstitutional approach to study factors that influence the behavior of government and business in their interaction in the economy. We also use statistical methods to analyze the dynamics of socio-economic development indicators of the subjects of the Russian Federation as well as the results of measures to attract private investment into infrastructure, including the PPP. We chose the city of Moscow and the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District as two empirical case studies which differ in economic and geographic conditions, but both demonstrate success in attracting private investment and implementing infrastructure projects. Our conclusions are consistent with a theory that asserts the primacy of institutional environment in relation to project implementation. We make also some practical recommendations for the development of the institutional environment which are acceptable for all regions solving similar problems of infrastructure development.

CORRELATION BETWEEN TAX POLICY AND CORRUPTION IN THE LEGAL PERSPECTIVE FOR COUNTRY'S ECONOMIC GROWTH

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 205
Author(s):  
Gideon J. ◽  
Edgar H. ◽  
Ivan I. ◽  
Nabil N. ◽  
Aptina A. ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Transparency International ◽  
Tax Amnesty ◽  
Legal Perspective ◽  
State Income ◽  
The Government

<p>People Tax is the main source of state income. The better the tax policy of a country, the better the development of a country. One of the factors that influence the level of public awareness in paying taxes is corruption. Study shows that tax collection is one of them influenced by corruption. In the data of Corruption Perceptions Index 2016 reported by Transparency International, Indonesia is ranked 90 out of 176 countries. Tax evasion is a serious problem for many countries. Every year, the government loses revenue potential as many residents evade taxes in various ways. For this reason, the government implements tax amnesty. Tax amnesty is designed to permanently reduce the amount of underground economy activity, thereby increasing tax revenues in the future and developing countries can grow well.</p>

PENGARUH PEMBANGUNAN INFRASTRUKTUR TERHADAP PDRB DI PROVINSI INDONESIA

Wahana ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
Suripto Suripto ◽  
Eva Dwi Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Infrastructure Investment ◽  
Water Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Health Infrastructure ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
The Government

Economic growth is one indicator to measure  the success of economic development in a country. Economic development is closely related to infrastructure. Infrastructure development will have an impact on economic growth both directly and indirectly. Therefore, the role of the government in determining infrastructure development policies is very important to increase economic growth in Indonesia. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of infrastructure on economic growth in Indonesia including road infrastructure, electricity infrastructure, investment, water infrastructure, education infrastructure and health infrastructure in Indonesia in 2015-2017.The analytical tool used in this study is panel data regression with the approach of Fixed Effect Model. The spatial coverage of this study is all provinces in Indonesia, namely 34 provinces, with a series of data from 2015 to 2017 with a total of 102 observations. The data used is secondary data obtained from BPS Indonesia.The results of the study show that (1) the road infrastructure variables have a negative and not significant effect on GDRP. (2) electrical infrastructure variables have a negative and not significant effect on GDRP. (3) investment variables have a positive and significant effect on GDRP. (4) water infrastructure variables have a positive and not significant effect on GDRP. (5) educational infrastructure variables have a positive and not significant effect on GDRP. (6) health infrastructure variables have a positive and significant effect on GDRP. Keywords: development, infrastructure, investment, GDRP, panel data

Dampak Insentif Pajak Perumahan Terhadap Potensi Penerimaan Pajak Negara Dan Peningkatan Pendapatan Masyarakat : Kasus Provinsi Papua

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-22
Author(s):  
Towaf Totok Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
House Prices ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
High Price ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Until now the government and private sector have not been able to address the backlog of 13.5 million housing units for ownership status and 7.6 million units for residential status. The high price of land has led to the high price of the house so that low-income communities (MBR) is not able to reach out to make a home purchase. In addition to the high price of land, tax factors also contribute to the high price of the house. The government plans to issue a policy for the provision of tax incentives, ie abolish VAT on home-forming material transaction. This policy is expected to house prices become cheaper, so the demand for housing increases, and encourage the relevant sectors to intensify its role in the construction of houses. It is expected to replace the lost tax potential and increase incomes. Analysis of the impact of tax incentives housing to potential state revenue and an increase in people's income, especially in Papua province is using the table IO because in addition to looking at the role each sector can also see the impact on taxes (income tax 21 Pph 25 Pph, VAT), and incomes (wage). Although in the short-term impact is still small, but very rewarding in the long run. Keywords: Backlog, Gross Input, Primary Input, Intermediate Input

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document