scholarly journals Visus iste non a carne trahebatur. Rola zmysłów w kontemplacji w księdze VII i IX "Wyznań" Augustyna

Vox Patrum ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 337-358
Author(s):  
Mateusz Stróżyński
Keyword(s):  
Early Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Paradoxical Situation ◽  
The Senses ◽  
The One

The purpose of the paper is to examine the role of the senses in contempla­tion in Book Seven and Nine of Augustine’s Confessions. The bishop of Hippo’s conception of contemplation is deeply influenced by Plotinus, especially in the early period, and this influence is present e.g. in the distiniguishing of two forms of contemplation: the one in which all sensible objects are eliminated from aware­ness and the one in which they are present or used as a medium of contempla­tion. A method which leads to contemplation in which the senses are completely absent is the Plotinian method of „agnoetic meditation”. The method appears in Augustine as well, both in Book Seven and Book Nine. The forms of the contem­plation of God, which are described there, do not involve the senses, and their sole object is God. It generates a paradoxical situation especially in the vision of Ostia, where the „beyond body” contemplation is impossible to reconcile with the resurrection of the body and seeing God in the body. Augustine does not solve the paradox which is of a great importance, since it shows the tension between Platonic philosophy and Christian revelation.

The Great Complement Shift and the role of understood subjects: The case of fearful

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Gentens ◽  
Juhani Rudanko
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Explanatory Factors ◽  
Diachronic Change ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Control Patterns ◽  
The One

Abstract This article reports on a corpus-based study of diachronic change and constructional competition in the system of English complementation, with a focus on variation in non-finite complements of the adjective fearful. Fearful occurs with prepositional (of -ing) subject-controlled gerunds and with to-infinitives, which can further be distinguished into subject extraposition, subject control, and tough-constructions. Recent decades show a drastic decline of the to-infinitival patterns, concomitant to the loss of one of the senses of fearful. We examine the diachronic distribution and competition of the two construction pairs that show functional overlap, i.e. tough-constructions and extraposition constructions on the one hand, and infinitival and gerundial subject-control patterns on the other. This allows us to show the import of the ‘Great Complement Shift’ in the face of constructional attrition and to investigate new principles motivating the choice for either the to-infinitival or the gerundial subject-control construction. More specifically, the study provides further evidence for the ‘Choice Principle’, which involves the (lack of) agentivity of the understood subject in the event described by the lower clause. In this way, the study adds new explanatory factors and descriptive insights to our knowledge of the broader diachronic change known as the Great Complement Shift.

A mathematical model for the evolution of solute concentrations in a hemodialysis filter

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 1850015
Author(s):  
A. Fasano ◽  
G. Guarnieri ◽  
A. Farina
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Time ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The Body ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Transport Mechanisms ◽  
Constant Input ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
The One

We consider the process of hemodialysis performed by means of a hollow fiber dialyzer with a special focus on the dynamics of the light solutes (including metabolic waste products) through the porous fibers membrane. The model we illustrate here completes the one formulated in a previous paper in which solutes concentrations in the dialyzate were neglected. Exploiting the large difference between the characteristic time of the processes in the machine and the relaxation time to equilibrium in the body, we confine our study to the case of constant input data in order to emphasize the role of the solute transport mechanisms. Numerical solutions show that diffusion is dominant at the early stage of filtration.

scholarly journals Role of the footnotes to articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine regarding differentiation of criminal responsibility

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Natalia Antoniuk
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
The Body ◽  
Paradoxical Situation ◽  
Special Part ◽  
General Part ◽  
Key Terms

Footnotes to articles of the Criminal Code of Ukraine have a function of making understanding the essence of the features of the body of crime easier. These features are clarified or detailed in the footnotes. Nevertheless, sometimes the legislator awards the footnote with functions it does not comply with. Such an approach of the legislator led to the discussion if the footnote can prescribe the features of the body of crime as the disposition of the norm does. However, the analysis of the footnotes to articles of the Criminal Code allows us to make the conclusion that the mentioned above approach is not executed in full scope by the legislator while constructing the text of the footnote. In some footnotes the legislator clarifies such an important feature of crime as volume of damages, in the others – defines feature of repeated crime. Moreover, sometimes the footnote substitutes the disposition of the article and leads to differentiation of criminal responsibility. This is a rather paradoxical situation when criminality of the action is not directly prescribed in the disposition but takes ground from the supplemental element of the article. We can illustrate the above said using the example of the footnotes to articles 149 and 303 of the Criminal Code in the part of actions encroaching minor victims or victims under the age of 18 years old. For instance, in certain footnotes to these articles the legislator has prescribed that methods of committing these crimes don’t matter. So, methods as the essential features of bodies of mentioned crimes lose their obligatory role, if crimes are committed versus minors or persons under age. We suggest that the differentiation of criminal responsibility must not be done using footnotes. It is necessary to mention an important differentiating role of the footnote to article 45 of the Criminal Code, which envisages list of corruption offences. We suppose that such a key definitions shall be interpreted in certain articles of the Code but not in the footnotes. Optimally – terminological chapter is to be implemented into the Criminal Code. The footnote to the article of the Special Part of the Criminal Code must only detail or clarify the essence of the features of crime, but cannot broaden their essence or volume. The footnote shall not obtain normative character in the meaning of establishing criminality of the action. If the necessity to define some unified notions in the Criminal Code occurs, then it should be defined within the borders of the terminological chapter of the code. Features of the body of crime must be directly prescribed in the disposition of the Special Part of the Criminal Code. It is necessary to remove footnotes-definitions and footnotes-lists to the terminological chapter. At the same time, it is important to remember that the terminological chapter in the General Part of the Code is cross-cutting. So, if the necessity to clarify or to detail something concerning the body of specific crime occurs, the legislator can easily do this with the use of the footnote. Key terms: footnote, differentiation of criminal responsibility, disposition of the article.

scholarly journals Body, Possibility and Biographical Interpretation

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-87
Author(s):  
Anabela Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Visual Interpretation ◽  
Individual Interaction ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
World Perspective

The aim of this article is to demonstrate how body-representations offer an opportunity for its visual interpretation from a biographical point of view, enhancing, on the one hand, the image’s own narrative dynamics, and, on the other, the role of the body as a place of incorporation of experiences, as well as, a vehicle mediating the individual interaction with the world. Perspective founded in the works of the artists Helena Almeida and Jorge Molder, who use self-representation as an expression of these incorporated (lived) experiences, constitutes an important discursive construction and structuring of their narrative identity through visual creation, the artists enable the other with moments of sharing knowledge, creativity and subjectivity, contributing also to the construction of the contemporary, cultural and social imagery.

Wolfhart Pannenberg

2018 ◽  
pp. 486-504
Author(s):  
Friedericke Nuessel
Keyword(s):  
Kingdom Of God ◽  
The Body ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Systematic Theology ◽  
Body Of Christ ◽  
Civil State ◽  
Wolfhart Pannenberg ◽  
The One ◽  
The Church

This chapter describes the development of Wolfhart Pannenberg’s ecclesiology in his early work and explores his fully developed ecclesiology in the Systematic Theology of 1993. It analyses the fundamental role of the church to be a sign and foretaste of the kingdom of God. This involves a constitutive self-distinction of the church from any political order or civil state on the one hand and from the future kingdom of God on the other. Moreover, the chapter emphasizes the simultaneity of individual salvation and incorporation into the church as the body of Christ in Pannenberg, and demonstrates the ecclesiological task to overcome the divisions between churches in order to witness to the unity, holiness, catholicity, and apostolicity of the church.

scholarly journals Metabolism Characteristics of Lactic Acid Bacteria and the Expanding Applications in Food Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqi Wang ◽  
Jiangtao Wu ◽  
Mengxin Lv ◽  
Zhen Shao ◽  
Meluleki Hungwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fermented Food ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Metabolic Characteristics ◽  
The One

Lactic acid bacteria are a kind of microorganisms that can ferment carbohydrates to produce lactic acid, and are currently widely used in the fermented food industry. In recent years, with the excellent role of lactic acid bacteria in the food industry and probiotic functions, their microbial metabolic characteristics have also attracted more attention. Lactic acid bacteria can decompose macromolecular substances in food, including degradation of indigestible polysaccharides and transformation of undesirable flavor substances. Meanwhile, they can also produce a variety of products including short-chain fatty acids, amines, bacteriocins, vitamins and exopolysaccharides during metabolism. Based on the above-mentioned metabolic characteristics, lactic acid bacteria have shown a variety of expanded applications in the food industry. On the one hand, they are used to improve the flavor of fermented foods, increase the nutrition of foods, reduce harmful substances, increase shelf life, and so on. On the other hand, they can be used as probiotics to promote health in the body. This article reviews and prospects the important metabolites in the expanded application of lactic acid bacteria from the perspective of bioengineering and biotechnology.

Analysis and Active Control of the Flow Around Two Following Ahmed Bodies

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles-Henri Bruneau ◽  
Khodor Khadra ◽  
Iraj Mortazavi
Keyword(s):  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Active Control ◽  
Bluff Body ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Pressure Force ◽  
Vortical Structures ◽  
The One ◽  
Two Bodies

The aim of this work is on the one hand to show that the drag coefficient of a bluff body is mainly linked to the vortical structures in the close wake of the body. Thus an active control can be used to push away these structures to decrease the pressure forces at the back and consequently to reduce the drag coefficient. On the other hand a study of the platooning is performed. When two bodies are following each other with a short distance between them, the presence of the first body changes significantly the pressure force in front of the second one as a weak flow is present in between. The first body plays the role of a buckler and so the second body has to face completely different flow conditions. Therefore the drag of the second body is drastically reduced as shown on the results. Finally a control of the flow around the first body gives promising and surprising results.

Reading, Listening, and Performing in Wilhelm Heinse’s Hildegard von Hohenthal (1796)

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 502-529
Author(s):  
Thomas Irvine
Keyword(s):  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
Aesthetic Judgment ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Musical Meaning ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
The Senses ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One ◽  
Musical Listening

Early in Wilhelm Heinse’s eccentric novel Hildegard von Hohenthal (1796) his characters confront the problem of how music works on the senses. The novel’s hero, Kapellmeister Lockmann, tunes a piano—to an idiosyncratic temperament of his own invention—as he proposes an intensely physical model for musical listening. He uses this demonstration, while simultaneously trying to start a love affair with the novel’s heroine, Hildegard von Hohenthal, to reclaim older ideas about natural temperaments and key characteristics in an era of heightened interest in the anatomy of cognition. But Heinse’s own opinions are not always the same as those of his characters. Drawing on his notebooks, I trace how Heinse struggled to come to terms with opposing views of his friend and colleague, the anatomist Samuel Thomas Soemmering, and of the philosopher Immanuel Kant of how sound affects the body. Soemmering’s Über das Organ der Seele (1796) and Kant’s Critique of Aesthetic Judgment (1790) both act as intertexts and paratexts to the novel, and Heinse more than once splits his own opinions about both books between his characters. The tuning scene addresses important questions about the hierarchy of the senses, the creation of musical meaning, and the freedom of performers and listeners to form their own interpretations of music. Heinse’s naturalist ideas about musical agency rub against the grain of a narrative—still current today—dominated by a transaction between heroic composers on the one side and awe-struck listeners on the other. To re-assess these ideas is to re-imagine a crucial hinge in music history.

Experienced Anxiety and Death Impulse in Diabetic Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Ndje Mireille
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chronic Patient ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Death Drive ◽  
Clinical Interviews ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
The One ◽  
And Control

The drive and the experience of the diabetic adolescent have been extensively discussed, but not enough the one of the death drive in teenagers suffering from diabetes. Some researchers have addressed this issue raising the expression of suffering and the role of caregivers in caring for the person with diabetes. The refusal to be treated is due to the fact that diabetes unlike other chronic diseases requires daily injections, adherence to a diet and control of blood sugar every day. We are interested in the teenager who is invaded by the death drive due to the imprint of diabetes on his adolescence thereby weakening his psyche. The main goal is to understand the experiences of non-compliant adolescents living with diabetes. To achieve this, we used the clinical method and the clinical interviews have been done at the Central Hospital of Yaoundé from three participants. These interviews have been treated through a content analysis and the findings show that diabetes sound on the psyche of the teenager. So, this disease cause suffering, pain related to daily injections that grow some adolescents with non-therapeutic compliance and even refusal to seek treatment. Thus, this disease destroys the body of the adolescent, limits his pleasures, disintegrates his body, makes him suffer. Indeed, it damages the body of the adolescent, destroys it for the sole purpose of annihilating it. All these difficulties related to the disease in adolescence weaken his psyche and develop in him the death drive. This allowed us to the deadly trends in the adolescent who suffers because of his posture of chronic patient as well as all the restrictions imposed by the disease to adolescence weakening his psyche that could lead to an uncertain death.

Role of SST for the predictability of summer atmospheric teleconnections in the Euro-Atlantic region with Self-Organising Maps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julianna Carvalho Oliveira ◽  
Leonard Borchert ◽  
Vimal Koul ◽  
Johanna Baehr ◽  
Eduardo Zorita
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Max Planck ◽  
The North ◽  
Predictive Skill ◽  
Atmospheric Teleconnections ◽  
Machine Learning Approach ◽  
Summer Temperatures ◽  
The One

<p>We investigate the seasonal predictability of the two dominant atmospheric teleconnections associated with the North Atlantic Jet: the Summer North Atlantic Oscillation (SNAO) and East Atlantic Pattern (EAP). We go beyond standard forecast practices by combining an ensemble predictions system with a machine learning approach. Specifically, we combine on the one hand a 30-member hindcast ensemble initialised every May between 1902 and 2008 in the Max Planck Institute Earth System Model in mixed resolution (MPI-ESM-MR), with on the other hand a neural network-based classifier Self-Organising Maps (SOM) in the ERA-20C reanalysis. We use the SOM to identify a sub-ensemble in which simulated North Atlantic sea surface temperatures (SST) at the initialisation of the prediction system (i.e. April) are linked to atmospheric modes.</p><p>While we find for summer climate at 3-4 months lead time only limited predictive skill in the ensemble mean of MPI-ESM-MR, we find significant predictive skill over many areas in the SOM-based sub-ensemble. Our results suggest that the predictive skill of European summer temperatures can be linked to the predictive skill of SNAO and EAP, which stems in turn from the – with skill predictable - temperature gradient between subpolar and subtropical gyres. We also demonstrate the predictive skill is time dependent, with high skill over the late half of the time series (1955 - 2008) and low skill in the early period (1902 - 1954).</p>

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