scholarly journals Analysis of the probability of connectivity of a telecommunications network based on the reduction of several non-connectivity events to a union of independent events

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-63
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Batenkov ◽  
Kirill Batenkov ◽  
Aleksandr Fokin
Keyword(s):  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Connectivity Probability ◽  
Independent Events ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
Probability Of Connectivity ◽  
Analytical Relations ◽  
Sums Of Products ◽  
Routine Procedures

Introduction: For large and structurally complex telecommunication networks, calculating the connectivity probability turns out to be a very cumbersome and time-consuming process due to the huge number of elements in the resulting expression. The most expedient way out of this situation is a method based on the representation of a network connectivity event in the form of sums of products of incompatible events. However, this method also requires performing additional operations on sets in some cases. Purpose: To eliminate the main disadvantages of the method using multi-variable inversion. Results: It is shown that the connectivity event of a graph should be interpreted as a union of connectivity events of all its subgraphs, which leads to the validity of the expression for the connectivity event of the network in the form of a union of connectivity events of typical subgraphs (path, backbone, and in general, a multi-pole tree) of the original random graph. An iterative procedure is proposed for bringing a given number of connectivity events to the union of independent events by sequentially adding subgraph disjoint events. The possibility of eliminating repetitive routine procedures inherent in methods using multi-variable inversion is proved by considering not the union of connectivity events (incoherence) degenerating into the sum of incompatible products, but the intersection of opposite events, which also leads to a similar sum. However, to obtain this sum, there is no need to perform a multi-variable inversion for each of the terms over all those previously analyzed. Practical relevance: The obtained analytical relations can be applied in the analysis of reliability, survivability or stability of complex telecommunications networks.

THE METHOD OF ESTIMATION FRACTAL DIMENSION OF THE TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ф.Х. НАХЛИ ◽  
А.И. ПАРАМОНОВ
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Telecommunication Network ◽  
Shortest Paths ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
New Method ◽  
Topological Properties

Анализируется фрактальная размерность (ФР) сети связи и ее использование для исследования и планирования сетей связи. Рассматривается применение метода «выращивания кластера» для оценки ФР и предлагается новый метод определения ФР сети, основанный на оценивании связности сети путем поиска кратчайших путей. Показано, что оценка ФР сети является дополнительной характеристикой, отражающей топологические свойства сети. Дается сравнительный анализ предложенного метода и «выращивания кластера». Полученные результаты позволяют выбрать метод и получить оценки ФР сети в зависимости от ее особенностей. The paper analyzes the fractal dimension of the network and its use for telecommunication networks research and planning. The analysis of the "cluster growing" method for assessing the fractal dimension is given and a new method for assessing the fractal dimensionof anetwork is proposed, based onassessing the network connectivity by finding the shortest paths. The article shows that the assessment of the fractal dimension of the network is an additional characteristic that reflects the topological properties of the network. Comparative analysis of the proposed method and "cluster growing" is given. The results obtained make it possible to select a method and obtain estimates of the fractal dimension of the network, depending on its features.

Development of Federal telecommunication and computer infrastructure for research and education

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.А. Гончар ◽  
А.П. Овсянников ◽  
А.А. Сорокин ◽  
Б.М. Шабанов ◽  
А.В. Юрченко
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Computer Network ◽  
Far East ◽  
Service Level Agreement ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Research And Education

Развитие национальной телекоммуникационной сети науки и образования играет ключевую роль в проведении научных исследований в современных условиях. В 2019 г. создана Национальная исследовательская компьютерная сеть (НИКС) телекоммуникационная сеть федерального масштаба, которая должна представлять национальную сеть науки и образования на международной арене. Планы развития НИКС включают организацию магистральной кольцевой инфраструктуры на территории Сибирского и Дальневосточного федеральных округов, расширение взаимодействия с региональными сетями, развитие сетевых сервисов, в том числе передачи данных с заданными требованиями по уровню обслуживания. Реализация планов позволит существенно расширить возможности информационно-телекоммуникационной инфраструктуры сферы науки и образования для проектов мегасайенс, высокопроизводительных и распределенных вычислений, искусственного интеллекта. National research and educational network (NREN) is a key factor for modern research and education. The article considers the prospects and directions of the NREN development in the Russian Federation. In 2019, as a result of the merging of the departmental research and educational networks RUNNet and RASNet, a federal scale telecommunications network called the National research computer network (NRCN) was created. It should play the role of a NREN for the international cooperation projects. The concept of NRCN was approved at the Meeting of the Council of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation on information and telecommunication infrastructure, information security and supercomputer technologies. NRCN development plans include setting up the circle backbone infrastructure as well as deploying the federal network nodes in the Siberia and the Far East and providing effective interconnection to the present regional network nodes. The plan is intended to optimize network connectivity and to improve the quality of the data transmission as well as to implement Service Level Agreement (SLA) and variety network services for research and education. The implementation of the considered plans will significantly improve the reliability of the backbone and regional components of the NRCN, expand the potential of the IT infrastructure for research and education, focused on the MegaScience, highperformance and distributed computing, Big Data, Deep Learning and AI.

Urban Telecommunications Network

2010 ◽  
pp. 77-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
Hoon Jung Han
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Location Based Services ◽  
Infrastructure Management ◽  
Late 20Th Century ◽  
Digital Devices ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
Recent Developments

Rapidly developing information and telecommunication technologies and their platforms in the late 20th Century helped improve urban infrastructure management and influenced quality of life. Telecommunication technologies make it possible for people to deliver text, audio and video material using wired, wireless or fiber-optic networks. Technologies convergence amongst these digital devices continues to create new ways in which the information and telecommunication technologies are used. The 21st Century is an era where information has converged, in which people are able to access a variety of services, including internet and location based services, through multi-functional devices such as mobile phones. This chapter discusses the recent developments in telecommunication networks and trends in convergence technologies, their implications for urban infrastructure planning, and for the quality of life of urban residents.

scholarly journals Researching the Impact of Parameters of the Developed Routing Models on Network Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Alhihi ◽  
Hani Attar ◽  
Mohammad Samour ◽  
Artem Akulynichev
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Oriented Graph ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Network Maintenance ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
Routing Methods ◽  
The Impact

Nowadays, it is hard to imagine work without applying the principle of computer networks, and every day the requirement for high-quality network maintenance is increasing. In order to have a high-quality network; always optimize QoS through the optimization of routing protocols is required. In this paper, the scientific task of optimizing routing processes in hybrid telecommunication networks with guaranteed quality of service is solved by developing models and methods of adaptive routing. To develop methods, a system of Telecommunications network (TN) mathematical models was constructed at the levels of its morphological and functional descriptions. We used a weighted oriented graph as a structural model. Formalization of the main indicators of the network operation efficiency is carried out, which are the network performance (or its derivatives – relative and normalized performances) and indicators of the degree of use of network resources – buffer memory capacities of nodes and bandwidth of the transmission paths. In this paper, an experimental study of the developed models and routing methods was carried out in order to verify their adequacy, evaluate the effectiveness, and develop practical recommendations. The scheme of experiment, focusing on the investigation of processes occurring in the network while solving routing tasks (data gathering, RT processing, distribution, and implementation), is proposed.

Design of High Capacity Survivable Networks

2007 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Varadharajan Sridhar ◽  
June Park
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Survivable Networks ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Network Cost ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
Terminal Reliability ◽  
Network Component

Survivability, also known as terminal reliability, refers to keeping at least one path between specified network nodes so that some or all of traffic between nodes is routed through. Survivability in high capacity telecommunication networks is crucial as failure of network component such as nodes or links between nodes can potentially bring down the whole communication network, as happened in some real-world cases. Adding redundant network components increases the survivability of a network with an associated increase in cost. In this chapter we consider the design of survivable telecommunications network architecture that uses high-capacity transport facilities. The model considers selection of capacitated links and routing of multicommodity traffic flow in the network that minimizes overall network cost. Two node disjoint paths are selected for each commodity. In case of failure of the primary path, a portion of the traffic for each commodity is rerouted through the secondary path. The methodology presented in this chapter can be used by the network designer to construct cost-effective high capacity survivable networks.

scholarly journals PROBABILITY OF THE UTILITY NETWORKS DOUBLE-RING STRUCTURES’ CONNECTIVITY FOR SITES WITH VARIOUS RELIABILITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (50) ◽  
pp. 270-277
Author(s):  
V. H. Usenko ◽  
О. А. Kodak
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Structural Redundancy ◽  
Double Ring ◽  
Connectivity Probability ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
Probability Of Connectivity ◽  
Structural Parts

The analytical description study results on probability of connectivity for the structures used to model the reliability of various complicated systems are presented. Expressions are formed to calculate the connectivity probability of systems that have structural redundancy. The characteristic components of the formulas are distinguished and they are systematized according to their increasing complexity and the number of elements. The features of the equations’ structure permitting to conveniently formulate the probability of the structures connectivity in the process of their construction and transformations are determined. The examples show the formation of formulas and their structural parts at various levels of complexity. The use of the ratio value of the network structure element’s unreliability and its reliability is justified, thus reducing the awkwardness of exact expressions for the connectivity probability of network structures and substantially improves the compactness and convenience of using the equations.

scholarly journals Description of the process of tunneling Q signaling in private telecommunication networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-63
Author(s):  
Slađan Svrzić ◽  
Zoran Miličević ◽  
Zoran Perišić
Keyword(s):  
Armed Forces ◽  
Integrated Services ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Circuit Switching ◽  
Core Network ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
Ip Network ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
Audio Information

Introduction/purpose: The article should specify the network signaling type Q-SIG, which is standardized especially for implementation in digital telecommunication networks of integrated services (ISDN), emphasizing the possibility of its further application in the Private Telecommunications Network of Integrated Services of the Serbian Armed Forces (PISN of SAF), i.e. in the Private Automatic Telephone Network of the Serbian Armed Forces (PATN of SAF). Methods: An analysis of the existing standards was performed: ECMA355 and ECMA-336 and a synthesis of the possibilities of their application in the PATN of SAF. Results: The procedure for the application of Q-SIG is processed in a situation when the peripheral parts of the PISN of SAF, which operate on the principle of transmission and circuit switching by TDM (Time Division Multiplexing), are connected via a central Core network with the IP (Internet Protocol), which operates on the principle of packet transmission and switching with the SIP (Session Initiation Protocol). A method of the application of the tunneling of encapsulated Q-SIG messages through the IP network, defined by ECMA-355 Standard, has been developed. The necessary functions for mapping the transmission of tunneled signaling messages Q-SIG and mapping voice (and other audio) information to media streams during VoIP (Voice over IP) communication through that network, which are defined by ECMA-336 Standard, are described. Conclusion: The application of ECMA-355 and ECMA-336 Standards is a new solution in the PATN of SAF with the use of the IP network to connect the IP PINX using the Q-SIG tunneling procedures and mapping functions for their transmission and transmission of audio signals. This then opens up a whole range of new possibilities that, with the growth of the Core network and their application, will rapidly contribute to the creation of a broad Telecommunication information system backbone for the implementation of real-time multimedia communications and the transition to Unified Communications (UC).

The New Generation National Research Computer Network: Current Status and Concept for the Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
A. G. Abramov ◽  
◽  
A. A. Gonchar ◽  
A. V. Evseev ◽  
B. M. Shabanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Network ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Foreign National ◽  
Telecommunications Infrastructure ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research And Education ◽  
Education Network ◽  
New Generation

The paper systematized up-to-date information on the status of work to ensure the functioning and development plans of the new generation National Research Computer Network (NIKS), created in 2019 according to the results of integration of RUNNet and RASNet — telecommunication networks in the fields of higher education and science of Russia. The normative grounds and prerequisites for the creation of a unified research and education network in the country are presented. The key characteristics of leading foreign national research and education networks are given. The parameters of the telecommunications infrastructure and network connectivity of NIKS as of the current moment, examples of services developed in the interests of the Russian R&E community are indicated. Special attention is paid to the presentation of the main directions of the accelerated development of NIKS for 2021-2024 and expected results.

scholarly journals Forming the Telecommunication Networks’ Cross-Sections to Analyze the Latter Stability with Different Connectivity Measures

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-406
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Batenkov ◽  
Kirill Batenkov ◽  
Aleksandr Fokin
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Telecommunication Networks ◽  
Connectivity Matrix ◽  
Sequential Search ◽  
Virtual Private Networks ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Telecommunications Network ◽  
Additional Procedure

The problem of stability analysis and its components of reliability and survivability is quite popular both in the field of telecommunications and in other industries involved in the development and operation of complex networks. The most suitable network model for this type of problem is a model that uses the postulates of graph theory. At the same time, the assumption of the random nature of failures of individual links of the telecommunications network allows it to be considered in the form of a generalized Erdos–Renyi model. It is well known that the probability of failure of elements can be interpreted in the form of a readiness coefficient and an operational readiness coefficient, as well as in the form of other indicators that characterize the performance of elements of a telecommunications network. Most approaches consider only the case of bipolar connectivity, when it is necessary to ensure the interaction of two end destinations. In modern telecommunications networks, services such as virtual private networks come to the fore, for which multipoint connections are organized that do not fit into the concept of bipolar connectivity. In this regard, we propose to extend this approach to the analysis of multi-pole and all-pole connections. The approach for two-pole connectivity is based on a method that uses the connectivity matrix as a basis, and, in fact, assumes a sequential search of all combinations of vertex sections, starting from the source and drain. This method leads to the inclusion of non-minimal cross-sections in the general composition, which required the introduction of an additional procedure for checking the added cross-section for non-excess. The approach for all-pole connectivity is based on a method that uses the connectivity matrix as a basis, and, in fact, assumes a sequential search of all combinations of vertex sections, not including one of the vertices considered terminal. A simpler solution was to control the added section for uniqueness. The approach for multipolar connectivity is similar to that used in the formation of the set of minimal all-pole sections and differs only in the procedure for selecting the combinations used to form the cross-section matrix, of which only those containing pole vertices are preserved. As a test communication network, the Rostelecom backbone network is used, deployed to form flows in the direction of "Europe-Asia". It is shown that multipolar sections are the most general concept with respect to two-pole and all-pole sections. despite the possibility of such a generalization, in practical applications it is advisable to consider particular cases due to their lower computational complexity.

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