Investigation phytochemical screening, antibacterial activity, and cytotoxic ethanolic extract of Geodorum densiflorum (lam.) Schltr from papua

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening

In-Vitro Studies on the Sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to Some Ethno-Medicinal Preparations Sold around Kano, Nigeria

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Bashir ◽  
I Yusuf ◽  
AS Kutama
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Herbal Preparations

Five traditional herbal preparations were sampled between May-June, 2009 in Kano. The samples were investigated for invitro antibacterial activities against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Likewise, phytochemical screening tests were conducted to determine some of the phytochemicals present in the ethanolic and water extracts of the samples. Various concentrations of the extracts were prepared using serial doubling dilutions (5000=l/ml, 2500=g/ml, 1250=g/ml, 625=g/ml and 312.5=g/ml). All the test extracts showed slight antibacterial activity against the test organism, with ethanolic extract of sample E having the highest zone diameter of inhibition, while sample H had the lowest diameter of inhibition. The standard antibiotic disc (Gentamicin) had demonstrated the highest activity on the test organisms. The results of the Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of steroid in all the samples, tannin in samples A, C, D and E, reducing sugars in sample A, D and E respectively. The result of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was found to be above 312.5=g/ml for samples C, D and E. Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, Herbal preparations, antibacterial activity, Phytochemical screening and minimum inhibitory concentration.

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and synergistic interactions between aminoglycosides, selected antibiotics and extracts from the bryophyte Octoblepharum albidum Hedw (Calymperaceae)

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 465-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A.S. Vidal ◽  
E.O. Sousa ◽  
Fabíola Rodrigues ◽  
Adriana Campos ◽  
S.R. Lacerda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Synergistic Interactions

This work is the first to describe the modulation of antibiotic activity of the bryophyte Octoblepharum albidum Hedw extract. The antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of O. albidum (EEOa), alone and in association with aminoglycosides, was determined against six bacterial strains by a microdilution test. The results showed a similar inhibitory activity of EEOa against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33018 (MICs 512 ?g/mL). The synergistic effect of the extracts and aminoglycosides was also verified. The most pronounced effects were obtained with EEOa + gentamicin against E. coli and EEOa + kanamycin against K. pneumoniae with MICs reduction (128 to 32 ?g/mL). The data from this study are indicative of the antibacterial activity of the bryophyte O. albidum extracts and its potential in modifying the resistance of aminoglycosides analyzed.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF PSEUDOCEDRELA KOTSCHYI (SCHWEINF.) HARMS EXTRACTS AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS GROWTH

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Kokou Atchou ◽  
Koku Amegbo Dakey ◽  
Farida Etroubeka-Tsono ◽  
Amégninou Agban ◽  
Simplice Damintoti Karou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Clinical Strain ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Bactericidal Effects ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Kinetics Of Inhibition

Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous bacteria that causes a serious health problem because of its multi-resistance to antibiotics. The aimed of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of P. kotschyi root against S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus, a clinical strain. The phytochemical compound was sought in the extracts by standard staining tests and extractions were carried out by fractionation using solvents depletion method with increasing polarity. The method of dilution in liquid medium was used for the antibacterial tests. The results showed that the aqueous extract of the bark was effective against both S. aureus with MICs of 0.39 mg.mL-1. The MICs of ethanolic extract were 0.39 and 0.78 mg.mL-1, respectively on S. aureus ATCC 29213 and S. aureus. The steles of P. kotschyi roots were less effective. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts at concentrations = 2MICs, have been respectively bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on tested germs. The kinetics of inhibition showed that the aqueous extract of the bark at 0.78 mg.mL-1, completely destroyed the two germs respectively in 4 h and 5 h. The action of ethanolic extract at 0.78 and 1.56 mg.mL-1 occurs late against both S. aureus at 6 h and 7 h. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, anthracenes, glycosides, saponosides and sterols, some of that may be responsible for the observed antimicrobial activity. This study proved the antibacterial activity of P. kotschyi roots that can be exploited as an antibiotic in the treatment of S. aureus infections.

scholarly journals Antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of ethanolic leaf, stem and flower extract of Aerva lanata

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
S. Nimisha ◽  
K. R. Beula Rani
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Functional Group Analysis ◽  
Aerva Lanata ◽  
Current Report

Screening of phytochemicals provides the potentiality for serving several illnesses. The current investigation was carried out the antibacterial activity and phytochemical screening of ethanolic extract of leaf, flower and stem of Aerva lanata commonly known as Sirupeelai through spectroscopic analysis. In this screening the major components are carbohyrates, aminoacids, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids and cocumarins. The antibacterial activity showed maximum sensitivity in leaf extract of Staphylococcus aureus(16mm). The FTIR spectroscopic analysis revealed that the functional groups were alkene, alkyne, amines which showed major peaks. Based on antibacterial activity and functional group analysis, GC-MS was carried out in leaf extract of A. lanata. The current report indicated 27 bioactive compounds, in that Uridine is a major peak which showed antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-cancerous activity etc.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES AND PHYTOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS ALONG WITH ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF TARENNA POLYCARPA LEAF FRACTIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Bunga Rimta Barus ◽  
Panal Sitorus ◽  
Masfria Masfria
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Better Than

 Objective: The aim was to investigate the physicochemical analysis, preliminary phytochemical screening and further evaluation of its antibacterial activity from morbesi-besi (Tarenna polycarpa) leaf ethyl acetate and hexane fractions (HF).Methods: The physicochemical parameters were carried out as per the World Health Organization (WHO) guideline from its ethanolic extract. The phytochemical screening was performed as per Indonesia Pharmacopoeia and conventional method on its ethyl acetate and HF. Ethyl acetate and HF at different concentration were evaluated using agar well diffusion assay.Result: The plant was found to be free from contaminations. Morbesi-besi leaf fractions are composed of flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, tannins, steroids, and triterpenoids. The phytochemical screening showed only ethyl acetate of lotus leaf extract contains the flavonoids. The antibacterials assay showed that ethyl acetate fraction was better than HF from the inhibition zone.Conclusion: From the outcomes of this study, morbesi-besi leaf (T. polycarpa) possess potential antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Properties and Antibacterial Activity of Leaf Extract of Ocimum gratissimum on Salmonella Species

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
S. M. Jodi ◽  
A. A. Farouq ◽  
A. M. Magashi ◽  
G. D. Muomora ◽  
M. K. Nata’ala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Flavonoid Glycosides ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum

Aim: Ocimum gratissimum is commonly used as food and health purposes. This study is aimed at evaluating the bioactive compounds and antibacterial activity of leaf extract of O. gratissimum against Salmonella species. Methodology: The Phytochemical screening of O. gratissimum was conducted using standard methods. Screening for antibacterial activity of the leaf extracts against Salmonella species was determined using agar well diffusion method. An in-vivo toxicity study was carried out with albino rats. Results: The phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, cardiac glycoside, flavonoid, glycosides, alkaloid, volatile oils and steroids. A zone of inhibition of 14mm was recorded against the organisms using ethanolic extract with a concentration of 100 mg/ml and the lowest was recorded against Salmonella paratyphi with the concentration of 25 mg/ml of the ethanolic extract. Zone of inhibition of 9.00 mm and 10.0mm was recorded against S. typhi and S. paratyphi on a concentration of 100 mg/ml of the aqueous extract. A minimum inhibitory concentration of 100 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml of the aqueous and ethanolic extract of the leaf was recorded. After the toxicity test, no death was recorded after 2 (two) weeks. Conclusion: The leaf extract of O. gratissimum shows promising potentials in the treatment of infectious diseases associated with Salmonlla typhi and Salmonella paratyphi, due to its antimicrobial activity and low toxicity. However, further studies are needed to non-polar solvents to isolate other bioactive compounds as well as identify the active metabolites responsible for these activities.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Combination of Ethanol Extract of Pepermine Leaves (Mentha piperita L.) and Amikacin Against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-29
Author(s):  
Peni Indrayudha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽  
Phytochemical Screening

Peppermint leaves have been known to have antibacterial and antifungal activity. Amikacin is a semisynthetic derivative of kanamycin which is active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative enteric bacteria. The combination of plant extracts with antibiotics is one way or alternative to overcome bacterial resistance to antibiotics. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined effect of the ethanolic extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) and amikacin against Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli as well as the compounds contained in the ethanolic extract of peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) leaves. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method (Kirby Bauer) and the phytochemical screening test using the tube test method. The concentration of peppermint leaf ethanol extract for the combination test was 200 mg/mL and 400 mg/mL, for the concentration of amikacin used was 5 mg/mL with three comparisons made, namely 25:75, 50:50, and 75:25. The results showed a synergistic effect with the largest inhibition zone diameter at a ratio of 25:75 at a concentration of 200 mg/mL, which was 36.25±2.5 mm on Klebsiella pneumonia bacteria. While at a concentration of 400 mg/mL the diameter of the largest inhibition zone was 40±1.63 mm in Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria with a ratio of 75:25. The results of statistical tests using the t-test showed a significance value of 0.000 0.05 so that there was a significant difference in the administration of each concentration to the resulting inhibition zone. The results of the phytochemical screening test contained alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins.

scholarly journals Antibacterial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Kitolod (Hippobromalongiflora) Leaf Against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simanjuntak Helen Anjelina
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Phytochemical Screening

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine at what concentration of ethanol extract of kitolod leaves is active against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi. Methods: Ethanolic extract of Kitolod leaves was tested for phytochemical screening by using standard protocol. Antibacterial testing was using the diffusion disc method to measure the inhibition zone against the Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi with various concentration of Kitolod leaves extract (6.25%, 12.5%, 25%, 50%, and 75%). Results: Phytochemical screening showed that ethanolic extract of Kitolod leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids and saponins. The antibacterial inhibition of ethanol extract of kitolod leaves against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi bacteria at a concentration of 75% had a diameter of 11.3 mm and 12.16 mm with a strong category. Conclusions: Kitolod leaf could be use as a novel antibacterial agent.    

scholarly journals Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Garcinia kola (hackel) and Cola nitida (vent) extracts

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-385
Author(s):  
B.T. Afolabi ◽  
G.C. Agu ◽  
I.B. Onajobi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Garcinia Kola ◽  
Test Plants ◽  
Cola Nitida

This study was designed to evaluate the phytochemical and antibacterial properties of Garcina kola (Orogbo) and Cola nitida (Obi) extracts. Fresh seeds of Cola nitida and Garcinia kola were collected from Ago-Iwoye market, Ogun State. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the test plants were used against selected test organisms, Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas euriginosa and Escherichia coli. Disc diffusion method was adopted to test for susceptibility of the selected test bacteria to the extracts. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined. Bioassay data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA. The result of the phytochemical screening confirmed the presence of flavonoid, phenol, alkaloid, saponins, tannins and phlobatanins. The result of the antibacterial activity showed that the ethanolic extract of the test plants recorded highest antimicrobial activity against test isolates compared to aqueous extracts. The tested plant seeds of both plants posses reasonable antibacterial activity but to varied zones of inhibition, with Staphylococcus aureus isolate having the highest inhibitory zones (21.33) mm while Pseudomonas aeuruginosa had the least inhibitory zone (6.00) mm. The antibacterial activity were however found to be concentration dependent (Fvalue= 3.996, Pvalue= < 0.05). All tested organisms were found to have definite MIC and MBC activities which ranges between 125 and 1000μg/ml for MIC except for Kola nitida that has no definite MBC below 1000μg/ml. The result confirms the potential of antibacterial activity of Garcinia kola and Cola nitida extracts. Keywords: Antimicrobial, Cola nitida, Garcinia kola, Phytochemical, Plant extracts

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