scholarly journals Yeso scallop population under climatic and anthropogenic changes of environment in Amursky bay of the Sea of Japan

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-92
Author(s):  
A. V. Silina
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Mizuhopecten Yessoensis ◽  
Amursky Bay ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Scallop Shells ◽  
Substantial Decline

At the study area of industrial and domestic sewages into Amursky Bay at the coasts of Vladivostok city, three main stages in a development of the scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis population and community of endo- and epibionts of its shell were revealed for 1981–2016. During the first stage lasting until the beginning of 90th, the scallop growth rates and lifetime had decreased, but scallop mortality and degree of the shell bioerosion performed by endolithic polychaeta Polydora brevipalpa had increased. It was a period of an intensification of anthropogenic pollution of Amursky Bay. Further, at the middle of 90th, at a transitional period, the decline in the scallop growth rates had stopped. It was a period of a reduction of the pollution of the water and bottom sediments related to the decrease of sewages due to degradation of industry. During the second stage lasting until the middle of 2000th, the scallop growth rates had increased, but the degree of bioerosion and abundance of epibionts of the scallop shells had decreased. It was a period of the gradual natural depuration of the Bay. Later, during the third stage, which goes on to present day, the scallop growth rates declined again due to an increase of the water euthrophication resulting in the decline of the water oxygen saturation. This was most pronounced for periodic rises of the water temperature caused by quasi-biennial and 7–8-year periodicities of temperature fluctuations. Poaching became one of the negative anthropogenic factors entailing the substantial decline of the scallop population density.

scholarly journals Study on the growth rates of mollusks in hanging culture in Possjet Bay (Sea of Japan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Nina I. Grigoryeva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Crassostrea Gigas ◽  
Blue Mussel ◽  
Peter The Great Bay ◽  
Mytilus Trossulus ◽  
Mizuhopecten Yessoensis ◽  
Yesso Scallop ◽  
Mussel Mytilus Trossulus

Исследована скорость роста культивируемых моллюсков подвесного выращивания в зал. Посьета (зал. Петра Великого, Японское море) за 1970–2011 гг. Приведены ростовые характеристики приморского гребешка (Mizuhopecten yessoensis (Jay, 1857)), тихоокеанской мидии (Mytilus trossulus Gould, 1850) и тихоокеанской (гигантской) устрицы (Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793)) в течение первых трех лет развития. Методами энтропийного анализа исследованы сроки достижения личинками и спатом определенных размеров. Выявлены временные интервалы и рассчитана вероятность наступления этих сроков. Обсуждается влияние техники культивирования на скорость роста. Ключевые слова: скорость роста, личинки, спат, приморский гребешок Mizuhopecten yessoensis, тихоокеанская мидия Mytilus trossulus, тихоокеанская устрица Crassostrea gigas, залив Посьета, Японское море. The growth rates of cultivated mollusks were studied in Possjet Bay (Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan) during 1970–2011. The growth characteristics were presented for the Yesso scallop (Mizuhopecten yessoensis (Jay, 1857)), the blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus Gould, 1850), and the Pacific (giant) oyster (Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793)) during the first three years of life. The average amount of time of the larvae and spat reaching certain sizes was determined using the method of entropy analysis. The time intervals were identified and the probability of these intervals to happen were also calculated. The influence of the cultivation techniques on the growth rate is discussed. Key words: growth rate, larvae, spat, Yesso scallop Mizuhopecten yessoensis, blue mussel Mytilus trossulus, Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, Possjet Bay, Sea of Japan.

An autumn bloom of diatoms of the genus Pseudo-nitzschia H. Peragallo, 1900 in Amursky Bay, the Sea of Japan

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Stonik ◽  
T. Yu. Orlova ◽  
L. N. Propp ◽  
N. L. Demchenko ◽  
A. V. Skriptsova
Keyword(s):  
Sea Of Japan ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Amursky Bay

Microfungi from soils оf Heiss Island (Franz Joseph Land)

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Yu. Кirtsideli
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Anamorphic Fungi ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Polar Desert ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Soil Microfungi

The complexes of soil microfungi of Heiss Island (Franz Joseph Land) in natural (upland) coenoses and coenoses affected by anthropogenic pollution were studied. Total 39 microfungi species were identified. Most species belong to ascomycetous anamorphic fungi. Most isolates are represented by species of Acremonium, Cadophora, Cladosporium, Geomyces, Mortierella, Phialophora, Phoma and Thelebolus and attributed not to psychrophilic strains, but to psychrotrophic ones that can grow in a wide range of temperatures. Low number of colony-forming units (from 50 to 1200 CFU per 1 g of soil) and limited species composition are typical of natural coenoses of polar desert. The soil mycobiota structure was changed under the influence of anthropogenic factors.

Atmospheric, Geological, Marine and Anthropogenic Effects on Groundwater Quality in Finland

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 33-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pertti W. Lahermo
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Crystalline Bedrock ◽  
Coastal Belt ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Shallow Wells ◽  
Marine Influence

The atmospheric, geological, marine and anthropogenic factors affecting the chemical quality of groundwater are evaluated. Sulphates and nitrates derive mainly from the atmosphere as wet or dry deposition in weakly mineralized shallow groundwater in natural uncontaminated surficial aquifers. The texture, structure and lithologic composition of aquifer material have an impact on water chemistry although marine influence and anthropogenic pollution generally outweigh the geological influence. Relict seawater trapped in deeper parts of confined aquifers and in bedrock covered by clay deposits has a marked effect on the quality of groundwater drawn from wells drilled into bedrock in the broad coastal belt. Brackish or saline groundwater is encountered all over the country in holes drilled in crystalline bedrock to a depth of more than 500 to 1000 metres. The lithologic environment affects the quality of deep bedrock groundwater which tends to change from Na-Cl type towards Ca-Na-Cl type with increasing salinity and depth of occurrence. Anthropogenic pollution is reflected in elevated amounts of all major dissolved components, although the most sensitive indicators of contamination are nitrates, chlorides and potassium. Nation-wide hydrogeochemical mapping of rural water sources revealed that shallow wells dug into glacial till deposits had the highest median NO3 contents, and that spring water discharging from glaciofluvial sand deposits had the lowest. The quality of groundwater distributed by public waterworks is generally good.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOGENIC POLLUTION ON LIVING ORGANISMS

2016 ◽  
pp. 24-27
Author(s):  
E. E. Ostrojnaya
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Primitive People ◽  
Electric Potentials ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Putative Mechanism

The materials of the work describes the impact of anthropogenic factors on the physical life activity of living organisms. Results of research scientists, showing the effects of electrical, electromagnetic and magnetic fields on living organisms. The causes that have appeared in humanity in connection with the development of technological progress affecting the livelihoods of life on Earth. Described putative mechanism of action of electric potentials on the primitive people.

A portion of RNA polymerase II molecules has a component essential for stress responses and stress survival

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6984-6991
Author(s):  
M Choder ◽  
R A Young
Keyword(s):  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Transcriptional Changes ◽  
Substantial Decline

Cells respond to stress by altering gene expression, and these adjustments facilitate stress tolerance. Although transcriptional changes are integral to most stress responses, little is known about the mechanisms that permit the transcription apparatus itself to tolerate stress. Here we report that a major role of the RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4 is to permit appropriate transcriptional responses during stress. Yeast cells lacking RPB4 have essentially wild-type growth rates at moderate temperatures (18 to 22 degrees C), but their growth rates are substantially reduced at temperatures outside this range. When subjected to a heat shock, cells lacking RPB4 rapidly lose the ability to transcribe genes and experience a dramatic loss in viability. When cells lacking RPB4 are subjected to the nutrient stress that accompanies entry into stationary phase, they also exhibit a substantial decline in mRNA synthesis and in viability relative to wild-type cells. Interestingly, the portion of RNA polymerase II molecules that contain RPB4 is small in log phase but increases substantially as cells enter stationary phase. We propose that the association of RPB4 with the other RNA polymerase II subunits increases the tolerance of the enzyme to stress.

THE ROLE OF MICROCLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN FORMATION OF LICHENOBIOTA RESPONSE TO ANTHROPOGENIC POLLUTION IN MOSCOW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pchelkina ◽  
Anna Koukhta ◽  
Aleksey Pchelkin
Keyword(s):  
Background Level ◽  
Anthropogenic Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
The Status ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lichen Flora

The paper considers the combination of climatic and anthropogenic factors on the lichen flora of the metropolis. The impact level of each factor chaing leads to changes in the status of biota. With the same background level of pollution, the value of the atmosphere purity index is higher under more favorable microclimatic conditions for lichens. Monitoring of influence of one of factors on lichenological indicators should be carried out at invariable value of other factor.

GROWTH RATES OF CLADONIA ALPESTRIS, C. MITIS, AND C. RANGIFERINA IN THE TALTSON RIVER REGION, N.W.T.

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1199-1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Scotter
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Linear Growth ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
River Region ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Cladonia Rangiferina

Data on the growth rate of lichens are essential to the understanding of the carrying capacities of rangelands used by caribou and reindeer in Canada. Recent Russian literature suggests fruticose lichens have three growth stages. The first stage is one of podetium accumulation. During the second stage, accumulation rate and decomposition rate are similar, while, in the third stage, decomposition of the Podetium is more rapid than accumulation. In the Taltson River region, the average annual linear growth rates of Cladonia alpestris, Cladonia mitis, and Cladonia rangiferina as determined by dividing the number of joints on the living podetium by the height of the living portion of the podetium, are 3.4, 3.6, and 4.1 mm, respectively. These rates are less than those reported from Russia, Newfoundland, and northern Saskatchewan.

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