scholarly journals On the study of D. I. Mendeleev Periodical Law and the modern periodical system of chemical elements in the school chemistry course

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Sergey F. Zhiltsov ◽  
Olga N. Druzhkova ◽  
Svetlana A. Oparina
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Atomic Mass ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
Electronic Theory ◽  
Periodic Law ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Structure Of Matter

The article is dedicated to the 150th anniversary of D. I. Mendeleev’s periodical law, which establishes the dependence of changes in the properties of simple and complex substances on the atomic mass of elements. The main aspects of the study of this topic in the school course of chemistry on the basis of historical facts and information, as well as its further development in the light of electronic theory of the structure of matter are considered. Modern Periodical system of chemical elements on the basis of principles used by scientists and existing ideas about electronic structure of atoms is modeled for pupils. The periodic law is a reflection of the frequency with which electrons fill the energy levels of currently known 118 chemical elements.

scholarly journals Alternative relativistic formulation of linear spectrum of hydrogen-like systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-181
Author(s):  
Ilya E. Eremin ◽  
Vitaliy V. Neshtimenko ◽  
Dmitry S. Shcherban ◽  
Denis V. Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Computational Complexity ◽  
Maximum Degree ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Quantum Processes ◽  
Degree Of Ionization ◽  
Atomic Systems ◽  
Relativistic Formulation ◽  
Linear Spectrum

The article describes the possibility of describing the electronic structure of the simplest atomic systems within corpuscular physics theory. The proposed method allows to derive the Rydberg frequency constant without using quantum Bohr postulates. Adequate results of the same type of calculation of the energy levels of the first five chemical elements that are in the maximum degree of ionization are presented. The results of the paper can increase the accuracy and reduce the computational complexity of models of quantum processes and phenomena. This, in turn, may allow one to develop more efficient models and algorithms for controlling such systems.

scholarly journals 150th anniversary of periodic table of chemical elements

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 561-562
Author(s):  
Board of the journal "Herald of the RAS"
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Periodic Table ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
Periodic Law ◽  
The United Nations

The United Nations declared 2019 the International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements, coinciding with the 150th anniversary of the Periodic Law, opened in 1869 by the great Russian scientist-encyclopedist Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev (1834–1907).

A Discussion on photoelectron spectroscopy - Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (e.s.c.a.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 268 (1184) ◽  
pp. 33-57 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Microwave Spectroscopy ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Structure Of Matter

The electronic structure of matter has so far been studied almost exclusively by means of the electromagnetic radiation which is being emitted (or absorbed) at excitation. Apart from some early attempts, the electrons themselves were not directly detected. The various energy levels which could be studied by different modes of excitations were observed as photons being emitted (or absorbed) when electrons were making quantum jumps between two levels. Over a long period of time spectroscopy in the visible, infrared, ultraviolet, and X-ray parts of the electromagnetic spectrum was gradually perfected and extensively used in many kinds of applications. More recently, other and in some cases more sophisticated techniques, like n.m.r., e.p.r. and microwave spectroscopy, have been added to previously existing spectroscopic tools. During the last decade serious attempts have been made to explore the possibility of developing a spectroscopy based on the direct observation of the electrons. The results are encouraging. Despite many initial experimental difficulties it now seems evident that these can be solved in a surprisingly satisfactory way. Moreover, new types of information have become accessible and the fields of application are numerous.

scholarly journals Periodic dependences in the distribution of chemical elements in the human hair ash residue

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (1II)) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Otmakhov ◽  
Yu. S. Sarkisov ◽  
A. N. Pavlova ◽  
A. V. Obukhova
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Human Organism ◽  
Individual Character ◽  
Periodic Law ◽  
Ash Residue ◽  
First Time ◽  
Time Periodic

150 years ago D. I. Mendeleev revealed the Periodic law to the world and since that time periodic dependencies have been increasingly used in various fields of basic and applied sciences. For the first time we consider the regularities of periodic dependences of the concentration of chemical elements in the ash residue of human hair on the number of the element. Such dependencies for various regions of Russia reveal strictly individual character. It is shown that distributions of the chemical elements for men and women also differ, as well as the distributions determined for the same groups in inhabitants of different regions of residence and depend to a significant extent on the genetic and physiological characteristics of human organism, variability of environmental conditions, earlier diseases and other impacts. This means that population of different urban regions (e.g., Siberian region) is characterized by a strictly individual distribution of biogenic elements. A hypothesis has been put forward that extrema observed on the studied dependences can be a kind of code for a given locality, reflecting correlation with various factors of genetic and ecological nature.

scholarly journals Modeling Changes in the Composition of River Water with Discharged Wastewater: A Case Study in NW Russia

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Alexander I. Malov ◽  
Evgeniya S. Sidkina ◽  
Mikhail V. Mironenko ◽  
Alexey S. Tyshov ◽  
Elena V. Cherkasova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Simplex Algorithm ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Discharge Zone ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Diamond Deposit ◽  
Further Development

The technogenic impact of the development of the Lomonosov diamond deposit is associated with the discharge of quarry and drainage water into the river, which has a special conservation status. Earlier studies on the composition of bottom sediments showed that there are signs of increased accumulation of heavy metals and radionuclides at wastewater discharge sites. The purpose of this work was to predict changes in the composition of surface water and bottom sediment in the river during the further development of mining operations with brackish and salty water captured by drainage systems, the presence of which was established in the zone of their future influence. For this, a simulation of changes in the composition of the water in the river was carried out using the GEOCHEQ software package by minimizing the free energy of the system using a convex simplex algorithm. It was found that the maximum salinity of surface water can reach 1.51 g/L. In this case, the MPC of Cl−, Na+, SO42−, Mg2+, Sr, V, and U can be exceeded for fishery watercourses. The genetic basis of the accumulation of these components in solutions for mixing was considered. According to the calculations, when about 5000 m3/h of drainage water is discharge d into the river, the mass of precipitated chemical elements will be 56–191 t/h, including up to 2.1 t/h of iron; therefore, accumulation in the discharge zone must be controlled.

scholarly journals Periodic Law, Mendeleev Society and Mendeleev Congresses

Vestnik RFFI ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Aslan Yu. Tsivadze
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
World Science ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Mendeleev Russian Chemical ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Periodic Law ◽  
The World ◽  
English Speaking

In November 1868, the Ministry of Enlightenment of Russia approved the Charter of the Russian Chemical Society (RCS), one of the Founding Members of which had been Dmitri Mendeleev. The first report on Mendeleev Periodic Table of Chemical Elements was delivered during a meeting of the RCS in March 1869. Therefore 1869 is considered by the world science as the year of discovery of the Periodic Law and formulation of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements. Year 2019 is the 150th anniversary since Dmitry Mendeleev discovered the Periodic System, and the United Nations proclaimed this year to be the International Year of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements (IYPT2019). After a series of transformations, in 1992 the RCS became the Mendeleev Russian Chemical Society. In 2019, the RCS is holding anniversary events. The extraordinary Mendeleev Congress on General and Applied Chemistry is one of them. It will be held in Saint Petersburg in September 2019 and will host approximately 3,000 foreign and Russian participants. English-speaking symposia, conferences and round tables on current issues of strategic development of science and technology are planned as a part of the Congress.

Electronic structure of dipeptides in the gas-phase and as an adsorbed monolayer

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 6860-6867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cunlan Guo ◽  
Soumyajit Sarkar ◽  
Sivan Refaely-Abramson ◽  
David A. Egger ◽  
Tatyana Bendikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Peptide Binding ◽  
Molecular Orbitals ◽  
Gold Substrate ◽  
Adsorbed Monolayer

UPS and DFT reveal how frontier energy levels and molecular orbitals of peptides are modified upon peptide binding to a gold substrate.

Small is different

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Adrian P Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Electronic Structure ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Giant Magnetoresistance ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Exclusion Principle ◽  
Thermodynamic Quantities ◽  
Discrete Energy ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
The World

As the size of a material decreases to the nanoscale its properties become size-dependent. This is the world of nanoscience and nanotechnology. At the nanoscale the crystal structure may change and thermodynamic quantities such as the melting point also change. Changes in the catalytic activity and colour of nanoparticles suspended in a liquid indicate changes to the electronic structure. Quantum dots have discrete energy levels that can be modelled with the particle-in-a-box model. Excitons may be created in them using optical illumination, and their decay leads to fluorescence with distinct colours. The classical and quantum origins of magnetism are discussed. The origin of magnetoresistance in a ferromagnet is described and related to the exclusion principle. The origin of the giant magnetoresistance effect and its exploitation in nanotechnology is outlined.

scholarly journals The periodic law of the chemical elements: ‘ The new system of atomic weights which renders evident the analogies which exist between bodies ' []

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2180) ◽  
pp. 20190537
Author(s):  
Peter P. Edwards ◽  
Russell G. Egdell ◽  
Dieter Fenske ◽  
Benzhen Yao
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Great Scientist ◽  
Periodic Law ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Remarkable Advance ◽  
New System ◽  
Natural Relation

The historical roots, the discovery and the modern relevance of Dmitri Mendeleev's remarkable advance have been the subject of numerous scholarly works. Here, with a brief overview, we hope to provide a link into the contents of this special issue honouring the great scientist. Mendeleev's advance, announced in March 1869, as he put it in 1889, to the ‘… then youthful Russian Chemical Society… ’, first set out the very basis of the periodic law of the chemical elements, the natural relation between the properties of the elements and their atomic weights. This was, and still is, the centrepiece of a historical journey for chemistry to today's position as a pre-eminent science. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Mendeleev and the periodic table'.

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