scholarly journals Pedagogical Approaches to Mastering Polyphonic Cycles by J. S. Bach and D. D. Shostakovich in the Piano Class by Students of the People’s Republic of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-125
Author(s):  
Elena P. Krasovskaya ◽  
Ho Da
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Piano Students ◽  
Preludes And Fugues ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Professional Interpreting ◽  
Pedagogical Approaches

In the article the problems of mastering the binary cycles by J. S. Bach and D. D. Shostakovich included in large-scale polyphonic collections of the composers (“Well-Tempered Clavier” and “Twenty-Four Preludes and Fugues”, opus 87) by the Chinese piano students are considered. It is shown that these problems are caused by the features of the Chinese system of music education based on the characteristic features of national culture (monodiality, the dominant role of the pentatonic-modal system, the intonation dictionary and the logic of the deployment of content, fundamentally different from the European interpretation) and also by a low level of theoretical knowledge of students about polyphonic music and the traditions of its interpretation. According to the authors, an important step to understanding and professional interpreting the polyphonic heritage of the composers by Chinese students may be the intonation, civilized and paradigm-pedagogical approaches. The consistent transition from national patterns of polyphony to European polyphonic works, their study through the prism of the proposed pedagogical approaches allowed students to understand the phenomenon of polyphony in the musical art, to trace traditions and innovations in it. This has a positive effect on mastering polyphonic opuses by students.

scholarly journals Combined Forces: Thinking and/or Feeling? How News Consumption Affects Anti-Muslim Attitudes through Perceptions and Emotions about the Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 326-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Jacobs ◽  
Mark Boukes ◽  
Rens Vliegenthart
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
News Consumption ◽  
Group Conflict Theory ◽  
News Outlet

This study develops a model that contributes to our understanding of the complex relationship between economic motivations and anti-Muslim attitudes by analyzing the underexplored role of news consumption. Using a large-scale Dutch panel dataset ( n = 2694), we test a structural equation model theoretically grounded in group conflict theory, in which the relationship between news consumption and anti-Muslim attitudes is mediated by perceptions and emotions about the economy. Findings offer sound empirical support for the hypothesized model: news consumption increases pessimistic economic perceptions and negative emotions about the economy, which in turn strengthens anti-Muslim attitudes. The mechanism, however, largely depends on the type of news outlet and genre: watching television seems more decisive than reading newspapers; moreover, especially exposure to soft and popular news formats plays a dominant role.

The trajectory of geomorphology

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Church
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Earth Science ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Historical Interpretation ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Absolute Dating ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Living Organisms

Modern geomorphology was founded in the nineteenth century as an exercise of historical interpretation of landscapes. After the mid-twentieth century it dominantly became a quest to understand the processes by which landscapes are modified. This focused attention on the measurement of sediment fluxes on synoptic timescales and on a reductionist, Newtonian programme of construction of low-order theories about those fluxes, largely imported from engineering science. The period also saw the emergence of an applied geomorphology. Toward the end of the twentieth century the subject was dramatically transformed by improved technologies for remote sensing and surveying of Earth’s surface, the advent of personal computation and of large-scale computation, and important developments of absolute dating techniques. These technical innovations in turn promoted recognition of geomorphology as a ‘system science’ and facilitated the reintegration of tectonics into geomorphology, opening the way for a renewed consideration of the history of the landscape. Finally, increasing recognition of the dominance of human agency in contemporary modification of Earth’s terrestrial surface has become a significant theme. Important influences on the continuing development of the subject will include the search for physically sound laws for material fluxes; reconciling geomorphological information and process representations across spatial and temporal scales, in both observation and theory; comprehending complexity in geomorphological processes and landform histories; incorporating the geomorphological role of living organisms, particularly micro-organisms; understanding the role of climate in geomorphology, both in the contemporary changing climate and in the long term; and fully admitting the now dominant role of humans as geomorphic agents. Geomorphology is simultaneously developing in diverse directions: on one hand, it is becoming a more rigorous geophysical science — a significant part of a larger earth science discipline; on another, it is becoming more concerned with human social and economic values, with environmental change, conservation ethics, with the human impact on environment, and with issues of social justice and equity.

scholarly journals Personality-oriented technologies for the formation of professional and artistic competence among students-future artists of monumental painting

2021 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 00040
Author(s):  
D.A. Gorbacheva ◽  
E.V. Kostenko ◽  
V.I. Lyakh
Keyword(s):  
Professional Education ◽  
State Institute ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Higher Professional Education ◽  
Pedagogical Literature ◽  
Pedagogical Approaches ◽  
Oriented Approach

This article examines the technologies for the formation of professional and artistic competence among students - future artists of monumental painting in the context of a personality-oriented approach. This issue is directly related to improving the quality of vocational education through the introduction of relevant pedagogical technologies. It also describes the characteristic features of student-centered classes in universities with students - future artists of monumental painting. The types of pedagogical technologies of the personality-oriented approach are given. The most relevant personality-oriented technologies are considered separately, and their effectiveness (or ineffectiveness) is confirmed by a pedagogical experiment conducted with students by future artists of monumental painting of the Krasnodar State Institute of Culture. And also the study of pedagogical literature describing the experience of predecessors on this topic. The role of various pedagogical approaches in the system of higher professional education is revealed and updated, their individual elements, which are especially significant for research, are highlighted. The author compares the opinions of various scientists (both practitioners and theorists) who have studied the personality-oriented approach in education and the technologies used in the context of this approach, on the basis of which a comprehensive conclusion is drawn, reflected in the concluding part of the article.

scholarly journals ‘Horror Vacui’ in the Oxygen Sublattice of Lithium Niobate Made Affordable by Cationic Flexibility

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 764
Author(s):  
Gábor Corradi ◽  
László Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Charge Compensation ◽  
Oxygen Sublattice ◽  
Vacancy Defects ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Li Battery ◽  
Mechanochemical Treatments

The present review is intended to interest a broader audience interested in the resolution of the several decades-long controversy on the possible role of oxygen-vacancy defects in LiNbO3. Confronting ideas of a selected series of papers from classical experiments to brand new large-scale calculations, a unified interpretation of the defect generation and annealing mechanisms governing processes during thermo- and mechanochemical treatments and irradiations of various types is presented. The dominant role of as-grown and freshly generated Nb antisite defects as traps for small polarons and bipolarons is demonstrated, while mobile lithium vacancies, also acting as hole traps, are shown to provide flexible charge compensation needed for stability. The close relationship between LiNbO3 and the Li battery materials LiNb3O8 and Li3NbO4 is pointed out. The oxygen sublattice of the bulk plays a much more passive role, whereas oxygen loss and Li2O segregation take place in external or internal surface layers of a few nanometers.

scholarly journals The Chinese Communist Party and the Policy of Foreign Economic Openness

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
V. Portyakov
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Political Life ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Economic Openness ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Western Model

The article analyzes the process of growing understanding in China of the need to turn from the primacy of “self-reliance” to the gradual opening of the country, seeing as the development of large-scale diversified economic relations with the outside world. The role of China’s leaders of various periods in this process is shown. It is revealed that the main pillars and “engines” of the policy of foreign economic openness of the People’s Republic of China were the course of modernization of the country and the active struggle against the leftist ideology. Deng Xiaoping played a prominent role in both trials. The main achievements of the People’s Republic of China in the field of foreign economic openness at various stages of the implementation of this policy are briefly shown. In contrast to expectations in the West, the turn to the market and foreign economic openness was not accompanied by political reform and democratization of the country in accordance with the Western model. Beijing often states, that China realizes her own model of consultative democracy which meets national characteristics. Under Xi Jinping, the role of the ruling Communist Party in all spheres of the country’s social and political life has been significantly strengthened, and the promotion of the “Chinese way of development” as a possible model for some developing countries has intensified. In the context of increasing Western pressure on China, Beijing, according to the author, can make some indirect concessions in the foreign economic sphere, but not in the political system. At the same time, China is building up its own development potential for key high technologies.

scholarly journals The role of dew and radiation fog inputs in the local water cycling of a temperate grassland in Central Europe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yafei Li ◽  
Franziska Aemisegger ◽  
Andreas Riedl ◽  
Nina Buchmann ◽  
Werner Eugster
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Temperate Grassland ◽  
Ambient Water ◽  
Radiation Fog ◽  
Dew Formation ◽  
Local Water

Abstract. In a warmer climate, non-rainfall water (hereafter NRW) formed from dew and fog potentially plays an increasingly important role in temperate grassland ecosystems under the scarcity of precipitation over prolonged periods. Dew and radiation fog occur in combination during clear and calm nights, and both use ambient water vapor as a source. Research on the combined mechanisms involved in NRW inputs to ecosystems are rare, and the condensation of soil-diffusing vapor, as one of the NRW input pathways for dew formation, has hardly been studied at all. The aim of this paper is thus to investigate the different NRW input pathways into a temperate Swiss grassland at Chamau during prolonged dry periods in summer 2018. We measured the isotopic compositions (δ18O, δ2H, and d = δ2H − 8 · δ18O) of both ambient water vapor and the NRW droplets on leaf surfaces combined with eddy covariance and meteorological measurements during one dew-only and two combined dew and radiation fog events. We employed a simple two end-member mixing model using δ18O and δ2H to split the dew input pathways from different sources. Our results showed a decrease of 0.8–5.5 mmol mol−1 in volumetric water vapor mixing ratio and a decrease of 4.8–16.7 ‰ in ambient water vapor δ2H due to dew formation and radiation fog droplet deposition. A nighttime maximum in ambient water vapor δ18O (−15.5 ‰ to −14.3 ‰) and a 3.4–3.7 ‰ decrease in ambient water vapor d were observed for dew formation in unsaturated conditions. In conditions of slight super-saturation, a stronger decrease of ambient water vapor δ18O (0.3–1.5 ‰) and a minimum of ambient water vapor d (−6.0 ‰ to −4.7 ‰) were observed. The combined foliage NRW and ambient water vapor δ18O and δ2H suggested two different input pathways: (1) condensation of ambient water vapor and (2) of soil-diffusing vapor. The latter contributed 9–42 % to the total foliage NRW. The dew and radiation fog potentially produced 0.06–0.39 mm night−1 NRW gain on foliage, which was comparable with 2.8 mm day−1 daytime evapotranspiration. The ambient water vapor d was correlated and anti-correlated with ambient temperature and ambient relative humidity respectively, suggesting an only minor influence of large-scale air advection and highlighted the dominant role of local moisture as a source for ambient water vapor. Our results thus highlight the importance of NRW inputs to temperate grasslands during prolonged dry periods and reveal the complexity of the local water cycle in such conditions including different pathways of water deposition.

scholarly journals Bi-directional streaming of particles accelerated at the STEREO-A shock on 2008 March 9

2020 ◽  
Vol 499 (2) ◽  
pp. 2087-2093
Author(s):  
F Fraschetti ◽  
J Giacalone
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Reverse Shock ◽  
Measured Intensity ◽  
Particle Simulations ◽  
Field Lines ◽  
Run Test ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ABSTRACT We present an interpretation of anisotropy and intensity of supra-thermal ions near a fast quasi-perpendicular reverse shock measured by Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory Ahead (ST-A) on 2008 March 9. The measured intensity profiles of the supra-thermal particles exhibit an enhancement, or ‘spike’, at the time of the shock arrival and pitch-angle anisotropies before the shock arrival are bi-modal, jointly suggesting trapping of near-scatter-free ions along magnetic field lines that intersect the shock at two locations. We run test-particle simulations with pre-existing upstream magnetostatic fluctuations advected across the shock. The measured bi-modal upstream anisotropy, the nearly field-aligned anisotropies up to ∼15 min upstream of the shock, as well as the ‘pancake-like’ anisotropies up to ∼10 min downstream of the shock are well reproduced by the simulations. These results, in agreement with earlier works, suggest a dominant role of the large-scale structure (100s of supra-thermal proton gyroradii) of the magnetic field in forging the early-on particle acceleration at shocks.

Direct Evidence of Diffusion of Self-Interstitials in Silicon

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gobinda Das
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Float Zone ◽  
Diffusion Characteristics ◽  
Silicon Interface

ABSTRACTHigh temperature (1200°C) HCI oxidation treatment has been employed to float-zone (FZ) silicon wafers (625μm thick) containing swirl defects in order to study their diffusion characteristics. In treated wafers, swirl defects can be eliminated from both surfaces up to a depth of ∼30μm. In the bulk of the wafers, however, large swirl defects (A-swirls) rearrange themselves into many small defects. The untreated portions of wafers contain large swirl defects (A-swirls) that extend up to both surfaces. Since swirl defects are primarily clusters of silicon self-interstitials, their rearrangement in the bulk and elimination from the surfaces demonstrate that migration of interstitials takes place on a large scale and is not confined to SiO2/ silicon interface only. The above observations appear to provide direct evidence for the dominant role of self interstitials for diffusion mechanism in silicon at high temperature and can be rationalized in terms of an interstitialcy mechanism. Alternatively, however, dominance of interstitials can be related to a higher migration energy of vacancies proposed in a model where both species coexist at high temperature. The preference of one model over another must await theoretical calculations of diffusion energetics derived from both models.

Chronic Pain: Fundamental Scientific Considerations, Specifically for Legal Claims

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Barth
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Psychological Treatment ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
General Medicine ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Problematic Relationship

Abstract Scientific findings have indicated that psychological and social factors are the driving forces behind most chronic benign pain presentations, especially in a claim context, and are relevant to at least three of the AMA Guides publications: AMA Guides to Evaluation of Disease and Injury Causation, AMA Guides to Work Ability and Return to Work, and AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment. The author reviews and summarizes studies that have identified the dominant role of financial, psychological, and other non–general medicine factors in patients who report low back pain. For example, one meta-analysis found that compensation results in an increase in pain perception and a reduction in the ability to benefit from medical and psychological treatment. Other studies have found a correlation between the level of compensation and health outcomes (greater compensation is associated with worse outcomes), and legal systems that discourage compensation for pain produce better health outcomes. One study found that, among persons with carpal tunnel syndrome, claimants had worse outcomes than nonclaimants despite receiving more treatment; another examined the problematic relationship between complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) and compensation and found that cases of CRPS are dominated by legal claims, a disparity that highlights the dominant role of compensation. Workers’ compensation claimants are almost never evaluated for personality disorders or mental illness. The article concludes with recommendations that evaluators can consider in individual cases.

The Role of Sense of Direction and Other Factors During Navigation in a Large-Scale, Unconstrained Environment

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth J. Ploran ◽  
Ericka Rovira ◽  
James C. Thompson ◽  
Raja Parasuraman
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Sense Of Direction
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