Hybrid Electrical System Optimization of Remote Island using HOMER

Renewable energy is an important solution in improving access to electricity, especially in isolated areas including the utilization of solar power however intermittency is becoming the main challenge that is faced in the application of Solar Power Plant (SPP). Hybrid system implementation becomes a strategy in an effort to improve system reliability based on the variation in load and intermittency of SPP. Salemo Island is one of the areas that has utilized SPP as one of the sources of electricity energy, but its operation has not been optimal as the load increases, therefore, a study was conducted to optimize the hybrid electrical system based on the current existing conditions. The results of the study showed that with the addition of SPP capacity of 200 kWp and the addition of batteries as much as 120 units, it could obtained an optimal Leveled Cost Of Energy (LCOE) value of 1,306 IDR/kWh and operating costs of 450 million with a Net Present Cost (NPC) of 8.4 billion and a capital cost of 3.2 billion. Another option is the addition of SPP 150 kWp with a lower capital cost value of 2.02 Billion, but greater than the aspect of operating cost of 883 million and LCOE of 1,897 Rp/ kWh

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Water and Cost Reduction from the Application of EDS to Facilitate Water Free Cleaning in Concentrated Solar Power

MRS Advances ◽

10.1557/adv.2018.338 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (25) ◽

pp. 1405-1410 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ryan Eriksen ◽

Aykut Turkoglu ◽

Annie Bernard ◽

Nitin Joglekar ◽

Mark Horenstein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

Cost Reduction ◽

Arid Regions ◽

Solar Power ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Optical Surface ◽

Concentrated Solar Power ◽

Solar Power Generation ◽

Reduced Frequency

ABSTRACTSoiling in solar power generation will be a significant obstacle to its growth if a water free method cannot be found. Demand for water in arid regions will increase as more solar power generation is built, requiring more water to clean the optical surface, in turn increasing the price of water. This will lead to increased operating costs for solar power generation, and potentially disputes in locations where water is scarce. The electrodynamic screen (EDS) can reduce soiling and contribute to restoring the optical surface without the use of water. Periodic cleaning will still be required, but at reduced frequency, leading to a significant reduction in the consumption of water. In this model, it was found that a 250 MW concentrated solar power plant would have a 74% reduction in water given current laboratory production uncertainties. This indicates that EDS technology could decrease both the operating cost and the water use for solar generation plants.

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RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PEMOTONG RUMPUT TENAGA SURYA UNTUK NAVIGASI

Electro Luceat ◽

10.32531/jelekn.v1i1.4 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 5-16

Author(s):

John Ohoiwutun

Keyword(s):

High Speed ◽

Solar Power ◽

Human Life ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Fuel Oil ◽

Kinematics And Dynamics ◽

Control Input ◽

High Speed Cutting ◽

Lawn Mower ◽

Coal Fuel

Utilization of conventional energy sources such as coal, fuel oil, natural gas and others on the one hand has a low operating cost, but on the other side of the barriers is the greater source of diminishing returns and, more importantly, the emergence of environmental pollution problems dangerous to human life. This study aims to formulate the kinematics and dynamics to determine the movement of Solar Power Mower. In this study, using solar power as an energy source to charge the battery which then runs the robot. Design and research was conducted in the Department of Mechanical Workshop Faculty of Engineering, University of Hasanuddin of Gowa. Control system used is a manual system using radio wave transmitter and receiver which in turn drive the robot in the direction intended. Experimental results showed that treatment with three variations of the speed of 6.63 m / s, 8.84 m / s and 15.89 m / sec then obtained the best results occur in grass cutting 15.89 sec and high-speed cutting grass 5 cm. Formulation of kinematics and dynamics for lawn mowers, there are 2 control input variables, x and y ̇ ̇ 3 to control the output variables x, y and θ so that there is one variable redudant. Keywords: mobile robots, lawn mower, solar power

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Optimal placement design for picking and packing in distribution centers

Advances in Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.1177/16878140211010657 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 168781402110106

Author(s):

John Rios ◽

Rodrigo Linfati ◽

Daniel Morillo-Torres ◽

Iván Derpich ◽

Gustavo Gatica

Keyword(s):

Optimal Allocation ◽

Programming Model ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Nonlinear Integer Programming ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Optimal Placement ◽

Distribution Centers ◽

Suitable Space ◽

Efficient Distribution

An efficient distribution center (DC) is one that receives, stores, picks and packs products into new logistics units and then dispatches them to points of sale at the minimal operating cost. The picking and packing processes represent the highest operating cost of a DC, and both require a suitable space for their operation. An effective coordination between these zones prevents bottlenecks and has a direct impact on the DC’s operational results. In the existing literature, there are no studies that optimize the distribution of the picking and packing areas simultaneously while also reducing operating costs. This article proposes an integer nonlinear integer programming model that minimizes order preparation costs. It does so by predicting customer demand based on historical data and defining the ideal area for picking and packing activities. The model is validated through a real case study of seven clients and fifteen products. It achieves a [Formula: see text] reduction in operating costs when the optimal allocation of the picking and packing areas is made.

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Comparison between Concentrated Solar Power and Gas-Based Generation in Terms of Economic and Flexibility-Related Aspects in Chile

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14041063 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1063

Author(s):

Catalina Hernández Moris ◽

Maria Teresa Cerda Guevara ◽

Alois Salmon ◽

Alvaro Lorca

Keyword(s):

Natural Gas ◽

Solar Power ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Hybrid Plant ◽

Point Of View ◽

Concentrated Solar Power ◽

Economic Point ◽

Hybrid Plants ◽

Cost Of Energy

The energy sector in Chile demands a significant increase in renewable energy sources in the near future, and concentrated solar power (CSP) technologies are becoming increasingly competitive as compared to natural gas plants. Motivated by this, this paper presents a comparison between solar technologies such as hybrid plants and natural gas-based thermal technologies, as both technologies share several characteristics that are comparable and beneficial for the power grid. This comparison is made from an economic point of view using the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) metric and in terms of the systemic benefits related to flexibility, which is very much required due to the current decarbonization scenario of Chile’s energy matrix. The results show that the LCOE of the four hybrid plant models studied is lower than the LCOE of the gas plant. A solar hybrid plant configuration composed of a photovoltaic and solar tower plant (STP) with 13 h of storage and without generation restrictions has an LCOE 53 USD/MWh, while the natural gas technology evaluated with an 85% plant factor and a variable fuel cost of 2.0 USD/MMBtu has an LCOE of 86 USD/MWh. Thus, solar hybrid plants under a particular set of conditions are shown to be more cost-effective than their closest competitor for the Chilean grid while still providing significant dispatchability and flexibility.

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Testing of a Novel Post Combustion Acid Removal Process for the Direct-Fired, Oxy-Combustion Allam Cycle Power Generation System

Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power ◽

10.1115/1.4038459 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 140 (8) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xijia Lu ◽

Scott Martin ◽

Mike McGroddy ◽

Mike Swanson ◽

Josh Stanislowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Power Generation ◽

North Dakota ◽

Supercritical Co2 ◽

Operating Cost ◽

System Optimization ◽

The State ◽

Environmental Research ◽

Operating Pressure ◽

Removal Process ◽

Gas Removal

The Allam Cycle is a high-performance oxy-fuel, supercritical CO2 power cycle that offers significant benefits over traditional fossil and hydrocarbon fuel-based power generation systems. A major benefit arises in the elimination of costly precombustion acid gas removal (AGR) for sulfur- (SOx) and nitrogen-based (NOx) impurities by utilizing a novel downstream cleanup process that utilizes NOx first as a gas phase catalyst to effect SOx oxidation, followed by NOx removal. The basic reactions required for this process, which have been well demonstrated in several facilities for the cleanup of exhaust gasses, ultimately convert SOx and NOx species to sulfuric, nitric, and nitrous acids for removal from the supercritical CO2 stream. The process results in simplified and significantly lower cost removal of these species and utilizes conditions inherent to the Allam Cycle that are ideally suited to facilitate this process. 8 Rivers Capital and the Energy & Environmental Research Center (EERC), supported by the state of North Dakota, the U.S. Department of Energy and an Industrial consortium from the State of North Dakota, are currently working together to test and optimize this novel impurity removal process for pressurized, semi-closed supercritical CO2 cycles, such as the Allam Cycle. Both reaction kinetic modeling and on-site testing have been completed. Initial results show that both SOx and NOx can be substantially removed from CO2-rich exhaust gas containing excess oxygen under 20 bar operating pressure utilizing a simple packed spray column. Sensitivity of the removal rate to the concentration of oxygen and NOx was investigated. Follow-on work will focus on system optimization to improve removal efficiency and removal control, to minimize metallurgy and corrosion risks from handling concentrated acids, and to reduce overall capital cost and operating cost of the system.

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Optimal planning and sensitivity analysis of green microgrid using various types of storage systems

Wind Engineering ◽

10.1177/0309524x20941475 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 0309524X2094147

Author(s):

Sumit Sharma ◽

Yog Raj Sood

Keyword(s):

Sensitivity Analysis ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Storage Systems ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Indian Policy ◽

Policy Interventions ◽

Cost Of Energy ◽

Pumped Storage ◽

Test Scenarios ◽

Storage Units

In this article, a green microgrid is suggested which utilizes renewable energy units such as wind, solar, hydro, and biomass in conjunction with energy storage systems like batteries and the pumped storage. Different test scenarios are investigated to optimally use the power generated from the combined usage of the renewable energy units and the storage units. To judge the performance, a comparative feasibility analysis of the proposed approach is carried out to demonstrate the potential findings based on the total net present cost, levelized cost of energy, operating cost, and initial capital cost. In addition, the proposed solution may be subject to various changes in systems configuration with regard to the wind speed, solar radiation, streamflow, and the electric load; therefore, sensitivity analysis is also presented. Moreover, Indian policy interventions are considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for a reduction in the overall revenue of the system.

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Analysis of Techno-Economic-Environmental Suitability of an Isolated Microgrid System Located in a Remote Island of Bangladesh

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12072880 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 2880 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hasan Masrur ◽

Harun Or Rashid Howlader ◽

Mohammed Elsayed Lotfy ◽

Kaisar R. Khan ◽

Josep M. Guerrero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renewable Energy ◽

Economic Feasibility ◽

Added Value ◽

Renewable Energy Resources ◽

Hybrid Microgrid ◽

Load Demand ◽

Cost Of Energy ◽

Remote Island ◽

Heavy Burden ◽

Energy Options

Following a rise in population, load demand is increasing even in the remote areas and islands of Bangladesh. Being an island that is also far from the mainland of Bangladesh, St. Martin’s is in need of electricity. As it has ample renewable energy resources, a renewable energy-based microgrid system seems to be the ultimate solution, considering the ever-increasing price of diesel fuel. This study proposes a microgrid system and tests its technical and economic feasibility in that area. All possible configurations have been simulated to try and find the optimal system for the island, which would be eco-friendly and economical with and without considering renewable energy options. The existing power supply configuration has also been compared to the best system after analyzing and investigating all technical and economic feasibility. Sensitivity and risk analysis between different cases provide added value to this study. The results show that the current diesel-based system is not viable for the island’s people, but rather a heavy burden to them due to the high cost of per unit electricity and the net present cost. In contrast, a PV /Wind/Diesel/Battery hybrid microgrid appeared to be the most feasible system. The proposed system is found to be around 1.5 times and 28% inexpensive considering the net present cost and cost of energy, respectively, with a high (56%) share of renewable energy which reduces 23% carbon dioxide.

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Winery wastewater depollution by sequencing batch reactor

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1997.0059 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 249-257 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Michel Torrijos ◽

René Moletta

Keyword(s):

Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Capital Cost ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Winery Wastewater ◽

Temporary Storage ◽

Storage Facilities

The aim of this study was to demonstrate a depollution process for the treatment of the effluents of small wineries, producing less than 15,000 hl of wine per year. Given the particular characteristics of wine effluents and, in particular, the seasonal nature of the discharges, the best solution was found to be a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) fed once a day, and equipped with upstream temporary storage facilities acting as a buffer. The performance of this process for the depollution of winery wastewater were studied during the 1994 grape harvest in a winery producing 7,300 hectolitres annually. The results obtained (93% of elimination for total COD; 95% for soluble COD; 97.5% for BOD5), as well as the simplified automation, the low capital cost and the moderate operating costs, show that the process is well suited to depolluting wastewater from small wineries.

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Forest Harvesting Equipment Ownership and Operating Costs in 1984

Southern Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/sjaf/10.1.10 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 10-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dennis A. Werblow ◽

Frederick W. Cubbage

Keyword(s):

Fuel Consumption ◽

Operating Cost ◽

Forest Harvesting ◽

Cost Data ◽

Operating Costs ◽

Fixed Costs ◽

Historical Records ◽

The South ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Harvesting Systems

Abstract Forest harvesting equipment purchase costs in 1984 were determined by a survey of equipment dealers and manufacturers operating in the South. Based on delivered purchase prices, fixed costs for equipment ownership were calculated using machine rate formulas. Equipment operating costs were estimated based on general guidelines, fuel consumption data, and historical records. The fixed and operating cost data can be used when considering equipment investments and analyzing actual or potential harvesting systems.

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