scholarly journals Results of field studies of a tractor of traction class 1,4 with an elastic damping mechanism in a power drive

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
S.E. Sen'kevich ◽  
◽  
YE.N. Il'chenko ◽  
Z.A. Godzhayev ◽  
V.V. Duryagina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Power Drive ◽  
Energy Assessment ◽  
Efficiency Assessment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Similar Unit

The topic of this paper is analyzing the results of field studies of a tractor with an elastic damping mechanism in a power drive and its operational efficiency assessment in comparison with a serial tractor. The subject of the research is a tractor with an elastic damping mechanism in a power drive as part of a plowing unit with a mounted plow. The purpose of this work is a detailed analysis of the influence of the parameters of the elastic-damping mechanism on the performance of a tractor with a plow. Carrying out such studies makes it possible to obtain new experimental data on the operation of the elastic damping mechanism in-stalled in the power drive of a tractor when aggregated with a plow. The control experiments were carried out in the same field during the summer and autumn peri-ods of one year. The benchmark for comparative experiments was the same tractor, but with a blocked elastic damping mechanism (for brevity, it is called “serial”). The results were processed on a personal computer using a software package. To analyze energy efficiency, a conditional classifi-cation of sample variability based on the coefficient of variation was used. Spectral analysis was performed to study numerical slip data. The indicators of the energy assessment show that the unit with an elastic damping mechanism in the power drive of the tractor has better performance (travel speed, productivity and fuel consump-tion per hectare) than a similar unit with a more rigid transmission. The elastic damping mechanism creates more favorable conditions for the formation of the nature of the load of the nodes, with un-steady and steady-state modes of motion. Statistical analysis of numerical data on slipping showed that the use of the mechanism makes it possible to reduce the mathematical expectation of slipping. Analysis of spectral characteristics indicates that the elastic-damping mechanism absorbs frequen-cies, being a filter when aggregated with various tools. Everything mentioned above indicates a sig-nificant improvement in the characteristics of the unit when using an elastic damping mechanism.

General practitioners and clinical pharmacology

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-244
Author(s):  
P. Lemoine
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Pharmacology ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Discussion Group ◽  
Group Method ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Test Drug ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

SummaryIt is difficult to undertake field studies with non marketed psychotropic drugs because of two apparently contradictory conditions : on the one hand, the methodology has to be rigorously controlled, and on the other hand, such studies have to be carried out in their future environment by general practitioners (GPs). Bearing in mind the lack of training and experience regarding this kind of approach, the author adopted a discussion group method according to the techniques developed by M. Balint. The study group comprised five GPs, a clinical pharmacology expert and a doctor from the pharmaceutical laboratory which had developed the test drug. These persons met on a monthly basis over a one year period. In the present paper, the author indicates the benefits of such a methodology, based on six years’ experience and several trials, with special emphasis placed on the pedagogical aspects.

scholarly journals Phlebotomine Sand Fly Fauna andLeishmaniaInfection in the Vicinity of the Serra do Cipó National Park, a Natural Brazilian Heritage Site

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana Silva Lana ◽  
Érika Monteiro Michalsky ◽  
Consuelo Latorre Fortes-Dias ◽  
João Carlos França-Silva ◽  
Fabiana de Oliveira Lara-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Local Data ◽  
Phlebotomine Sand Flies ◽  
Serra Do Cipó ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One ◽  
Favorable Conditions

In the New World, the leishmaniases are primarily transmitted to humans through the bites ofLeishmania-infectedLutzomyia(Diptera: Psychodidae) phlebotomine sand flies. Any or both of two basic clinical forms of these diseases are endemic to several cities in Brazil—the American cutaneous leishmaniasis (ACL) and the American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL). The present study was conducted in the urban area of a small-sized Brazilian municipality (Jaboticatubas), in which three cases of AVL and nine of ACL have been reported in the last five years. Jaboticatubas is an important tourism hub, as it includes a major part of the Serra do Cipó National Park. Currently, no local data is available on the entomological fauna or circulatingLeishmania. During the one-year period of this study, we captured 3,104 phlebotomine sand flies belonging to sixteenLutzomyiaspecies. In addition to identifying incriminated or suspected vectors of ACL with DNA of the etiological agent of AVL and vice versa, we also detectedLeishmaniaDNA in unexpectedLutzomyiaspecies. The expressive presence of vectors and naturalLeishmaniainfection indicates favorable conditions for the spreading of leishmaniases in the vicinity of the Serra do Cipó National Park.

scholarly journals Competitive Binding Investigations and Quantitation in Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectra of Binary Dye Mixtures

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mircea A. Comanescu ◽  
Cyril Muehlethaler ◽  
John R. Lombardi ◽  
Marco Leona ◽  
Thomas A. Kubic
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Synthesis Method ◽  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Calibration Models ◽  
Surface Enhanced ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman ◽  
Standard Calibration ◽  
One Year ◽  
Selection Of

This research presents a study in surface-enhanced Raman quantitation of dyes present in mixtures of alizarin and purpurin using standard calibration curves and Langmuir isotherm calibration models. Investigations of the nature of competitive adsorption onto silver nanoparticles by centrifugation indicates that both dyes in the mixture interact with the nanoparticles simultaneously, but only the stronger adsorbing one is seen to dominate the spectral characteristics. Calibration can be carried out by careful selection of peaks characteristic to each dye in the mixture. Comparisons of peak height and peak area calibrations reveal that peak heights, when selected by the maximum value and accounting for peak shifts, prove the better model for quantitation. It is also shown that the microwave nanoparticle synthesis method produces stable nanoparticles with a shelf-life of at least one year that give very little variation within and between uses.

scholarly journals Agrochemical and water-physical properties of sod-podzolic soil with drip irrigation of a fruit nursery

2021 ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
N. N. Dubenok ◽  
A. V. Gemonov ◽  
A. V. Lebedev ◽  
O. E. Efimov ◽  
A. A. Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Podzolic Soil ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Relevance. The use of irrigation is one of the directions of intensification of fruit growing. Drip irrigation is considered one of the promising methods of irrigation, which provides the creation of the most favorable conditions for the growth and development of plants, makes it possible to supply irrigation water directly to their roots and allows the use of automation tools in the irrigation process. The results of ongoing scientific research show that changes in the water-physical and agrochemical properties of soils can be observed on irrigated lands. For the Central Region of the Non-Chernozem Zone of Russia, studies on the influence of drip irrigation on soil properties are fragmentary.Methods. Field studies were conducted on the territory of the educational experimental farm of the Michurinsky Garden fruit growing laboratory of the Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy. A two-factor experience in the study of different ranges of moisture for the formation of varietal plum seedlings grafted on plum tree stock was laid in the spring of 2018. Before setting up the experiment, organic fertilizers were introduced in the form of horse manure with sawdust in the amount of 100 t/ha. Soil moisture was controlled using tensiometers, calibrated based on the data of the thermostat-weight method. Irrigation rates were set in such a way as to increase the moisture content by 20% of the lowest moisture capacity. The identification of the main agrochemical and water-physical properties of the soil in the experimental plot was carried out according to generally accepted methods and techniques.Results. The data obtained on the characteristics of the water-physical and agrochemical properties of sod-podzolic soil make it possible to reasonably design the irrigation regime, reclamation and agrotechnical measures. The results of the study show that the local irrigation of soils with sparing irrigation rates with the application has led to certain changes in some soil parameters. However, the obtained research results suggest that in quantitative terms, these changes are not yet significant.

scholarly journals Correlations between weather parameters, atmospheric hydrogen sulphide level and vitamin B12 administration to H2S exposed workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-11
Author(s):  
Livia-Cristina Borcan ◽  
Florin Borcan ◽  
Elena-Ana Păuncu ◽  
Mirela Cleopatra Tomescu
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Professional Exposure ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Weather Parameters ◽  
One Year

Abstract Hydrogen sulphide, a highly toxic gas, can be used in crenotherapy to balance all metabolic processes (minerals, fats and proteins). The main aims of this study were to correlate the weather characteristics with the atmospheric H2S level and to evaluate the antidote activity of B12 Vitamin in the case of prolonged exposure to this compound. 46 volunteers, people from the medical staff of an important Romanian thermal water spring spa, with professional exposure at H2S, were enrolled in this study; numerical data about their blood pressure, atmospheric H2S concentration and about the weather conditions were collected every month for one year. The results indicate an improvement in the blood pressure of volunteers treated with Vitamin B12; no significant correlation between the concentration of total urinary sulphur and the concentration of atmospheric H2S level was found.

scholarly journals Influence of fault roughness on surface displacement: from numerical simulations to coseismic slip distributions

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 1857-1877 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucile Bruhat ◽  
Yann Klinger ◽  
Amaury Vallage ◽  
Eric M Dunham
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Dynamic Rupture ◽  
Coseismic Slip ◽  
Fault Roughness ◽  
Critical Wavelength ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
Background Shear

SUMMARY Field studies have characterized natural faults as rough, non-planar surfaces at all scales. Fault roughness induces local stress perturbations during slip, which dramatically affect rupture behaviour, resulting in slip heterogeneity. However, the relation between fault roughness and slip heterogeneity remains a key knowledge gap between current numerical and field studies. In this study, we analyse numerical simulations of earthquake rupture to determine how roughness influences final slip. Using a rupture catalogue containing thousands of dynamic rupture simulations on band-limited self-similar fractal fault profiles with varying roughness and background shear stress levels, we quantify how fault roughness affects the spectral characteristics of the resulting slip distribution. We find that slip distributions become increasingly more self-affine, that is, containing more short wavelength fluctuations as compared to the self-similar fault profiles, as roughness increases. We also find that, at very short wavelengths (<1 km), the fractal dimension of the slip distributions dramatically changes with increasing roughness, background shear stress, and rupture speed (sub-Rayleigh versus supershear). The existence of a critical wavelength around 1 km, under which more short wavelengths are either preserved or created, suggests the role of rupture process and dynamic effects, together with fault geometry, in controlling the final slip distributions. The same spectral analysis is performed on high-resolution coseismic surface slip distributions from a catalogue of real strike-slip earthquakes. Compared to numerical simulations, all earthquakes feature slip distributions that are much more self-affine than the slip distributions from numerical simulations. A different critical wavelength, here around 5–6 km, appears, potentially informing about a critical asperity length. While we show here that the relation between fault roughness and slip is much more complex than expected, this study is a first attempt at using statistical analyses of numerical simulations on rough faults to investigate observed coseismic slip distributions.

Economic and Cultural Life of the Czech Migrants of Volhynian Province in the Late 19th – early 20th centuries

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
Melnychuk Melnychuk ◽  
Oleksandr Sulimenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Private Ownership ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Reform Period ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Qualitative State ◽  
High Level ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
First Time

The article explores the main aspects of Czech economic activity in the territory of Volhyn. Particular attention is paid to the formation of agriculture, the acquisition of land by the colonists, their agriculture and industry. The article highlights the peculiarities of Czech people cultural life in the region at the end of XIX – beginning of XX century. It is noted that the most favorable conditions for Czech emigration were created in the Volhynian province, where after the abolition of serfdom in 1861 and the unsuccessful Polish uprising in 1863, the Czechs were able to buy land at relatively cheap prices. The article shows the tsarist government’s policy towards the settlers, which he endorsed and supported in order to weaken the influence of the Polish nobility and raise the economic level of the province. It is noted that the Czech settlers were interested in local Polish landlords, who were devastated for various reasons and were considered to be real buyers of their land. The article chronologically indicates their regions of residence in the Volyn province counties. The study shows the difficulties faced by migrants in their first years of residence on new territory and ways to overcome them. It is noted that the tsarist administration saw in the Czechs the bearers of Western European progress, because they were distinguished by a high level of agro-culture. The article examines the tsarist government’s study of the quantitative and qualitative state of life of the Czechs in the province, and points to the authorities’ conclusion that the settlers were wealthy compared to Ukrainian peasants. For the first time on the basis of archival documents, the study analyzed the number of Czechs and the amount of land they purchased for private ownership in each township and in general in the Volhynian province counties. It was concluded that the largest number of Czechs lived in Dubna County, where on average there were 1,45 des. of land per person, and in general in the province there were 1,6 des. of land per person. It is noted that during the Stolypin agrarian reform, the Czechs began to migrate from the agrarian-populated Volhynian province to other regions of the empire. The article analyzes the peculiarities of Czechs’ economic activity during the reform period, the creation of exemplary farms and cutting farms. Based on individual field studies, the value of Czech living in the region is shown.

An Improved Method for Marking Crayfish

Crustaceana ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 641-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Carapace Length ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Pacifastacus Leniusculus ◽  
Practical Approach ◽  
Large Field ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
Field Sample ◽  
One Year ◽  
Remarkable Reduction

AbstractAn improved method of marking crayfish by refinement of punching holes in uropods and telson and clipping pleura was developed. The method, with at least 10 800 codes, provides an economical and practical approach to temporarily mark and individually identify crayfish, and is particularly useful for marking a large field sample. The method was tested by marking Pacifastacus leniusculus both in laboratory and river. The marks on the crayfish, ranging from 30 to 75 mm carapace length (CL), from the river lasted more than one year (or 2-3 moults). The table of 10 800 codes, in which most reliable codes are also indicated, is given to facilitate further application. The method is suitable for field studies on population size, density and dispersal or migration of animals as no significant effects on the survival of marked crayfish of >30 mm CL were found. However, care must be taken if the method is applied to estimate growth because a remarkable reduction (~20%) in the moult increment of CL after marking treatment was observed in crayfish, ranging from 33.4 to 46.6 mm CL, under laboratory conditions.

The effect of temperature on the field softening of hard seed of Stylosanthes humilis and S. hamata in a dry monsoonal climate

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
GM McKeon ◽  
JJ Mott
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Hard Seed ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
One Year ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions

The changes in hard-seed content in pastures of Stylosanthes humilis and S. hamata cv. Verano were studied at Katherine, N.T. Both field studies and laboratory ovens with diurnal temperature changes showed that maximum soil surface temperatures greater than 50-55�C were required to produce substantial softening of hard seed. The rate of softening increased with higher maximum temperature. At Katherine, only the September-November period (late dry season) was likely to produce soil surface temperatures high enough for softening in naturally occurring seed populations. S. hamata did not soften to the same extent as S. humilis under both field and laboratory conditions. In established pastures only 35 % of S. hamata seed softened in one year, compared with 60-80% in S. humilis. Management practices may be required to improve seedling regeneration or establishment of new pastures in S. hamata.

Field Studies on the Behaviour of Organic Micropollutants During Infiltration of River Water to Ground Water

1987 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1195-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Schaffner ◽  
M. Ahel ◽  
W. Giger
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Chlorinated Solvents ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Field Site ◽  
Phenolic Pollutants ◽  
One Year ◽  
Observation Wells

The fate of organic micropollutants during ground water infiltration is of great interest since many water works use bank filtration as a first step in the treatment of river water for public water supplies. Field and laboratory studies are necessary to enhance our knowledge on the behaviour of organic chemicals during infiltration of river water to ground water. In an earlier study nonpolar volatile compounds (e.g. tetrachloroethylene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene and 1,3-dimethylbenzene) were investigated in natural river-ground water infiltration systems in Switzerland (Schwarzenbach et al., 1983). In this poster we report on recent work using one of these field sites and studying pentachlorophenol (PCP), nonylphenol (NP), nonylphenol monoethoxylate (NP1EO), nonylphenol diethoxylate (NP2EO) and nitrilotriacetate (NTA), Preliminary results will also be reported for ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The field site for our investigation was in the lower Glatt Valley, Switzerland where the Glatt River infiltrates into a quarternary fluvioglacial valley fill aquifer. The Glatt River is a small, rather heavily polluted perialpine river which receives effluents from ten mechanical-biological treatment plants of municipal waste water (Ahel et al., 1984). At the field site the average discharge of the river is approximately 8 m3/sec and permanent infiltration of the river through a saturated zone can be assumed. Observation wells allowed the sampling of freshly infiltrated water at various distances (2,5 - 14 m) from the river. During one year seventeen sample series were collected at approximately monthly intervals including samples from the river and from four ground water observation wells. Pentachlorophenol was determined by a method based on the procedure by Renberg and Lindstróm (1981), Detailed descriptions of the analytical methods for NP, NP1EO, NP2EO and NTA are given elsewhere (Ahel and Giger, 1985; Schaffner and Giger, 1984). The observed averages and ranges of concentrations are given in Table 1. It was concluded that NTA is eliminated rapidly during ground water infiltration. Starting from a range of 8 to 83 mg/m3 and an average of 27 mg/m3 in the river, after 7 m of infiltration only 0.5 mg/m3 are left corresponding to an elimination of 98%. Low temperatures in winter (4 – 6 °C) and reduced oxygen contents in summer had no effect on the efficient elimination of NTA, This result is highly important in addressing the question as to what extent NTA might reach bank filtrated waters from polluted rivers. The phenolic pollutants were eliminated according to the sequence: NP1EO ≈ NP2EO > NP > PCP. This is based on the decrease of the average concentrations over the first seven meters of infiltration. In particular, PCP turned out to be rather persistent in the ground water but not to such a degree as tetrachloroethylene and other chlorinated solvents which had been studied earlier.

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