scholarly journals Characterization of Zymoseptoria tritici populations in Belarus by morphologic and cultural features

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-225
Author(s):  
N. A. Krupenko* ◽  
I. N. Odintsova
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Southern Population ◽  
Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽  
Northern Population ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
The North ◽  
Shannon’S Index ◽  
Cultural Features

Septoria leaf blotch caused by Zymoseptoria tritici is one of the most harmful diseases in Belarus. Isolates of the pathogen were obtained from northern, central and southern populations: in 2018–2019, whichvaried significantly among in the structure of colonies. The rate of fungal isolates forming yeast-like colonies decreased from 55.0 % in the North of Belarus to 6.7 % in the South, whereas incidence of filamentous isolates increased from 31.3 % to 80.0 %, respectively. In the northern population, phenotypic diversity was high, while in the southern population it was the lowest (Shannon’s index was 1.53 and 1.14, respectively).

Selection and characterization of Argentine isolates of Trichoderma harzianum for effective biocontrol of Septoria leaf blotch of wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina C. Stocco ◽  
Cecilia I. Mónaco ◽  
Cecilia Abramoff ◽  
Gladys Lampugnani ◽  
Graciela Salerno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch

scholarly journals Изучение коллекционного материала озимой твердой пшеницы на наличие гена устойчивости к септориозу Stb2

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
O. S. Zhogaleva ◽  
A. Yu. Myshastaya ◽  
O. S. Pavlenko ◽  
N. N. Vozhzhova ◽  
E. V. Ionova
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Results ◽  
High Yields

In order to obtain high yields of winter durum wheat, it is necessary not only to use advanced agricultural technologies, but also to sow varieties resistant to major diseases. One of these diseases that cause great harm to grain crops is Septoria leaf blotch. The current paper has presented the study results of collection material of Russian and foreign winter durum wheat according to the efficiency of the Septoria leaf blotch resistance gene Stb2 in the North Caucasus region. The purpose of the current study was to identify the Septoria leaf blotch resistance gene Stb2 in the collection material of winter durum wheat. The study was carried out in 2017–2018 in the laboratory of marker breeding of the FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy” in Zernograd. In the course of the study there have been applied such methods as the isolation of genomic DNA by the CTAB-method, PCR-analysis with the molecular SSR marker WMS533, electrophoresis on 2% agarose gel, analysis of electrophoresis gels in the Bio-Rad Image Lab 6.0 software, general data analysis by Microsoft Excel. The study has shown that 29 samples out of 185 analyzed ones had the Septoria leaf blotch resistance gene Stb2, they are the lines L3557 h42, L3182 h7, L3335 h29, L3336 h43, L3408 h218 (Russia, FSBSI “Research Center of Plants named after P. P. Lukyanenko”), K-61620 (Russia), K-54455, DF 917 (Romania), K-61924, K-59179, K-51863, K-61869 (Moldova), K-63871 (Turkey), Kharkovskaya 909 (Ukraine), MVTD-15-99 (Hungary), 2196-1/04, 922/93, 589/13, 655/13, 683/13, 145/14, 322/14, 484/14, Gordeiform 1424/82 (Russia, FSBSI “ARC “Donskoy”), Beliy Parus (Ukraine), Belgorodskaya Yantarnaya (LLC “Sativa” in Belgorod, Russia), IR named after V. Ya. Yuriev (Kharkov, Ukraine)), Zhivitsa (Russia, Prikumskaya OSS), Pandur (Romania) and Elidur (Romania). There have been recommended using the identified samples of winter durum wheat with the Septoria leaf blotch resistance gene Stb2 in breeding programs.

scholarly journals Septoria Leaf Blotch and Reduced Nitrogen Availability Alter WRKY Transcription Factor Expression in a Codependent Manner

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 4165
Author(s):  
Alistair A. Poll ◽  
Jack Lee ◽  
Roy A. Sanderson ◽  
Ed Byrne ◽  
John A. Gatehouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Wrky Transcription Factor ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Reduced Nitrogen ◽  
Necrotrophic Stage ◽  
Transcription Factor Expression

A major cause of yield loss in wheat worldwide is the fungal pathogen Zymoseptoria tritici, a hemibiotrophic fungus which causes Septoria leaf blotch, the most destructive wheat disease in Europe. Resistance in commercial wheat varieties is poor, however, a link between reduced nitrogen availability and increased Septoria tolerance has been observed. We have shown that Septoria load is not affected by nitrogen, whilst the fungus is in its first, symptomless stage of growth. This suggests that a link between nitrogen and Septoria is only present during the necrotrophic phase of Septoria infection. Quantitative real-time PCR data demonstrated that WRKYs, a superfamily of plant-specific transcription factors, are differentially expressed in response to both reduced nitrogen and Septoria. WRKY39 was downregulated over 30-fold in response to necrotrophic stage Septoria, whilst changes in the expression of WRKY68a during the late biotrophic phase were dependent on the concentration of nitrogen under which wheat is grown. WRKY68a may therefore mediate a link between nitrogen and Septoria. The potential remains to identify key regulators in the link between nitrogen and Septoria, and as such, elucidate molecular markers for wheat breeding, or targets for molecular-based breeding approaches.

scholarly journals Tramesan Elicits Durum Wheat Defence Against the Septoria Leaf Blotch Complex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
VALERIA Scala ◽  
Chiara Pietricola ◽  
valentina farina ◽  
marzia beccaccioli ◽  
slaven zjalic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Septoria Tritici Blotch ◽  
Septoria Tritici ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Wheat Field

The Septoria Leaf Blotch Complex (SLBC), caused by the two ascomycetes Zymoseptoria tritici and Parastagonospora nodorum, can reduce global yearly yield of wheat by up to 50%. In the last decade in Italy, SLBC incidence has increased; notably, durum wheat has proven to be more susceptible than common wheat. Field fungicide treatment can efficiently control these pathogens, but it leads to the emergence of resistant strains and adversely affects human and animal health, and the environment. Our previous studies indicated that active compounds produced by Trametes versicolor can restrict the growth of mycotoxigenic fungi and the biosynthesis of their secondary metabolites (e.g. mycotoxins). Specifically, we identified Tramesan: a 23 KDa -heteropolysaccharide secreted by T. versicolor that acts as a pro-antioxidant molecule in animal cells, fungi, and plants. Foliar-spraying of Tramesan (3.3 µM) in SLBC-susceptible varieties of durum significantly diminished symptoms of Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch (SNB) and Septoria Tritici Blotch (STB) by 75% and 65%, respectively. Tests were conducted under controlled conditions as well as in field. We show that Tramesan elicits wheat defence against SNB and STB augmenting the synthesis of defence-related hormones, notably JA and SA, that in turn switch on the expression of markers of defence (PR1, PR4 inter alia). In field experiments, yield of durum wheat plants treated with Tramesan was similar to that of untreated ones. The results suggest the use of Tramesan for protecting durum wheat against SLBC.

scholarly journals Development and species composition of septariosis in crops of spring triticale varieties in Belarus

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-61
Author(s):  
V. A. Radivon ◽  
A. G. Zhukovsky
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Zymoseptoria Tritici ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Spring Triticale

Septoria leaf and head blotch is the most economically significant disease of grain crops in Belarus, as it is annually observed in crops and is highly harmful. Spring triticale is a perspective crop in our country with a high yield potential and grain quality, which, as known, decreases due to diseases development. There is little information on the varieties disease susceptibility, development peculiarities and species composition of septoria blotch of spring triticale, which determined the relevance of our research subject. The paper presents the results of studies in 2015-2019 on susceptibility of spring triticale varieties Uzor, Doublet, Sadko to septoria leaf and head blotch, peculiarities of the disease development depending on weather conditions were revealed and the species composition of pathogens of septoria leaf blotch was determined. It has been determined that severity of septoria leaf blotch by the end of early – soft dough of grain stage reached 36.6 %. Based on calculation of area under the disease progress curve, no significant differences were found in severity of septoria leaf blotch depending on the variety. Severity of septoria head blotch reached 22.7 % by the end of growing season. Direct dependences of septoria leaf and head blotch development on the amount of precipitation have been established, and a close correlation between the severity of septoria head blotch and septoria leaf blotch has been revealed. The species composition of septoria leaf blotch is represented by the fungi Parastagonospora nodorum, Parastagonospora avenae f. sp. triticae and Zymoseptoria tritici. The dominant species was P. nodorum, its frequency reached 99.2 % depending on the variety and growth stage of spring triticale, the second most common fungus was P. avenae f. sp. triticae - up to 58.6 %. For the first time in our country, in-depth research has been carried out to study septoria leaf and head blotch of spring triticale, the results obtained will serve as the basis for development of a protection system.

Isolation and Characterization of the Mating-Type Idiomorphs from the Wheat Septoria Leaf Blotch Fungus Mycosphaerella graminicola

2002 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cees Waalwijk ◽  
Odette Mendes ◽  
Els C.P. Verstappen ◽  
Maarten A. de Waard ◽  
Gert H.J. Kema
Keyword(s):  
Mating Type ◽  
Mycosphaerella Graminicola ◽  
Septoria Leaf Blotch ◽  
Leaf Blotch ◽  
Isolation And Characterization
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