scholarly journals Potato infection with viruses in the Republic of Bashkortostan and ribonuclease activity in tubers

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
R. M. Khairullin* ◽  
D. V. Garifullina ◽  
S. V. Veselova ◽  
E. A. Cherepanova ◽  
I. V. Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Rnase Activity ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
The Republic

The paper presents the results of enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) of the presence of potato viruses S (PVS), M (PVM), Y (PVY), X (PVX), and Potato Leaf Roll Virus (PLRV) in tubers of various potato varieties grown in 2019 in the Republic of Bashkortostan. PVS, PVM, PVY, PVX were detected, the VSLK virus was not detected. The greatest infection with PVS, PVM, and PVX was observed in samples of tubers of early-maturing varieties. Tubers of mid-early and late-maturing varieties were more often affected by PVY than early-maturing ones, and PVX was not detected in plants of those varieties. Ribonuclease (RNase) activity in potato tubers of 14 varieties depended on the earliness of the variety, regardless of the soil and climatic conditions. A statistically significant positive correlation (P<0.05) was found between the abundance of PVS and PVM viruses and RNase activity in tubers of medium-early and late-maturing varieties, whereas, on the contrary, a negative correlation between PVM and RNase activity was revealed when analyzing tubers of early-maturing varieties. It is concluded that the prevalence of potato viruses in the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan and the activity of RNase in tuber seedlings depend on the potato variety and the type of viruses.

Biodiversity and full genome sequence of potato viruses Alfalfa mosaic virus and potato leaf roll virus in Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 423-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Engy E. Abdel Aleem ◽  
Radwa M. Taha ◽  
Faiza A. Fattouh
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Complete Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Alfalfa Mosaic Virus ◽  
Potato Leaf Roll Virus ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Viruses

Abstract Solanum tuberosum (potato) is the second most important vegetable crop in Egypt. It is locally consumed, manufactured or supplied for export to Europe and other Arab countries. Potato is subject to infection by a number of plant viruses, which affect its yield and quality. Potato virus Y (PVY), potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), and Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) were detected in major potato-growing areas surveyed. Multiplex-RT-PCR assay was used for the detection of these three viruses in one reaction using three specific primer pairs designed to amplify genomic parts of each virus (1594 bp for PLRV, 795 bp for AMV, 801 bp for PVY). All three viruses were detected in a single reaction mixture in naturally infected field-grown potatoes. Multiplex RT-PCR improved sensitivity necessary for the early detection of infection. Incidence of single, double, or triple infection has been recorded in some locations. Full-length sequencing has been performed for an Egyptian FER isolate of PLRV. Through phylogenetic analysis, it was shown to occupy the same clade with isolate JokerMV10 from Germany. Complete nucleotide sequence of an Egyptian FER isolate of AMV and phylogenetic analysis was also performed; we propose that it is a new distinct strain of AMV belonging to a new subgroup IIC. This is the first complete nucleotide sequence of an Egyptian isolate of AMV. Genetic biodiversity of devastating potato viruses necessitates continuous monitoring of new genetic variants of such viruses.

scholarly journals PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF FORMATION OF REGIONAL INNOVATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX IN THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-946
Author(s):  
V.Ya. Akhmetov ◽  
R.N. Galikeev
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

According to the results of 2020, in the rating of the subjects of the Russian Federation for the production of gross agricultural output, the Republic of Bashkortostan came in 6th place and 2nd in the Volga Federal District. The long-term leadership of the republic in terms of the development of the agro-industrial complex is largely explained by the presence of large areas of agricultural land (more than 7.2 million hectares), sufficient labor resources and relatively favorable soil and climatic conditions for the development of many branches of agriculture. However, in the XXI century, without the introduction of agro-innovations and the development of high-tech agriculture, processing industry, an effective system for the sale of manufactured products, it is becoming increasingly problematic to ensure the long-term competitiveness of the agro-industrial complex of the region both at the All-Russian and global levels. Current trends in the development of agribusiness in the world and in our country clearly show the priority of using the latest achievements of scientific and technological progress and significant investments in new agricultural technologies at the regional level in order to ensure high quality products and compete with domestic and foreign companies. Within the framework of this study, the need to improve the interaction of agribusiness with the scientific and educational sphere and the formation of the regional innovation infrastructure of the agro-industrial complex in the Republic of Bashkortostan with the coordinating role of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Government of the Republic of Bashkortostan is actualized. The authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of the key problems in the creation of a regional agro-industrial scientific and production cluster in the Republic of Bashkortostan and outlined priorities in its development.

scholarly journals Species and sorts of lilac flowering duration in Ufa

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Natalia Viktorovna Polyakova
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Landscape Composition ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Flowering Duration ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Ornamental Shrubs

The paper presents characteristics of lilac flowering duration in the South-Ural Botanical Garden-Institute of Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. When selecting prospective species and sorts for landscaping purposes for each region, it is necessary to obtain a comprehensive assessment of decorative features. Lilac is now widely used in green building and is one of the most popular ornamental shrubs. The duration of flowering is one of the most important characteristics of ornamental plants and determines the decorative effect of the entire landscape composition. The paper presents the study results of the flowering duration of 11 species and 33 sorts of lilacs of the botanical garden collection for the last 7 years (2011-2017). The results obtained are shown in comparison with the data of earlier studies (2005-2009). The data analysis showed that in 2011-2017 the average lilac species flowering duration was 7-15, and that of varieties 13-15 days, which is 5-6 days shorter than the flowering period of the same taxa in 2005-2009. It is established that such a result is a consequence of changes in the climatic situation in the region. The obtained data on the lilac species flowering duration in Ufa, as well as the influence of climatic conditions on it, make it possible to successfully apply the studied species and varieties of lilacs for landscape design purposes in the Republic of Bashkortostan and adjacent territories.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY OF “MELAFEN” GROWTH STIMULATOR APPLICATION WHEN TREATING WINTER WHEAT SEEDS WITH “POLARIS” SUBSTANCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Игорь Кузнецов ◽  
Igor' Kuznecov ◽  
Анастасия Поварницына ◽  
Anastasiya Povarnicyna ◽  
Марсель Ахметзянов ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Processing Scheme ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The most important task at all stages of modern agriculture development is to increase the yield and quality of grain. Plant growth regulators can play a big role in this. The paper considers an impact of Polaris fungicide on winter wheat seeds and the use of growth regulator Melafen in winter wheat crops in Ufa region of the Republic of Bashkortostan are considered. The soil and climatic conditions of the growing season 2017-2018 years have influenced on formation of the yield and quality of winter wheat grain. Seed treatment with Polaris fungicide in combination with the crop care products provided productivity of 41.8-61.5 centner per hectare. The use of growth regulator Melafen in Ufa region of the Republic of Bashkortostan ensured an increase in crop yield up to 59.2-63.7 centner per hectare or 30.3-40.4%, depending on the processing scheme used. Determining the number of falls in the experience showed that this indicator fluctuated within 215-314 sec., which corresponds to the indicators for higher, first and second class of grain - a state of emergency more than 200 sec. In the experiment, the indicators of the nature of the grain had a value of from 671 to 758 g/l. The use of Polaris in the experiment contributed to the enhancement of the grain nature and reaching the level of the highest, 1.2 grade of grain. Due to the fact that in terms of quality group - all the options corresponded to group 2 of quality or grain of grade 3-5, the assessment of the quality of winter wheat grain shows that in the experience the quality of grain of all options corresponds to class 3.

scholarly journals Presence and distribution of economically important potato viruses in Montenegro

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Jelena Zindovic
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Virus S ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Das Elisa

The research was carried out, in the period 2002-2004 in order to determine the presence and distribution of potato viruses at 12 different locations and on 9 different potato varieties grown in Montenegro. The research included collecting of samples in seed potato crops and testing of six economically important potato viruses: Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), Potato virus Y (PVY), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus A (PVA) i Potato virus M (PVM). Using the direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) and commercial antisera specific for six potato viruses, it was found that PVY was the most frequent virus during the three-year research period. The second frequent virus was PVS, followed by PVA, PLRV, PVM and PVX. Single and mixed infections were detected, and the most prevalent were the single infections of PVY. Also, in the period 2002-2004, PVY had the highest distribution and the number of present viruses was different at different localities and on different potato varieties. Further investigations were related to detailed characterization of the most prevalent virus (PVY), which is at the same time economically the most important one. Serological characterization of PVY was performed utilizing DAS-ELISA kit with commercial monoclonal antibodies specific for detection of the three strain groups of PVY, and the two strain groups - necrotic (PVYN/PVYNTN) and common (PVYO), were identified. Necrotic strains were prevalent in 2002 and 2004, while in 2003 PVYO was the most frequent strain in virus population. The presence of stipple streak strain (PVYC) was not detected in any of the tested samples.

The relation of potato leaf roll virus net necrosis in potato tubers to the interval between planting and inoculation

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jutta Roosen ◽  
Ray G. Huffaker ◽  
Raymond J. Folwell ◽  
Thomas L. Marsh ◽  
Ronald C. Mittelhammer
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Potato Leaf Roll Virus ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Net Necrosis

scholarly journals Prevalence, distribution and control of six major potato viruses in Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Onditi ◽  
Moses Nyongesa ◽  
René van der Vlugt
Keyword(s):  
Potato Virus ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Potato Virus X ◽  
Plant Viruses ◽  
Multiple Infections ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
Potato Leaf ◽  
Potato Virus S ◽  
Potato Viruses ◽  
Virus Prevalence

AbstractIn most developing countries, farmers lack sufficient supply of certified or healthy potato seed tubers. Hence, they often plant their own saved ware potato tubers, a practice that is known to contribute to spread and increase the prevalence of plant viruses. In this study, we proposed options for managing the virus based on the knowledge obtained from surveys of virus prevalence and distribution in potato cultivars grown under such conditions. Potato leaf samples randomly collected from 354 farms in five major potato-growing counties in Kenya were tested for six potato viruses; potato virus Y (PVY), potato leaf roll virus (PLRV), potato virus X (PVX), potato virus M (PVM), potato virus A (PVA) and potato virus S (PVS) through DAS-ELISA. Virus prevalence in the fields was high; 72.9% of the samples were positive for at least one of the six viruses; and 55.9% showed multiple infections. A follow-up survey conducted during three consecutive seasons, in two of the five counties, revealed that virus prevalence fluctuated across seasons. This suggested that updated information on virus prevalence might be of value for designing a virus control strategy. Distribution maps showed the presence of the viruses restricted to specific geographic regions, an indication of where control efforts should be directed. Four cultivars, Sherekea, Shangi, Kenya Karibu and Asante, grown at a high virus-prevalent area, showed low values of average ELISA absorbance (OD), suggest a field resistance to the viruses. This study demonstrated that knowledge of prevalence and distribution may be of value to identify and recommend virus resistant cultivars to replace susceptible ones, especially in the virus hotspot areas.

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