scholarly journals GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ETHYL ALCOHOL OBTAINED FROM PLANTS OF THE GENUS ASTERACEAE

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (446) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
G.E. Azimbayeva ◽  
A.K. Kamysbayeva ◽  
Abdigali Bakibaev
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Chromatography Method ◽  
Impurity Composition ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Analysis

In recent years, serious attention has been paid around the world to the chemical and biotechnological processing of biomass of easily renewable plant raw materials. One of the most mass-produced aliphatic alcohols is ethyl alcohol. The aim of this work was gas chromatographic analysis of the chemical composition of ethyl alcohol obtained from plants of the genus Asteraceae (dahlia and jerusalem artichoke tubers, chicory and big burdock roots) growing on the territory of Kazakhstan. The article discusses the methods of obtaining and application of ethyl alcohol. The results of the analysis of the chemical composition of ethyl alcohol obtained from plants of the genus Asteraceae are presented. As a result of the study, alcohols were obtained in different concentrations. The chemical composition of ethyl alcohol was determined by gas chromatography. The impurity composition of ethyl alcohol obtained from various types of raw materials is also shown. The composition of impurities in various samples of ethanol and alcohol-containing products is considered in detail. The results of the study were discussed, and the peculiarities of using the gas chromatography method were shown.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATION OF THE COMPOSITION OF POLYPHENOLIC SUBSTANCES OF THE JUICE FROM ARTICHOKE TUBERS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (446) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
Z. Tuleshova ◽  
G.I. Baigazieva ◽  
E. Askarbekov
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Sugar Substitutes ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Carbohydrate Complex ◽  
Pectin Substances

Currently, the growth of diseases with diabetes, metabolic disorders, and obesity increases the demand for preventive and functional products. Currently available technologies for the production of preventive products provide for the replacement of sugar with sugar substitutes or its complete absence, which naturally reduces the nutritional and energy value of the products produced. One of the main promising areas of the processing industry is the production of new products and sugar substitutes based on non-traditional types of plant raw materials that have a rich carbohydrate complex in their composition. These types of raw materials among vegetable crops include jerusalem artichoke. Currently, jerusalem artichoke juice is of particular interest for use in the production of soft drinks, as it has a rich chemical composition, which makes Jerusalem artichoke indispensable in dietary nutrition, in the preparation of highly effective medicines. In this article, the chemical composition of tubers and juice-semi-finished products from jerusalem artichoke is investigated. The results of the studies showed that the bulk of the dry substances in jerusalem artichoke tubers are carbohydrates, most of which are represented by fructosides. In the semi-finished juice passes: oligosaccharides 22.54 %, monosaccharides 1.61%, as well as part of the structural polysaccharides-fiber 0.07 %, pectin substances 1.84 %. The change in the fractional composition of the polyphenolic substances of the pulp and semi - finished juice was studied when the pulp was kept for 30 minutes. When developing the technology for the production of juices and beverages based on jerusalem artichoke, it was found that the polyphenolic substances of jerusalem artichoke tubers have a great influence on the technological properties of raw materials, the quality and nutritional value of the finished product. It was found that the enzymatic process of oxidative transformation of polyphenols occurs as much as possible in the first 5-10 minutes.

Influence of flour from oilseed meal on sugars content in rye bread

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (16) ◽  
pp. 57-68
Author(s):  
Halyna Voloshchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Oilseed Meal ◽  
Rye Bread ◽  
Rye Flour ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds ◽  
The Impact

Subject of research – sugar content in rye bread with fractionally defatted flour from walnuts, pumpkin seeds, sesame and Jerusalem artichoke powder. The purpose – to investigate the chemical composition of sugars in flour from oilseed meal and to explain the impact of new raw materials upon the sugar content in bread made from rye flour. Materials and methods. For the production of pilot of bread used: rye flour; fermented rye malt; table salt; drinking water; ready liquid rye sourdough (composition: Lactobacillus plantarum 30, L .casei 26, L. fermenti 34, L .brevis and Saccharomyces minor "Chernorichenskaya", S. cerevisiae L1); fractionally defatted flour from walnuts, pumpkin seeds and sesame produced by PE "Research and Production Company "Elitfito"; Jerusalem artichoke powder "Dar". The dough was prepared in a three-phase way: liquid sourdough – saccharified choux – dough. Jerusalem artichoke powder and oilseed meal were added to the dough. The chemical composition of sugars in raw materials and bread was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The effect of fractionally defatted flour on the course of processes in rye dough was performed on a farinograph and amylograph of Brabender. The intensity of gas formation of the dough was determined on the device AG-1. Changes in the crystal structure of the bread crumb were performed using X-ray phase analysis on the device DRON UM-1 in the range of angles 2θ from 5 to 60 degrees. Results. It is established that the share of sugars in flour from oilseed meal is 2 ... 8 times higher than the content of sugars in rye flour. The content of sugars in fractionally defatted flour from walnuts is 43.0 %, from pumpkin seeds – 14.2 %, from sesame – 12.8% by weight of dry matter. Up to 80% of all sugars in fractionally defatted flour are sucrose and maltose. The ratio of fructose to glucose in fractionally defatted flour from walnuts is 1:1.25; from pumpkin seeds – 1:0.73; of sesame seeds – 1:0.5. The addition of 7.0 % fractionally defatted flour mixed with 3 % of the Jerusalem artichoke powder reduces the mass fraction of sugars in bread compared to the bread made with Jerusalem artichoke only. It has been studied that fractionally defatted flour from walnuts, pumpkin seeds and sesame reduces the hydrolytic decomposition of rye flour starch and promotes the process of fermentation of sugars. Scope. A mixture of fractionally defatted flour from oilseed meal in the amount of 7 % should be used for the production of bread from rye flour with 3 % Jerusalem artichoke powder to the mass fraction of flour to reduce the content of high glycemic starch sugars.

TECHNOLOGY OF PLANT RAW MATERIALS MICROBIOLOGICAL PROCESSING WITH PLEUROTUS STRAINS FOR FEED PRODUCTS PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
pp. 405-414
Author(s):  
Veronika Valentinovna Tarnopol’skaya ◽  
Tat'yana Vasil'yevna Ryazanova ◽  
Natal'ya Yur'yevna Demidenko ◽  
Oksana Nikolayevna Eryomenko
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Seed Stock ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Pure Cultures

A technology for pilot production of feed products via microbiological conversion of plant raw materials (mixed substrate of pine sawdust and vegetative part of Jerusalem artichoke) by Plerotus ostreatus PO-4.1 and Pleurotus djamor PD-3.2 strains is developed. The technology includes hydrodynamic activation of substrate at the seed stock production stage. The overall technology includes three key stages: submerged fermentation of pure cultures of production strains; submerged-solid phase fermentation of hydrodynamicly activated plant raw materials for seed stock production; solid-state fermentation of mechanically ground plant substrate for feed products production. A successful approbation of submerged-solid state fermentation of production strains on media containing 3% of hydrodynamicly activated raw materials allowed for obtaining seed stock with 14.5 g/l yield of submerged mycelium biomass fully adopted for this type of substrate. Further use of this seed stock biomass at the solid state fermentation stage makes the overall process duration three times shorter compared to existing technologies for direct wood waste bioconversion. The pilot plant results show valuable practicability of plant raw material hydrodynamic activation with the purpose of enhancing its bioaccessibility with consequent increase in degree of microbiological conversion. The product of bioconversion contains 14–16% of protein, biofiber, vitamins and minerals and could be considered for successful use as feed by agricultural enterprises.

Gas Chromatographic Determination of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T and Their Derivatives in Commercial Formulations

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-333
Author(s):  
Patricia L Pursley ◽  
E D Schall
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Chromatographic Determination ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Alkyl Esters ◽  
Boron Trichloride ◽  
Acid Gas ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Analysis

Abstract A solution of boron trichloride in methanol was employed for the complete transcsterification of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T esters to the corresponding methyl esters. Gas chromatographic analysis of the methyl esters permitted mixtures of 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T esters in commercial formidations to be analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively with no sample cleanup. The method is highly specific and detected the presence of other contaminating isomers of dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Gas chromatography was also used to qualitatively analyze mixtures of various alkyl esters of 2,4-D.

scholarly journals Biologically active substances of some species of the genus Asteraceae

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (79) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
A. K. Kamysbaevа ◽  
◽  
G. E. Azimbaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Plants ◽  
Asteraceae Family ◽  
Active Substances

Currently, 40% of drugs used in modern medicine are obtained from plant raw materials. Among the wild flora there are medicinal plant species containing a variety of chemical composition, including biologically active substances with antimicrobial activity and phytoncidal properties. This article presents biologically active substances of some species of the genus Asteraceae . The chemical composition of plants belonging to the Asteraceae family is represented by anthocyanins, inulins, pectins, flavonoids, proteins, cloves, fatty oils, coumarins, carotenes and polyphenols. The plant of the Asteraceae family is used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antitumor and cardiotonic agent.

New Approach to Derivatization and Gas-Chromatographic Analysis of Barbiturates

1974 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard H Greeley
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Soluble Salts ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Alkyl Derivatives ◽  
High Resolution Gas Chromatography ◽  
Alkyl Iodides ◽  
Derivatives Of

Abstract A recently developed procedure for alkylation of organic acids has proven extremely successful for preparation of volatile alkyl derivatives of the barbiturates for gas-chromatographic analysis. Soluble salts are formed in a mixture of N,N-dimethylacetamide and methanol. These in turn react rapidly with alkyl iodides to form the corresponding alkyl derivatives. The butyl derivatives of barbiturates, prepared in this manner, are separable by high-resolution gas-chromatography. Any of 14 barbiturates can be determined simultaneously or separately (although there is some overlap with certain uncommon barbiturates). The butyl derivatives of several barbiturates that are unresolved in the form of underived compounds or methyl esters can be resolved, thus overcoming many previous analytical limitations.

Mechanized Extraction and Cleanup of Atrazine Residues in Soil Prior to Gas Chromatographic Analysis

1971 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 1388-1395
Author(s):  
D E Ott ◽  
G Formica ◽  
G F Liebig ◽  
D O Eberle ◽  
F A Gunther
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Lower Limit ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Gas Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Fraction Collector ◽  
Solvent Volume

Abstract Complete mechanization of extraction and cleanup steps has been developed for atrazine residues in soils for analysis by nitrogen detector gas chromatography. Manually sieved and weighed soil samples are mechanically presented at a maximum rate of 6 per hour to this system, which delivers cleaned-up solvent extracts of the samples at the same rate to a fraction collector. Adjustment of final solvent volume in collection vessels and gas chromatography are performed manually in the present work. Atrazine residues in soils are thus rapidly determined down to a lower limit of 0.05 ppm.

New cereal concentrates with increased biological value in the modern nutrition structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Bal-Prylypko ◽  
◽  
H Тolok ◽  
M Nikolaenko ◽  
A Antonenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
New Products ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Milk Substitutes ◽  
Market Needs

This article highlights the problem of functional nutrition in Ukraine. Rationale and need for creating new products with improved properties are substantiated, the list of used natural additives, which are a source of important nutrients, is given. The results of conducted tests confirm the optimization of the chemical composition of new cereal concentrates, improvement of their organoleptic properties, an extension of shelf life, which indicates that the choice of the prescription components is correct and their rational proportion. The nutritional and biological value of Extrapolyvitamix, a new cereal concentrate, enriched with vegetable powders, wheat germ, casein iodide, and raisins, is determined. The investigations of cereal concentrate properties proved that they might be included in a group of functional foods due to changes in chemical composition, which will compensate for the deficiency of nutrients necessary for optimal body functioning after previous diseases. The rational concentrations of functional ingredients that can be used in new products are established. It is proved that the use of vegetable-based milk substitutes will allow the development of new products that meet current market needs. Taking into account global trends and changes in consumer preferences, plans for future studies focuses on creating new products with high biological value using only plant raw materials.

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