scholarly journals Postural and respiratory function of the abdominal muscles: A pilot study to measure abdominal wall activity using belt sensors

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jakub Novak ◽  
Andrew Busch ◽  
Pavel Kolar ◽  
Alena Kobesova
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Force Sensors ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

BACKGROUND: The abdominal muscles play an important respiratory and stabilization role, and in coordination with other muscles regulate intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) to stabilize the spine. OBJECTIVE: To examine a new, non-invasive method to measure activation of the abdominal wall and compare changes in muscle activation during respiration while breathing under a load, and during instructed breathing. METHODS: Thirty-five healthy individuals completed this observational crossover study. Two capacitive force sensors registered the abdominal wall force during resting breathing stereotype, instructed breathing stereotype and under a load. RESULTS: Mean abdominal wall force increased significantly on both sensors when holding the load compared to resting breathing (Upper Sensor: P< 0.0005, d=-0.46, Lower Sensor: P< 0.0005, d=-0.56). The pressure on both sensors also significantly increased during instructed breathing compared to resting breathing (US: P< 0.0005, d=-0.76, LS: P< 0.0005, d=-0.78). CONCLUSIONS: The use of capacitive force-sensors represent a new, non-invasive method to measure abdominal wall activity. Clinically, belts with capacitive force sensors can be used as a feedback tool to train abdominal wall activation.

scholarly journals Surface electromyography comparison of the abdominal hypopressive gymnastics against the prone bridge exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Alfonso Quiroz Sandoval ◽  
Nathalie Tabilo ◽  
Cristóbal Bahamondes ◽  
Pilar Bralic
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Surface Electromyography ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
External Oblique ◽  
Internal Oblique

Objectives: Abdominal hypopressive gymnastics (AHG) is a little-researched method designed to train the muscles of the abdominal wall and pelvic floor under low stress. This study’s objective is to compare levels of muscle activation in AHG against prone bridge by surface electromyography (sEMG) of the abdominal wall muscles. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects were enrolled to measure the muscle activity of the rectus abdominis (RA), transversus abdominis/internal oblique (Tra/IO), and external oblique (EO) during three exercises: prone bridge (PB), orthostatic hypopressive (OH), and hypopressive bridge (HB). Root mean square values normalized to the PB (%PB) as a baseline were used to compare the PB against OH and HB. Results: The median PB ratio (%PB) for the Tra/IO showed –10.31% and +59.7% activation during OH and the HB, respectively, whereas the RA showed –77.8% and +19.3% and the EO –39.8% and +9.8%. Significant differences were found for all muscles except the Tra/IO during the OH. Conclusion: This study’s results suggest that hypopressive exercises facilitate the activation of the Tra/IO similar to bridge exercises while simultaneously reducing RA and EO activity. This suggests that hypopressive training is a valid alternative for activating the abdominal muscles, isolating the Tra/IO at low intra-abdominal pressure.

scholarly journals A pilot study demonstrating a non‐invasive method for the measurement of protein turnover in skin disorders: application to psoriasis

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire L Emson ◽  
Sarah Fitzmaurice ◽  
Glen Lindwall ◽  
Kelvin W Li ◽  
Marc K Hellerstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Skin Disorders ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

Non-Invasive Measurement of Intra-Abdominal Pressure through Abdominal Wall during Urodynamic Study

1993 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
H. Takahashi ◽  
K. Obara ◽  
A. Hatano ◽  
M. Tamaki ◽  
M. Takeda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Intraabdominal Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Urodynamic Study ◽  
Intravesical Pressure ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Urodynamic Studies ◽  
Rectal Pressure ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Invasive Measurement

We found that the intra-abdominal pressure could be measured non-invasively, simply and directly through the abdominal wall using a pressure transducer that we used for routine urodynamic studies. We designed a simple device, “transducer attacher”, for attaching the transducer to the abdominal wall. To evaluate the utility of pressure this measured, we compared it with the empty intravesical pressure which is equal to the intraabdominal pressure. Pressure through the abdominal wall did not differ significantly from that of the empty urinary bladder measured on 33 strainings performed by 15 patients complaining of urinary disturbance. The relationship between the rise in empty intravesical pressure (X) and the abdominal wall pressure (Y) was shown by the equation Y = 1.13X-2.89 (r = 0.971, p<0.01). These findings indicate that the pressure measured through the abdominal wall represents the intra-abdominal pressure. This new technique presents an alternative to monitoring the rectal pressure in urodynamic studies.

scholarly journals A CONCISE PICTURE OF HERNIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
ATHIRA ROY ◽  
KRISHNA RAVI ◽  
REEJA T REJI
Keyword(s):  
Hernia Repair ◽  
Abdominal Wall ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Tension Free ◽  
Laparoscopic Techniques

A hernia is a disease wherein organs or tissues, like the bowel, bulge through the abdominal wall. The etiological, as well as precipitating factors for hernia include abdominal pressure, pre-existing weakness of abdominal muscles, gender, obesity, age, diet, lack of regular exercise, and smoking. Swelling, stiffness, and discomfort seem to be the most prevalent hernia symptoms, particularly while straining, moving, or bending down. Open and laparoscopic techniques are mainly used for hernia repair, both use mesh to counterbalance the abdominal wall flaws and provide a tension-free restoration.

scholarly journals Healthy Aging Guided by Circadian Rhythm Monitoring Using a Smartwatch-Like Device

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Barreto Nogueira ◽  
Manoel Teixeira
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Main Factor

: Aging is the main factor for onset of disease. Nonetheless, chronological age does not necessarily correspond to biological age. The regulation of aging, circadian rhythms, and temperature involves the same brain structure: the hypothalamus. We previously showed that the analysis of the circadian rhythm of temperature may predict neurologic signs with 24 hours of antecedence. Our hypothesis is that the circadian rhythm of temperature changes gradually with aging and correlates with biological age. This study aims to assess whether the circadian rhythm of temperature correlates with the chronological age of healthy individuals aged between 18 and 72 years and changes more intensely in individuals with obesity, which is a disease associated with unhealthy aging. To achieve the study goals, 60 individuals will be enrolled and separated into four groups according to age (< or ≥ 45 years) and health status (healthy or obese). The participants will wear a wristband with vital sign sensors and an accelerometer for three days to detect movement during wake period and lack of movement during sleep period. The ratio between the mean skin temperature during the sleep and preceding wake period will be the main parameter to be analyzed in the study. The possible result is that this ratio is higher in healthy young individuals, as well as healthy age-matched individuals. This could imply the discovery of a simple and non-invasive method related to the biological age that could guide the prevention and treatment of aging-related diseases.

scholarly journals Reliability of ultrasound imaging for the measurement of abdominal muscle thickness in typically developing children

2010 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Unger ◽  
J. Jelsma
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Abdominal Muscle ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Condi Tions ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Study Participants

Introduction: A bdominal muscles are key to both posture andgait in both children with typical development (TD) and with disabilities.Ultrasound (US) imaging is a potential non-invasive method for investigatingactivity in these muscles. This study therefore aimed to determine the inter-tester and intra-tester reliability of B-mode US for investigating transverseabdominus (TrA ), rectus abdominus (RA ) and external- (EO) and internaloblique (IO) muscle activity in children with TD. Design: A  prospective cor-relational descriptive study.  Participants:  Eighty six, 6-13year old children from one private and one public mainstream school. Outcome measures: Two sets of B-mode US images where captured per subject during rest and during head-up, resisted head-up and resisted sling activities. Intra-class Correlation Coefficients (ICC) and standard error of measurement (SEM) were used to analyse the data. Results: Good correlation was found for both test - retest condi-tions for all four muscles tested during rest: 0.91(TrA ); 0.90(IO); 0.91(EO); 0.94(RA ) for intra-tester reliability and0.74(TrA ); 0.88(IO); 0.74(EO); 0.83(RA ) for inter-tester reliability. Repeatability of thickness measures during activity however showed variation in recruitment patterns. A  significant correlation was found between age and BMI andresting abdominal muscle thickness (p<0.001). Conclusion: The study supports the reliability of US measurement of resting abdominal muscles and of the RA  under active conditions in children aged six to 13. However the stability o measurement of the other muscles under active conditions still needs to be established.

THE EFFECTS OF INTRA-ABDOMINAL PRESSURE ON THE STABILITY AND UNLOADING OF THE SPINE

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250014 ◽  
Author(s):  
HOSSEIN MOKHTARZADEH ◽  
FARZAM FARAHMAND ◽  
ABOULFAZL SHIRAZI-ADL ◽  
NAVID ARJMAND ◽  
FATEMEH MALEKIPOUR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Pelvic Ring ◽  
Valsalva Maneuver ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Muscles ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Relative Role ◽  
Cross Section Area

In spite of earlier experimental and modeling studies, the relative role of the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) in spine mechanics has remained controversial. This study employs simple analytical and finite element (FE) models of the spine and its surrounding structures to investigate the contribution of IAP to spinal loading and stability. The analytical model includes the abdominal cavity surrounded by muscles, lumbar spine, rib cage and pelvic ring. The intra-abdominal cavity and its surrounding muscles are represented by a thin deformable cylindrical membrane. Muscle activation levels are simulated by changing the Young's modulus of the membrane in the direction of muscle fibers, yielding IAP values recorded under the partial Valsalva maneuver. In the FE model, the abdominal cavity is cylindrical and filled with a nearly incompressible fluid. The surrounding muscles are modeled as membrane elements with transverse isotropic material properties simulating their fiber orientation. Results indicate a good qualitative agreement between the analytical and FE models. Larger external force and/or higher levels of muscle activation generate higher IAP thereby increasing spinal stiffness. These effects are more pronounced for activation of muscles with more horizontally directed fibers, e.g., transverse abdominis (TA). The capacity of the abdominal muscles to indirectly unload and stabilize the spine by generating IAP depends mostly on their fiber orientation, and secondarily on their cross-section area.

scholarly journals A Novel Method to Assess Antimicrobial Susceptibility in Commensal Oropharyngeal Neisseria—A Pilot Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Jolein Gyonne Elise Laumen ◽  
Saïd Abdellati ◽  
Christophe Van Dijck ◽  
Delphine Martiny ◽  
Irith De Baetselier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Neisseria Species ◽  
Oral Rinse ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Commensal Neisseria

Commensal Neisseria provide a reservoir of resistance genes that can be transferred to the pathogens Neisseria gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis in the human oropharynx. Surveillance programs are thus needed to monitor resistance in oropharyngeal commensal Neisseria, but currently the isolation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of these commensals is laborious, complex and expensive. In addition, the posterior oropharyngeal/tonsillar swab, which is commonly used to sample oropharyngeal Neisseria, is poorly tolerated by many individuals. We evaluated an alternative non-invasive method to isolate oropharyngeal commensal Neisseria and to detect decreased susceptibility to azithromycin using selective media (LBVT.SNR) with and without azithromycin (2 µg/mL). In this pilot study, we compared paired posterior oropharyngeal/tonsillar swabs and oral rinse-and-gargle samples from 10 participants and demonstrated that a similar Neisseria species diversity and number of colonies were isolated from both sample types. Moreover, the proportion of Neisseria colonies that had a decreased susceptibility to azithromycin was similar in the rinse samples compared to the swabs. This pilot study has produced encouraging data that a simple protocol of oral rinse-and-gargle and culture on plates selective for commensal Neisseria with and without a target antimicrobial can be used as a surveillance tool to monitor antimicrobial susceptibility in commensal oropharyngeal Neisseria. Larger studies are required to validate these findings.

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