Morphological changes of intervertebral disc in relation with curve severity of patients with Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis – a T2-weighted MRI study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
KH Yeung ◽  
GCW Man ◽  
ALH Hung ◽  
TP Lam ◽  
JCY Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Wedge Angle ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Distance Ratio ◽  
Volumetric Images ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Curve Severity ◽  
Mri Study

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the morphological changes of intervertebral discs (IVD) and vertebral bodies (VB) in AIS girls according to the subgroups with different curve severity by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study included 33 age-matched female controls and 76 AIS girls with a right-sided thoracic curvature. Wedge angle, height ratio and distance ratio of VB and IVD were measured on the best midline coronal and sagittal planes from reformatted MRI spine. Volumes of VB, IVD and nucleus pulposus (NP) were evaluated on volumetric images. One-way ANOVA with Bonferroni correction was used. There was significant difference in wedge angle and height ratio of VB and IVD between AIS and controls. In severe-AIS, the position of NP was significantly shifted to the convexity when compared with non-severe AIS and controls. Whereas, the volume of IVD and NP in severe-AIS was found to be significantly smaller. On top of coronal wedging of VB and IVD, there was significantly reduced volume of IVD and NP in severe-AIS patients, despite T2 signal of IVD was preserved. The current findings indicate that early mechanical effects on the discs and vertebrae in adolescent scoliotic spine is evident on quantitative imaging. Importantly, these patients may be vulnerable to disc degeneration if no operative treatment is prescribed.

scholarly journals Midsagittal Anatomy of Lumbar Lordosis in Adult Egyptians: MRI Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmonem A. Hegazy ◽  
Raafat A. Hegazy
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Lower Lumbar

Despite the increasing recognition of the functional and clinical importance of lumbar lordosis, little is known about its description, particularly in Egypt. At the same time, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been introduced as a noninvasive diagnostic technique. The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the lumbar lordosis using midsagittal MRIs. Normal lumbar spine MRIs obtained from 93 individuals (46 males, 47 females; 25–57 years old) were evaluated retrospectively. The lumbar spine curvature and its segments “vertebrae and discs” were described and measured. The lumbar lordosis angle (LLA) was larger in females than in males. Its mean values increased by age. The lumbar height (LH) was longer in males than in females. At the same time, the lumbar breadth (LB) was higher in females than in males. Lumbar index (LI = LB/LH × 100) showed significant gender differences (P<0.0001). Lordosis was formed by wedging of intervertebral discs and bodies of lower lumbar vertebrae. In conclusion, MRI might clearly reveal the anatomy of the lumbar lordosis. Use of LI in association with LLA could be useful in evaluation of lumbar lordosis.

Development of the Corpus Callosum: An MRI Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Vannucci ◽  
Todd F. Barron ◽  
Susan J. Vannucci
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
First Year ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Female Brain ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Developmental Phases ◽  
First Year Of Life

The size and shape of the corpus callosum and its major components (genu, body, and splenium) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in 118 normocephalic individuals aged from 1 postnatal week to 18.7 years. Genu, body, splenial, and total corpus callosal areas increased by 40-100% during the first year of life (p < 0.05). The genu expanded to a greater extent than the splenium during the first 6 years, while the splenium expanded to a greater extent between 7 and 18 years. The age-related difference in the maximal expansion of these structures indicated an anterior to posterior wave of corpus callosal enlargement during maturation, probably the consequence of differential axonal myelination. No sex differences existed during these two developmental phases for the genu, splenial, or total corpus callosal areas with or without scaling to the cerebral hemispheric volume. During infancy (0-24 months), however, the mean female splenial ratio (length/height) of 0.79 was greater than the male ratio of 0.65 (p = 0.024). The cerebral hemispheric length/height ratio was also greater in females, indicating that during infancy the female brain (and its component the corpus callosal splenium) is relatively longer than the male brain. This sex difference was confined to the splenium and disappeared with increasing age.

scholarly journals Actinomyces meyeriPopliteal Cyst Infection and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Bharath Raj Palraj ◽  
Ala S. Dababneh
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Left Knee ◽  
Joint Fluid ◽  
Popliteal Cyst ◽  
Degenerative Arthritis ◽  
Posterior Aspect ◽  
Medial Meniscectomy ◽  
Complex Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study

A 66-year-old, Caucasian male presented with pain and swelling involving the left knee of one-week duration. Arthrocentesis was negative for evidence of septic arthritis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study of the left knee showed degenerative arthritis, partial tear of medial meniscus, and a complex fluid collection along the posteromedial aspect of the left knee suggestive of popliteal cyst. He underwent arthroscopy with partial medial meniscectomy. Intraoperative joint fluid was noted to be cloudy but cultures were negative. Arthroscopic procedure provided him with temporary relief but the pain and swelling in the posterior aspect of the left knee recurred in 6 weeks. Repeat MRI showed complex fluid collection in the posterolateral aspect of left knee. Ultrasound guided aspiration of the fluid collection revealed purulent material and cultures grewActinomyces meyeri. He was treated with 6 weeks of intravenous penicillin regimen followed by 18 months of oral penicillin.

scholarly journals AB0722 LOSS OF GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS OF LUMBAR INTERVERTEBRAL DISCS IN PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1655.3-1656
Author(s):  
P. Sewerin ◽  
D. Abrar ◽  
M. Frenken ◽  
X. Baraliakos ◽  
M. Schneider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Chemical Exchange ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Intervertebral Discs ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Deutschland Gmbh ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Biochemical Imaging

Background:To evaluate the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content of lumbar intervertebral discs (IVD) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) using GAG chemical exchange saturation transfer (gagCEST).Objectives:Does local GAG content in non-degenerative IVDs measured by gagCEST MRI differs between AS patients and HC?Methods:195 lumbar IVD of 15 patients with AS (mean age 50 ±10 years) and 25 healthy control patients (HC) were prospectively examined with 3 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI protocol contained morphological T2 weighted (T2w) images to grade IVD according to the Pfirrmann classification and biochemical imaging with gagCEST to calculate a region of interest (ROI) of the nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosus (AF). Prior to statistical testing of gagCEST effects in patients and HC, IVD were classified according to Pfirrmann.Results:Significantly lower gagCEST values of NP and AF were found in non-degenerative IVD (Pfirrmann 1 and 2) of AS patients compared to HC (NP: 1.88 % ±1.21% vs. 3.38 % ±1.71%; p<0.01; confidence interval (CI): 0.89%/2.11%. AF: 1.11 % ± 1.07 % vs. 1.96 %± 1.23 %; p<0.01; CI 0.39%/1.3%).Conclusion:GagCEST analysis of morphologically non-degenerative IVDs in T2w images showed significantly lower GAG values in patients with AS in the NP and AF compared to HC. Our results potentially allow for the detection of GAG loss prior to morphological degeneration.Figure 1.Comparison of morphological T2 weighted (T2w) images to grade IVD according to the Pfirrmann classification and biochemical imaging with gagCEST between HC (A and C) and AS patients (B and D) showing significant lower GAG levels in AS patients.Disclosure of Interests:Philipp Sewerin Grant/research support from: AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGBristol-Myers Squibb Celgene GmbHLilly Deutschland GmbHNovartis Pharma GmbH Pfizer Deutschland GmbHRheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr, Consultant of: AMGEN GmbH AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Biogen GmbHBristol-Myers Squibb Celgene GmbH Chugai Pharma arketing Ltd. / Chugai Europe GmbHHexal Pharma Janssen-CilagGmbH Johnson & Johnson Deutschland GmbHLilly Deutschland GmbH / Lilly Europe / Lilly Global Novartis Pharma GmbH Pfizer Deutschland GmbH Roche Pharma Rheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr Sanofi-Genzyme Deutschland GmbH Swedish Orphan Biovitrum GmbH UCB Pharma GmbH, Speakers bureau: AMGEN GmbH AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Biogen GmbHBristol-Myers Squibb Celgene GmbH Chugai Pharma arketing Ltd. / Chugai Europe GmbHHexal Pharma Janssen-CilagGmbH Johnson & Johnson Deutschland GmbHLilly Deutschland GmbH / Lilly Europe / Lilly Global Novartis Pharma GmbH Pfizer Deutschland GmbH Roche Pharma Rheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr Sanofi-Genzyme Deutschland GmbH Swedish Orphan Biovitrum GmbH UCB Pharma GmbH, Daniel Abrar: None declared, Miriam Frenken: None declared, Xenofon Baraliakos Grant/research support from: Grant/research support from: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Consultant of: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Speakers bureau: AbbVie, BMS, Celgene, Chugai, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer, UCB and Werfen, Matthias Schneider Grant/research support from: GSK, UCB, Abbvie, Consultant of: Abbvie, Alexion, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, Lilly, Sanofi, UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Chugai, GSK, Lilly, Pfizer, Sanofi, Benedikt Ostendorf: None declared, Christoph Schleich: None declared

T1672 The Effects of Endogenous GLP-1 On Antro-Duodenal Contractility in the Fasted and Fed State: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-555
Author(s):  
Elad Kaufman ◽  
Mark Fox ◽  
Michael Wyss ◽  
Zsofia Forras-Kaufman ◽  
Reto Treier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Fed State ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study

scholarly journals Assessment of Albumin ECM Accumulation and Inflammation as Novel In Vivo Diagnostic Targets for Multi-Target MR Imaging

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 964
Author(s):  
Jana Möckel ◽  
Julia Brangsch ◽  
Carolin Reimann ◽  
Jan O. Kaufmann ◽  
Ingolf Sack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Plaque Burden ◽  
Signal Loss ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study

Atherosclerosis is a progressive inflammatory vascular disease characterized by endothelial dysfunction and plaque burden. Extracellular matrix (ECM)-associated plasma proteins play an important role in disease development. Our magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) study investigates the feasibility of using two different molecular MRI probes for the simultaneous assessment of ECM-associated intraplaque albumin deposits caused by endothelial damage and progressive inflammation in atherosclerosis. Male apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE-/-)-mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 2 or 4 months. Another ApoE-/--group was treated with pravastatin and received a HFD for 4 months. T1- and T2*-weighted MRI was performed before and after albumin-specific MRI probe (gadofosveset) administration and a macrophage-specific contrast agent (ferumoxytol). Thereafter, laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and histology were performed. With advancing atherosclerosis, albumin-based MRI signal enhancement and ferumoxytol-induced signal loss areas in T2*-weighted MRI increased. Significant correlations between contrast-to-noise-ratio (CNR) post-gadofosveset and albumin stain (R2 = 0.78, p < 0.05), and signal loss areas in T2*-weighted MRI with Perls’ Prussian blue stain (R2 = 0.83, p < 0.05) were observed. No interference of ferumoxytol with gadofosveset enhancement was detectable. Pravastatin led to decreased inflammation and intraplaque albumin. Multi-target MRI combining ferumoxytol and gadofosveset is a promising method to improve diagnosis and treatment monitoring in atherosclerosis.

scholarly journals Dorsal Wrist Pain in the Extended Wrist-Loading Position: An MRI Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 276-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin Nance ◽  
David Byun ◽  
Yoshimi Endo ◽  
Scott Wolfe ◽  
Steve Lee
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cyst ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Wrist Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Ganglion Cysts ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study ◽  
Dorsal Ganglion

Background The etiology of dorsal wrist pain associated with loading of the wrist in extension has not been clearly identified in the literature. Purpose Many exercise disciplines incorporate upper extremity weight-bearing exercises in an extended wrist posture, for example push-ups, plank position, and various yoga and Pilates poses. This study evaluates patients with dorsal wrist pain in the extended wrist-loading position and identifies anatomic abnormalities in the wrist using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods A retrospective chart review was performed comparing MRI of patients who complained of dorsal wrist pain while performing weight bearing in a wrist extension position with a control group of patients who complained of ulnar-sided wrist pain. The primary MRI outcome was dorsal wrist pathology, including occult dorsal ganglion cyst, scapholunate ligament tear or degeneration, and dorsal capsulitis. Results Dorsal wrist pathology was significantly more prevalent in patients with dorsal wrist pain (84%) than in the patient cohort with ulnar-sided wrist pain (12%). Occult dorsal ganglion cysts were the most common sources of pathology (76%). Conclusion MRI demonstrated an identifiable dorsal abnormality in 84% of patients with dorsal wrist pain associated with weight bearing on the extended wrist. Occult dorsal ganglion cysts are the most common cause of dorsal wrist pain, followed by partial scapholunate tears. When patients complain of dorsal wrist pain during specific extended loading wrist positions such as push-ups, yoga, or Pilates poses, an MRI may be warranted to help identify anatomic abnormalities that may help guide treatment choices. Level of Evidence Diagnostic, Level III.

Dynamics of the Tracheal Airway and Its Influences on Respiratory Airflows: An Exemplar Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 141 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bora Sul ◽  
Talissa Altes ◽  
Kai Ruppert ◽  
Kun Qing ◽  
Daniel S. Hariprasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dynamic Imaging ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Large Airways ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Respiration is a dynamic process accompanied by morphological changes in the airways. Although deformation of large airways is expected to exacerbate pulmonary disease symptoms by obstructing airflow during increased minute ventilation, its quantitative effects on airflow characteristics remain unclear. Here, we used in vivo dynamic imaging and examined the effects of tracheal deformation on airflow characteristics under different conditions based on imaging data from a single healthy volunteer. First, we measured tracheal deformation profiles of a healthy lung using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) during forced exhalation, which we simulated to characterize the subject-specific airflow patterns. Subsequently, for both inhalation and exhalation, we compared the airflows when the modeled deformation in tracheal cross-sectional area was 0% (rigid), 33% (mild), 50% (moderate), or 75% (severe). We quantified differences in airflow patterns between deformable and rigid airways by computing the correlation coefficients (R) and the root-mean-square of differences (Drms) between their velocity contours. For both inhalation and exhalation, airflow patterns were similar in all branches between the rigid and mild conditions (R > 0.9; Drms < 32%). However, airflow characteristics in the moderate and severe conditions differed markedly from those in the rigid and mild conditions in all lung branches, particularly for inhalation (moderate: R > 0.1, Drms < 76%; severe: R > 0.2, Drms < 96%). Our exemplar study supports the use of a rigid airway assumption to compute flows for mild deformation. For moderate or severe deformation, however, dynamic contraction should be considered, especially during inhalation, to accurately predict airflow and elucidate the underlying pulmonary pathology.

scholarly journals Hip pain and its correlation with cam morphology in young skiers—a minimum of 5 years follow-up

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josefin Abrahamson ◽  
Pall Jónasson ◽  
Mikael Sansone ◽  
Anna Swärd Aminoff ◽  
Carl Todd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Hip Pain ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Conflicting Evidence ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Α Angle ◽  
Cam Morphology ◽  
Elite Skiers

Abstract Background There is conflicting evidence regarding the association between cam morphological changes and hip pain, and it remains unclear who with cam morphology will develop hip pain and who will not. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between cam morphology, hip pain, and activity level at a 5-year follow-up in young Alpine and Mogul skiers. Method All students (n = 76) at Åre Ski National Sports High School were invited and accepted participation in this prospective study at baseline. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both hips was conducted to evaluate the presence of cam morphology (α-angle ≥ 55°) and its size alongside the reporting of hip pain, type, and frequency of training by the Back and hip questionnaire, at baseline. After 5 years, the skiers were invited to complete a shortened version of the same questionnaire. Results A total of 60 skiers (80%) completed the follow-up questionnaire, of which 53 had concomitant MRI data. Cam morphology was present in 25 skiers (47.2%, 39 hips). Hip pain at baseline and at follow-up was reported in 17 (28.3%) and 22 (36.7%) skiers, respectively. No correlations were found between the activity level, the frequency, and the size of cam morphology and hip pain, except for the right hip α-angle at 1 o’clock and hip pain in skiers with cam morphology at baseline (rs = 0.49; P = 0.03) and at follow-up (rs = 0.47; P = 0.04). A total of 73.3% skiers had retired, of which 48% reported this was due to injuries. Conclusion Hip pain was not shown to be correlated, or had a low correlation, with activity level and the presence and size of cam morphology in young skiers on a 5-year follow-up. Based on these results, cam morphology or activity level did not affect hip pain to develop during 5 years of follow-up in young skiers. Furthermore, this study highlights that almost 75% of young elite skiers had retired from their elite career with almost 50% reporting that this was due to injuries sustained from skiing.

Clinical and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predictors of Disability in Primary and Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

1996 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 218-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA Losseff ◽  
DPE Kingsley ◽  
WI McDonald ◽  
DH Miller ◽  
AJ Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Progressive Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Mri Study

The role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting disability in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unclear. In this study 21 patients with primary and secondary progressive MS were reviewed 5 years following a serial MRI study of 6 months duration. In the secondary progressive group (n=11) there was a significant relationship between the occurrence of enhancing lesions and clinical relapses during the initial 6 months and increase in diability 5 years later. For both groups change in disability over the initial study period was predictive of outcome. These results suggest that the presence and frequency of gadolinium enhancement (a marker of inflammation) and changes in disability over a short period are predictive of future deterioration in progressive patients.

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