scholarly journals Estimation of application efficiency of “Flumag M” magnesia flux in agglomeration and BF production.

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31
Author(s):  
V. I. Nosenko ◽  
A. N. Filatov ◽  
G. A. Nechkin ◽  
V. A. Kobelev
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Sinter Production ◽  
Application Efficiency ◽  
Iron Ore Sinter ◽  
Magnesia Content ◽  
Bof Slag ◽  
Bf Slag

To decrease viscosity of BF slag and improve its desulfurization ability during hot metal production a magnesia oxide is used, which is introduced into a blast furnace, as a rule, within iron ore sinter, as well as in the form of a fluxing additive. Dolomite, sometimes iron ore materials with increased magnesia content (for example, Kovdor concentrate, raw or roasted Bakal siderite) as well as magnesia-contained wastes, most often BOF slag, are usually used as a main source of magnesia oxide during iron ore sinter production. Brucite, which is widely used abroad, mainly in Japan during iron ore sinter production, is a very prospective magnesia flux. However, brucite was never used in sinter production in Russia. Main parameters and efficiency of its application were obtained under Japan raw materials conditions. However sinter chemical and mineral compositions at Russian and Japanese sinter plants considerably differ. In this connection studies on influence of the magnesia flux “Flumag M”, which is identical by its composition to brucite, on the process parameters of sinter burden sintering and pellets production were carried out. The estimation of application efficiency of “Flumag M” magnesia flux was made during typical sintering of NLMK sinter burden. It was determined, that partial and complete substitution of dolomite by the “Flumag M” magnesia flux in the NLMK sinter burden results in an increase of specific productivity of sintering process by 10–20% (comparative) and the sinter strength by 3–5% (comparative) correspondently. Laboratory experiments on “Flumag M” magnesia flux application, carried out in STI NITU “MISiS”, showed, that raw pellets with magnesia flux additives have higher compressive strength comparing with the pellets having dolomite additives. Impact strength and abrasion strength of roasted pellets is higher, comparing with those with dolomite. Optimal content of “Flumag M” flux in the pellets burden is 2%. The application of “Flumag M” magnesia flux enables to remove burden from the burden and increase strength of roasted pellets.

scholarly journals Iron-Ore Sintering Process Optimization / Optymalizacja Procesu Aglomeracji Rudy Żelaza

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 2895-2900 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fröhlichová ◽  
D. Ivanišin ◽  
A. Mašlejová ◽  
R. Findorák ◽  
J. Legemza
Keyword(s):  
Iron Content ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Iron Ore Sintering ◽  
Iron Ore Sinter ◽  
A Charge ◽  
Iron Ore Concentrate

The work deals with examination of the influence of the ratio between iron ore concentrate and iron ore on quality of produced iron ore sinter. One of the possibilities to increase iron content in sinter is the modification of raw materials ratio, when iron ore materials are added into sintering mixture. If the ratio is in favor of iron ore sinter, iron content in resulting sintering mixture will be lower. If the ratio is in favor of iron ore concentrate and recycled materials, which is more finegrained, a proportion of a fraction under 0.5 mm will increase, charge permeability property will be reduced, sintering band performance will decrease and an occurrence of solid particulate matter in product of sintering process will rise. The sintering mixture permeability can be optimized by increase of fuel content in charge or increase of sinter charge moisture. A change in ratio between concentrate and iron ore has been experimentally studied. An influence of sintering mixture grain size composition, a charge grains shape on quality and phase composition on quality of the produced iron sinter has been studied.

Quality Estimation for the Iron Ore Sinter Obtained via Separate Blend Preparation

2020 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Bochka ◽  
Artem Sova ◽  
Lina Kieush ◽  
Oleksandr Hryshyn ◽  
Alisa Dvoiehlazova
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Iron Ore Sintering ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Iron Ore Sinter ◽  
Iron Ore Sintering Process ◽  
Ore Sintering

This paper reveals that obtaining high-quality sinter, improved or stabilized by its size and strength, is a challenge to be solved by embracing both the formation of sinter with the strong structure and the optimal mineralogical composition of its bonds during the preparation of the sintering blend. The existing technological schemes of iron ore sintering do not allow producing the sinter where the amounts of fines with 0-0.5 mm of fraction would be less than the typical amounts of 8.1-20.4%. Therefore, the study to establish how the blend preparation with the preliminary made composites affects the parameters of iron ore sintering process and the quality of the resulting sinter has been carried out. It has determined that the use of separate pre-granulation has commonly positive effects on the process of blend preparation, namely it significantly decreases the amount of non-granulated fraction of 0-1 mm and increases the equivalent diameter of the granules, reduces the standard deviation and variation coefficient, indicating the more homogeneous granulometric composition of raw granules.

PLSR as a new XRD method for downstream processing of ores: – case study: Fe2+ determination in iron ore sinter

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
pp. S78-S83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uwe König ◽  
Thomas Degen ◽  
Nicholas Norberg
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Downstream Processing ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Wet Chemistry ◽  
Iron Ore Sinter

The use of high-speed detectors made X-ray diffraction (XRD) become an important tool for process control in mining and metal industries. Decreasing ore qualities and increasing prices for raw materials require a better control of processed ore and a more efficient use of energy. Traditionally quality control of iron ore sinter has relied on time-consuming wet chemistry. The mineralogical composition that defines the physical properties such as hardness or reducibility is not monitored. XRD analysis in combination with Rietveld quantification and statistical data evaluation using partial least-squares regression (PLSR) has been successfully established to determine the mineralogical composition and the Fe2+ content of iron ore sinter within an analysis time of less than 10 min per sample. A total of 35 iron ore sinter samples were measured and evaluated using PLSR and the Rietveld method. The results were compared with wet chemistry data. PLSR results show accuracy for the Fe2+ content of ±0.14%. No pure phases, crystal structures, or complex modeling of peak shapes are required. The Rietveld method was used to quantify the total phase composition of the samples. The Fe2+ content could be calculated from all phases present. Both methods take the full XRD pattern into account and can be simultaneously applied on the same measurement. PLSR was found to be the more robust method if only Fe2+ results are required. The Rietveld method helps predict other parameters such as the compressional strength of the sinter by monitoring all existing phases (e.g., larnite, C2S, or silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum phases).

Operational and environmental assessment on the use of charcoal in iron ore sinter production

2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 387-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Correa Abreu ◽  
João Andrade de Carvalho ◽  
Bernardo Enne Correa da Silva ◽  
Rinaldo Henrique Pedrini
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Assessment ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Sinter Production ◽  
Iron Ore Sinter

scholarly journals Optimization of the Process of Unloading of Iron Ore Raw Materials: The Case of a Steel Plant

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-162
Author(s):  
A. T. Popov ◽  
O. A. Suslova ◽  
E. A. Voronkova
Keyword(s):  
Metallurgical Plant ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Stable Operation ◽  
Sinter Production ◽  
Metallurgical Production ◽  
Agglomeration Process ◽  
Initial Iron ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Main Production

The process of unloading iron ore raw materials of the metallurgical plant to the sinter plant has not been considered for a long time as a particular topic. Over the last years the conditions of metallurgical production have undergone certain changes: its intensification has occurred, which entails the need to re-evaluate parameters of stable operation of sinter production. The objective of the suggested study is to consider the issues of possible technical and technological improvement harmonizing transport flows with the requirements of the main production process. To achieve this goal, a technique of mathematical modelling is used, based on the mathematical apparatus of linear programming; graphic-analytical method; method of probability theory.The issues of the process of unloading, storage of iron ore raw materials, of their preparation for sinter production are primarily considered.The article presents the main positions of the process of optimizing unloading of sinter batch of a metallurgical plant.The general characteristics of the technology of metallurgical production and of each particular process are described. The agglomeration process is considered in more detail. The tables of initial iron ore raw materials for sintering production for certain reporting periods are given, for the sake of clarity, the data of one of the tables are summarized in a diagram. A diagram of a standard trestle-type ore warehouse is considered, which sequentially shows the main processes of sintering production from supply of raw materials to the car dumper to getting through a belt conveyor into a stack, and then into receiving bins. The article also provides an example of formation of piles of iron ore raw materials using manganese limestone.The study is based on a dynamic transport problem with delays (DTPD), which considers time of transportation of goods, the dynamics of production volumes over time, the dynamics of consumption, the dynamics of stocks of suppliers and consumers, dynamics of cost of transportation and storage, dynamics of cost of consumption losses. The study contains several mono-problems with a mono load, which overlap each other, forming a multiplicative overlay of single-product problems.

scholarly journals Technological parameters determining the sintering process intensity

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
S. G. Savel’ev ◽  
M. N. Kondratenko
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sinter Machine ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Systematic Classification ◽  
Four Levels

The sintering intensity is an important factor determining techno-economic efficiency of sinter production which provides the blast-furnace process with the main type of agglomerated iron ore raw materials. The charge sintering rate depends on technological parameters of the sintering process. Therefore, a systematic study of sintering technological parameters, which determine its intensity, is of practical and scientific interest. Indicators of the sintering process intensity are considered that assess it from both the mechanical and heat engineering positions. It is shown that in its purest form the sintering process intensity is characterized by the vertical agglomeration rate and combustion intensity of the sintering charge carbon. Two other indexes − the specific productivity for suitable sinter and intensity of heat output in the combustion zone – are less representative for the comparative estimation of sintering intensity, since their values depend on sintered mass strength and thermal effect of carbon combustion respectively. These factors go beyond the essence of the sintering intensity concept. Since content of fines of 5 – 0 mm at different sinter plants is not equal, representative performance comparison of sintering process is possible only taking into account the total amount of fines generated throughout the agglomerate transport path from sinter machine to blast furnace or the results of testing the agglomerate strength in a drum. A comprehensive systematic classification of techniques has been developed to intensify the sintering process based on the material-component principle using four levels of separation – objects, directions, paths and methods in which each subsequent level concretizes and develops the previous one. Its value is universality, which makes it possible to apply a systematization and separation system for almost all already known and future methods of sintering process intensification.

scholarly journals Optimization of agglomeration burdens by metallugical properties complex. Report 1. Optimization of agglomeration burdens by technological characteristics of sinter production

2018 ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. D’yakov ◽  
A. A. Odintsov ◽  
V. A. Kobelev ◽  
G. A. Nechkin
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Specific Productivity ◽  
Metallurgical Properties ◽  
Agglomeration Process ◽  
Component Content ◽  
Ore Burden ◽  
Production Areas

Despite a lot of studies of iron ore raw materials was carried out both in sinter and BF production areas, the matter of agglomeration burdens optimization is still actual. Laboratory studies on sintering of agglomeration burdens of different component content were carried out for optimization of iron ore burden content optimization, following by determination of technology characteristics and metallurgical properties complex.As a result of the studies an optimal component and size content of the agglomeration burden determined to provide improving of metallurgical properties complex of agglomeration burden. The studies carried out showed, that lime introducing into the concentrate flow before the burden department can lead to sintering machines productivity increasing.The burden wetness range determined, enabling for complete lime hydrating. It was shown, that a partial replacement of agglomeration ores in the burden by BOF nickel slag contributes to agglomeration process specific productivity increasing as well as sinter strength increasing.

scholarly journals A Short Review of the Effect of Iron Ore Selection on Mineral Phases of Iron Ore Sinter

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Junwoo Park ◽  
Eunju Kim ◽  
In-kook Suh ◽  
Joonho Lee
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Liquid Phase Sintering ◽  
Iron Ores ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Iron Ore Sintering ◽  
Agglomeration Process ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Iron Ore Sinter ◽  
Coal Particles

The sintering process is a thermal agglomeration process, and it is accompanied by chemical reactions. In this process, a mixture of iron ore fines, flux, and coal particles is heated to about 1300 °C–1480 °C in a sinter bed. The strength and reducibility properties of iron ore sinter are obtained by liquid phase sintering. The silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) is the main bonding phase found in modern iron ore sinters. Since the physicochemical and crystallographic properties of the SFCA are affected by the chemical composition and mineral phases of iron ores, a crystallographic understanding of iron ores and sintered ore is important to enhance the quality of iron ore sinter. Scrap and by-products from steel mills are expected to be used in the iron ore sintering process as recyclable resources, and in such a case, the crystallographic properties of iron ore sinter will be affected using these materials. The objective of this paper is to present a short review on research related to mineral phases and structural properties of iron ore and sintered ore.

scholarly journals Granulation of coke breeze fine for using in the sintering process

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.M. Mohamed ◽  
N.A. El-Hussiny ◽  
M.E.H. Shalabi
Keyword(s):  
Blast Furnace ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Sinter Machine ◽  
Coke Breeze ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Reduction Time ◽  
Iron Ore Sinter ◽  
Different Shapes ◽  
Coke Fines ◽  
Furnace Reduction

Coke breeze is the main fuel used in the sintering process. The value of -3+1 mm. represents the most favorable particle size for coke breeze in the sintering process. About 20% of total coke fines (-0.5 mm) are produced during different steps of preparation. Introducing these fines during the sintering process proves to be very harmful for different operating parameters. Thus ,this study aims at investigating the production of granules resulting from these fines using molasses as organic binder and its application in sintering of an iron ore. The results showed that the granules having the highest mechanical properties were obtained with 14.5 wt % molasses addition. The sintering experiments were performed by using coke breeze in different shapes (-3+1 mm in size, coke breeze without sieving and coke breeze granules -3+1 mm). The reduction experiments, microscopic structure and X-ray analysis for the produced sinter were carried out. The results revealed that, all sinter properties (such as shatter test, productivity of sinter machine and blast furnace, reduction time and chemical composition) for produced sinter by using coke breeze with size -3+1 mm and coke breeze granules were almost the same. The iron ore sinter which was produced by using coke breeze without sieving yielded low productivity for both sinter machine and blast furnace. Furthermore, using coke breeze without sieving in sintering of an iron ore decreases the vertical velocity of sinter machine and increases the reduction time.

scholarly journals An experience of high-fluxed sinter production at Enakievo steel-works sintering plant

2018 ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
I. M. Mishchenko ◽  
Ya. Yu. Aslamova ◽  
A. M. Kuznetsov ◽  
N. N. Korobkin ◽  
A. V. Zubenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Sinter Production ◽  
High Basicity ◽  
Metallurgical Wastes ◽  
Analytical Estimation ◽  
Complicated Conditions ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Industrial experience of high-basicity sinter production in different raw materials conditions, in particular, at sintering of fine concentrates and hardly utilized wastes is a matter of an interest for sinter production specialists. At Enakievo sinter plant in 2014–2018 under very complicated conditions of non-regular supplies of iron ore raw materials, forced utilization of a big amount of metallurgical wastes, non-satisfactory equipment technical state, a production of solid enough high-basicity sinter was provided. High-basicity sinter indices and sintering parameters for the period mentioned quoted. An analytical estimation of main stages of sinter production state and some kinds of technological equipment made. Peculiarities of the technology and production parameters of high-fluxed sinter at utilization of different iron ore concentrates, wastes and special additives to sinter burden considered. Scientific and practical recommendations for technology improving and modernization of technological equipment, used for the sinter burden preparation, elaborated. Based on these studies and authors practical experience, methods of sintering non-uniformity along the sintering machine width overcoming proposed: rational burden layer forming in the charging hopper and burden layer profile along the pallets width; compaction of the burden layer in peripheral pallets zones. Measures proposed for modernization of the drum-pelletizer and of the charging hopper. Description of the facility for rational burden preparation for sintering quoted.

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