scholarly journals TRADITIONAL DWELLING OF M`ZAB VALLEY IN ALHERIA: THE POINT OF ADAPTATION TO THE ENVIREMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
Nourel Houda Rezig
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Simple Design ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Sustainability Strategies ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Passive Techniques

The article deals with the traditional dwellings in the UNESCO World Heritage ancient settlements (ksour) of M’zab Valley in Algerian desert. The Mozabite habitats are reflection of cultural and social values embodied in the architecture, with simple design in their forms deep in their indications, they are organized with a set of principles and rules known as customs that were inspired by religion and adapted to the environment. This latter helped to preserve Mozabite dwellings for more than a millennium. In this article the attention has been drawn to the dwelling’s design and distribution of its spaces according the activities and lifestyle of Mozabite community considering the arid environment needs. Sustainability strategies have significant presence in different levels of the dwelling appearing from the usage of passive techniques which depend on the principles of conservation energy and water, exploiting renewable resources and usage of local materials. These techniques are what make dwellings integrate completely within arid climate.

scholarly journals The Role of Culture, Values and Trauma in Shaping Abnormal Bodily Experience in Migrants

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Massimiliano Aragona
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Bodily Experiences ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Somatization Disorders ◽  
The Way

AbstractThe way somatization is expressed—including the actual somatoform symptoms experienced—varies in different persons and in different cultures. Traumatic experiences are intertwined with cultural and social values in shaping the resulting psychopathological phenomena, including bodily experiences. Four ideal-typical cases are presented to show the different levels involved. The effects of trauma, culture and values may be pathofacilitating (creating a social context which is necessary for the experience to take place), pathogenetic (taking a causal role in the onset of the psychopathological reaction), pathoplastic (shaping the form such a psychopathological reaction takes) or pathointerpretive (different interpretation of the same symptoms depending on the patient’s beliefs). While the roles of trauma and culture were already well recognized in previous accounts, this chapter adds an exploration of the importance of values, including cultural values, in the aetiology, presentation and management of somatization disorders. As a consequence, the therapeutic approach has to be adjusted depending on the way these factors intervene in the patient’s construction of mental distress.

scholarly journals Effect of wall orientation of the sand concrete lightened by wood shavings on the time lag and the decrement factor

2020 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 01013
Author(s):  
Belkacem Belhadj ◽  
Adeline Goullieux ◽  
Madani Bederina ◽  
Michèle Quéneudec
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Thermophysical Properties ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Orientation Effect ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
The North ◽  
Wood Shavings ◽  
Local Materials

The development of new lightweight concrete based on the valorization of local materials and waste in construction is an environmental and sustainable approach. In this context, the studied composite is a sand concrete (dune and alluvial) lightened by wood shavings to improve its thermophysical properties. The objective is to investigate the orientation effect of an outside wall made with this material in an arid environment on the thermophysical properties of the wall, namely the time lag (Φ) and the decrement factor (f). The experimental study has been dedicated, first of all, to determine the optimal composition of sand concrete lightened by wood shavings, which the content is 60 kg/m3. This composition is a compromise between studied compactness and workability. Then, to study the thermal properties of the sand concrete without wood shavings (SC-W-WS) and sand concrete lightened by wood shavings (SC-WS). Finally, a numerical simulation using the EnergyPlus software was made to study the wall orientation effect designed in the Laghouat city (south of Algeria). The results obtained show that the substitution of sand by wood shavings has improved thermal properties of the wood sand concrete namely: the thermal conductivity, the specific heat and the thermal diffusivity. The simulation results are very interesting, because all orientations are right for the sand concrete lightened by wood shavings (SC-WS). Nevertheless, the north and the west orientations are wrong in the case of the sand concrete (SC-W-WS). However, the east orientation has the longest time lag, which is consistent with the literature. The advantage of these results is in favour of concrete having improved thermophysical properties.

scholarly journals SMEs Sustainability in Times of Crisis

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otilia-Maria Bordeianu ◽  
◽  
Claudia-Elena Grigoras-Ichim ◽  
Lucia Morosan-Danila ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
East Region ◽  
Sustainability Strategies ◽  
Local Companies ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Different Levels

The global crisis generated by the COVID-19 pandemic among the population and at the level of companies, state institutions, etc., underlined the importance of analysing its impact at different levels (intern, national and international level). The concepts of sustainability, development and growth must be aware, adapted and implemented more and more frequently, even constantly, in order to cope with the current evolution of the economy (and not only). The paper is an empirical research conducted in the North-East Region of Romania, aiming to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on local companies (especially SME’s), in the context of existing correlation between the COVID-19 impact on resizing, restricting, changing the number of active employees, changing revenue, changing turnover and changing profit, based on the Spearman correlation coefficients. In this sense, it was important to implement sustainability strategies and ensure the activity and resources of companies in the long term, because the effects of an economic crisis (natural resources, human resources, not only financial) are felt in 2021 and will be felt in the future 10 years. The paper concludes with two practical solutions to ensure the sustainability of the companies involved in the study, solutions that can be applied by all companies that have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Towards Flexibility Trading at TSO-DSO-Customer Levels: A Review

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosna Khajeh ◽  
Hannu Laaksonen ◽  
Amin Shokri Gazafroudi ◽  
Miadreza Shafie-khah
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Flexible Resources ◽  
Stability Issues ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Transmission Level

The serious problem of climate change has led the energy sector to modify its generation resources from fuel-based power plants to environmentally friendly renewable resources. However, these green resources are highly intermittent due to weather dependency and they produce increased risks of stability issues in power systems. The deployment of different flexible resources can help the system to become more resilient and secure against uncertainties caused by renewables. Flexible resources can be located at different levels in power systems like, for example, at the transmission-level (TSO), distribution-level (DSO) and customer-level. Each of these levels may have different structures of flexibility trading as well. This paper conducts a comprehensive review from the recent research related to flexible resources at various system levels in smart grids and assesses the trading structures of these resources. Finally, it analyzes the application of a newly emerged ICT technology, blockchain, in the context of flexibility trading.

Sustainability design strategies for cable-stayed bridges

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Sobrino
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Design Strategies ◽  
Long Span Bridges ◽  
Long Span ◽  
Sustainability Strategies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relevant Role ◽  
Magdalena River ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Cable Stayed Bridges

<p>Sustainability design considerations play a relevant role in long span bridges. In addition to the social and economic benefits to communities, a good design must be respectfully integrated into the environment and implement other sustainability strategies: prioritizing the use of local materials and labour, and design for durability to extend its lifetime. Minimization of the amount of materials, even with solutions that require more labour, is also an unrecognized strategy to reduce the carbon print.</p><p>The paper presents the sustainability strategies utilized in the design of two cable-stayed bridges recently completed in Colombia: The Hisgaura Bridge and the Magdalena River crossing at Honda. The design of both bridges has been driven by a combination of various factors, all aligned with sustainability practices, such as minimum impact on the natural environment, use of light-weight structures to minimize consumption of materials, use of local materials and labor, along with constructability and cost considerations.</p><p>The Hisgaura bridge is a concrete cable-stayed structure with a main span of 330 m and 148 m tall pylons that is one of the tallest bridges in Latin-America. The Honda bridge is a similar structure with a main span of 247 m over the longest river in Colombia.</p>

scholarly journals Distributional patterns of herbivore megamammals during the Late Pleistocene of South America

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
VALERIA GALLO ◽  
LEONARDO S. AVILLA ◽  
RODRIGO C.L. PEREIRA ◽  
BRUNO A. ABSOLON
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Arid Environment ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
South American ◽  
Biogeographic Provinces ◽  
Distributional Patterns ◽  
Track Analysis

The geographic distribution of 27 species of the South American megafauna of herbivore mammals during the Late Pleistocene was analyzed in order to identify their distributional patterns. The distribution of the species was studied using the panbiogeographical method of track analysis. Six generalized tracks (GTs) and two biogeographic nodes were obtained. The GTs did not completely superpose with the areas of open savanna present in Pleistocene, nor with the biotic tracks of some arthropods typical of arid climate, indicating that these animals avoided arid environment. Overall, the GTs coincided with some biogeographic provinces defined on the basis of living taxa, indicating that certain current distributional patterns already existed in Pleistocene. The biogeographic nodes coincided with the borders between the main vegetal formations of the Pleistocene, showing that the type of vegetation had great influence in the distribution of the mammalian megafauna. The node 1 confirmed the existence of contact zones between paleobiogeographic regions near Argentina-Uruguay border. The node 2 connects the Brazilian Intertropical regions.

Beyond the tragedy of the Commons

2009 ◽  
pp. 35-60
Author(s):  
Xavier Basurto ◽  
Elinor Ostrom
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Tragedy Of The Commons ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Patterned Structures ◽  
The Commons ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Jel Classifications

- To move beyond Hardin's tragedy of the commons, it is fundamental to avoid falling into either of two analytical and policy traps: deriving and recommending "panaceas" or asserting "my case is unique". We can move beyond both traps by self-consciously building diagnostic theory to help unpack and understand the complex interrelationship between social and biophysical factors at different levels of analysis. We need to look for commonalities and differences across studies. This understanding will be augmented if the rich detail produced from case studies is used together with theory to find patterned structures among cases. In this paper, we briefly illustrate important steps of how we can go about diagnosing the emergence and sustainability of self-organization in the fishing context of the Gulf of California, Mexico. By doing so, we are able to move away from the universality proposed by Hardin and understand how two out of three fisheries were able to successfully self-organize, and why one of them continues to be robust over time.Keywords: sustainable development; renewable resources fisheries; renewable resources commonsJEL classifications: QO1; Q20; D70Parole chiave: sviluppo sostenibile; risorse rinnovabili; zone di pesca; proprietŕ comuni

scholarly journals Design of Sustainable Renewable-Based Utility Plants in the Face of Uncertainty

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvador I. Pérez-Uresti ◽  
Mariano Martín ◽  
Arturo Jiménez-Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Resources ◽  
Uncertain Parameter ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Model Formulation ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Design Flexibility ◽  
Investment Cost ◽  
The Face ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Monthly Probability

This work presents the formulation of a two-stage stochastic mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model to include uncertainty in the design of renewable-based utility plants. The model is based on a superstructure that integrates technologies to process biomass, waste, solar radiation, and wind and considers uncertainty in availability of the renewable resources and on the utility demands. The uncertain parameter space is calculated based on a monthly probability density function for each uncertain parameter and discretized into different levels. It is shown that as uncertainty is considered in the model formulation, design flexibility improves with respect to the deterministic-based designs, although the flexibility is achieved at the expense of higher underused facilities and therefore unused investment cost.

Tangibility-Intangibility on UNESCO World Heritage Baroque Philippine Churches: the Spirit of Place and Its Collective Memory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Sook Lee-Niinioja
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
World Heritage ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The West ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Spirit Of Place ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Local Materials

The churches (Manila, Santa Maria, Paoay, Miagao) built in the Spanish period of the Philippines (16-18C) exemplify the reinterpretations of the European Baroque style by Chinese and Philippine artisans. Symbolising the fusion of the West with local materials and motifs, they have formed an innovative building tradition. Characteristics of these churches are monumental and massive to protect against intruders or natural harm. The iconographic-decorative Miagao facade underlines the regional understanding of Christianity and Saint Patron among contemporary Catholics. This paper discusses the tangibility-intangibility of Baroque Philippine churches through the spirit of place and collective memories among churchgoers-inhabitants-visitors, reinterpreting sacred buildings.

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