scholarly journals Investigation of heat loss of nodal connections of structures of energy -efficient "green" buildings

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-81
Author(s):  
Mark Berdnykov ◽  
Svetlana Shekhorkina ◽  
Marina Bordun
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Traditional Construction ◽  
The Impact

The construction industry is the main consumer of natural resources, characterized by significant consumption of non-renewable resources and the impact on environmental pollution. Up to 50% of carbon dioxide emissions are accounted for by the construction industry. In addition, the main feature of the traditional construction industry is the overuse of energy, which affects the process of global warming and climate change. Energy is consumed in the extraction of raw materials, production and transportation of materials, in the process of construction, operation, repair and liquidation of buildings. Awareness of global environmental problems has led to a rethinking of the process of design, construction, operation and disposal of buildings in the European Union, the United States, Canada and others and the emergence of the concept of sustainable development and "green" construction. In this aspect, the main criteria for designing buildings are to minimize the impact on the environment, as well as reduce energy costs, reduce waste and harmful emissions. The solution of the above problems, taking into account national specifics, can be achieved by developing typical resource- and energy-efficient, cost-effective design solutions for load-bearing and enclosing elements and their joints using environmentally friendly materials of local origin (wood and materials based on it, clay materials, straw, reeds, etc.

scholarly journals Rectified ethanol production cost analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikola Budimir ◽  
Marko Jaric ◽  
Branislav Jacimovic ◽  
Srbislav Genic ◽  
Nikola Jacimovic
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Influential Factors ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Total Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Total Investment ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

This paper deals with the impact of the most important factors of the total production costs in bioethanol production. The most influential factors are: total investment costs, price of raw materials (price of biomass, enzymes, yeast), and energy costs. Taking into account these factors, a procedure for estimation total production costs was establish. In order to gain insight into the relationship of production and selling price of bioethanol, price of bioethanol for some countries of the European Union and the United States are given.

The impact of timber legality regulations on business practices in Vietnam

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 (05) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Roe ◽  
Ivan Eastin ◽  
Indroneil Ganguly
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Lacey Act ◽  
Chain Of Custody ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The U.S

Reports that nearly half of Vietnam's roundwood imports come from illegal sources has drawn criticism from major consumer countries who have recently implemented timber legality regulations. These regulations, which include the U.S. Lacey Act and EU Timber Regulation, restrict the import of illegally harvested wood and are expected to have a direct impact on major wood-processing countries such as Vietnam and China. Surveys were conducted at trade shows in Ho Chi Minh City to assess how these regulations influence firms’ use of chain-of-custody certification, and impact their material sourcing and export market decisions. Vietnamese firms which sell to the United States and the European Union had higher awareness of timber legality regulations and were more likely to take steps to eliminate illegal products from their supply chain by sourcing raw materials from the U.S. and Canada or by increasing their use of certified wood. However, smaller firms were generally unaware of timber legality regulations and were much less likely to use certified products. Our findings suggest that the Vietnamese market has become segmented, with smaller firms using materials which are at a higher risk of containing illegal wood, and exporting to less regulated markets, such as China.

scholarly journals Sustainability of micro-enterprises in the digital economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 06008
Author(s):  
Oksana Mukhoryanova ◽  
Larisa Kuleshova ◽  
Nina Rusakova ◽  
Olga Mirgorodskaya
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Traditional Industry ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Micro Enterprises

This paper aims at investigating the predisposition leading to the sustainability of micro-enterprises in the digital economy, especially the sharing economy. This area represents a new field since the research of the impact of the sharing economy on small enterprises is still in its infancy. We study the role of the entrepreneurial approach and entrepreneurial philosophy of the small business with regard to the digitalization and the sustainable development and growth using examples from the European Union and the United States. Some common features and trends are derived and the outcomes are discussed. Our results point at the fact that by creating an economy for micro-entrepreneurs, the sharing economy thrives on traditional industry disrupted by technology. Since micro-enterprises constitute a backbone of the economy in many developed and developing countries, more research is required to shed the light of the sustainable development of these types of enterprises in the globalized and digitalized world.

scholarly journals UNWTO World Tourism Barometer and Statistical Annex, October 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
International Travel ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Tourist ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Slow Virus ◽  
Travel Restrictions ◽  
Main Barrier ◽  
The Impact

International travel plunges 70% in the first eight months of 2020 International tourist arrivals (overnight visitors) declined 70% in the first eight months of 2020 over the same period of last year, amid global travel restrictions including many borders fully closed, to contain the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. International arrivals plunged 81% in July and 79% in August, traditionally the two busiest months of the year and the peak of the Northern Hemisphere summer season. Despite such large declines, this represents a relative improvement over the 90% or greater decreases of the previous months, as some destinations started to reopen to international tourism, mostly in the European Union. The decline in January-August 2020 represents 700 million fewer international tourist arrivals compared to the same period in 2019, and translates into a loss of US$ 730 billion in export revenues from international tourism, more than 8 times the loss in 2009 under the impact of the global economic crisis. Asia and the Pacific, the first region to suffer the impact of the pandemic, saw a 79% decrease in arrivals in January-August 2020. Africa and the Middle East both recorded a 69% drop this eight-month period, while Europe saw a 68% decline and the Americas 65%. Data on international tourism expenditure continues to reflect very weak demand for outbound travel, though in several large markets such as the United States, Germany and Italy there is a small uptick in spending in the months of July and August. Based on latest trends, a 75% decrease in international arrivals is estimated for the month of September and a drop of close to 70% for the whole of 2020. While demand for international travel remains subdued, domestic tourism is strengthening recovery in several large markets such as China and Russia. The UNWTO Confidence Index continues at record lows. Most UNWTO Panel Experts expect a rebound in international tourism by the third quarter of 2021 and a return to pre-pandemic 2019 levels not before 2023. Experts consider travel restrictions as the main barrier weighing on the recovery of international tourism, along with slow virus containment and low consumer confidence.

scholarly journals Path to European quantum unicorns

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markku Räsänen ◽  
Henrikki Mäkynen ◽  
Mikko Möttönen ◽  
Jan Goetz
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computing ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Status ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Quantum Technology ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Future Growth ◽  
The Eu

AbstractQuantum computing holds the potential to deliver great economic prosperity to the European Union (EU). However, the creation of successful business in the field is challenging owing to the required extensive investments into postdoctoral-level workforce and sophisticated infrastructure without an existing market that can financially support these operations.This commentary paper reviews the recent efforts taken in the EU to foster the quantum-computing ecosystem together with its current status. Importantly, we propose concrete actions for the EU to take to enable future growth of this field towards the desired goals. In particular, we suggest ways to enable the creation of EU-based quantum-computing unicorns which may act as key crystallization points of quantum technology and its commercialization. These unicorns may provide stability to the otherwise scattered ecosystem, thus pushing forward global policies enabling the global spread of EU innovations and technologies.The unicorns may act as a conduit, through which the EU-based quantum ecosystem can stand out from similar ecosystems based in Asia and the United States. Such strong companies are required because of the level of investment currently required in the marketplace. This paper suggests methodologies and best practices that can enhance the probability of the creation of the unicorns.Furthermore, we explore future scenarios, in which the unicorns can operate from the EU and to support the EU quantum ecosystem. This exploration is conducted focusing on the steps to be taken and on the impact the companies may have in our opinion.

scholarly journals Criminal Liability of Medical Profecionals Negligience: Comparative Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (Especial II) ◽  
pp. 251-263
Author(s):  
Kateryna Danchenko ◽  
Olga Taran
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Judicial Decision ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Medical Office ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this article is to study the criminal liability of medical professionals in cases of suspension, in accordance with jurisprudence in Ukraine, the European Union and the United States of America (USA). He made the comparative method. According to the investigation, the number of criminal proceedings in Ukraine by the authority and misconduct of medical doctors is about 2% per population, my figure that rises to 30% in Europe and is the stable yes in the US and is 28%. 32%. The main objective of the article is often area identify specializations in the medical office occurs with the mayor based on Ukrainian jurisprudence (data from Ukraine’s only state judicial decision register from 2016 to 2019). In addition, the study analyses the impact of the main influences on the ability of medical professionals for their professional functions. From counting the results show that surgeons, gynecologists, paramedics, and anesthesiologists are the most prone to deviation and medical error. Key proposed criteria have been proposed as medical errors differ from medical writing.

scholarly journals Pollution Prevention/Environmental Sustainability for Industry

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Bruce Dvorak
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The United States ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
Production Operation ◽  
Prevention Act

It has been 30 years since, in the United States, the Pollution Prevention Act of 1990 focused attention on reducing pollution through cost-effective changes in production, operation, and raw materials use [...]

Technology, Inventing, and Patenting

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic World ◽  
Karl Marx ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Early 19Th Century ◽  
Atlantic Seaboard ◽  
The Impact

The classic narrative of technology, invention, and patenting in the Atlantic world before 1850 focused on the industrialization of the Atlantic seaboard in Britain and the United States, with the adoption of mechanized cotton and wool textile production based on water power and then steam power, and on the development of related heavy industries. Other parts of the region appeared mainly as suppliers of raw materials, such as cotton from the American South, or as markets for the products of mechanized manufacture. While still a powerful narrative, most recent scholarship has reassessed or nuanced key elements, moving away from the traditional story of “heroic” inventors and toward more complex stories of supply and demand, including the capacity of economies and societies in the Atlantic world to supply the technical, commercial, and financial skills needed for invention and innovation, and the changing patterns of consumption and retail that created demand. Attention has also focused on innovation in other sectors, including armament production, transportation and public utilities, and the impact that innovation had upon the lives of those involved in it. Equally important has been a wider regional focus that now includes the southern territories of the Americas as important sites for innovation. Both Adam Smith and Karl Marx dismissed these areas of plantation agriculture as inefficient and irrelevant, a dead end compared to the centers of commerce and industry. Recent work has revised this by demonstrating the quasi-industrial processes required to process sugar, cotton, tobacco, indigo, and other tropical commodities; the scope for technological improvement; and the vast profits that enabled planters to invest in this technology. Leading plantation colonies such as Jamaica in the 18th century and Cuba in the early 19th century were among the first adopters of the steam engine outside Europe, where it had an equally transformative social and economic impact.

Duterte’s Foreign Policy Pivot and Its Impact on Philippine Trade and Investments: An International Political Economy Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 127-160
Author(s):  
Jenny D. Balboa
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Trade And Investment

Abstract Since the Philippines elected President Rodrigo Duterte in 2016, the country’s foreign policy seems to have become more uncertain. President Duterte’s mercurial personality and antagonistic tirades against the country’s traditional Western allies, including the United States (US) and the European Union (EU), and his statements of building closer ties with China and Russia, had changed the political and diplomatic tone of the Philippines overall. Certainly, the political relationship between the Philippines and the West has been changed by Duterte’s strong remarks against the US and EU. Has this change spilled over to the economy? The paper presents an international political economy framework in examining the impact of Duterte’s foreign policy pivot to the country’s foreign economic relations, focusing on trade and investment. The paper argues that Duterte’s foreign policy shift is mainly shaped by Duterte’s “politics of survival”. Not firmly anchored in any idea, norms, or interest that can clearly benefit the country, Duterte is unable to provide coherent guidance and leadership on the foreign policy pivot, particularly on the economy. Duterte’s lack of guidance provided the technocrats with the policy space to continue the policies from the previous administration and not to divert radically from previous economic policies. The stability of the economic institutions provided a refuge in the period of uncertainty. As a result, the foreign economic relations of the Philippines has not radically shifted. The trade and investment situation of the Philippines remained stable, and economic relations with traditional partners are maintained.

Cloudy days ahead: Cross-border evidence collection and its impact on the rights of EU citizens

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-250
Author(s):  
Lawrence Siry
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Cloud Storage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Evidence Collection ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, the development of cloud storage and the ease of cross-border communication have rendered the area of evidence collection particularly difficult for law enforcement agencies (LEAs), courts and academics. Evidence related to a criminal act in one jurisdiction might be stored in a different jurisdiction. Often it is not even clear in which jurisdiction the relevant data are, and at times the data may be spread over multiple jurisdictions. The traditional rules related to cross-border evidence collection, the mutual legal assistance treaty (MLAT) regimes, have proved to be out-dated, cumbersome and inefficient, as they were suited for a time when the seeking of cross-border evidence was more infrequent. In order to tackle this problem, the United States has enacted the Clarifying Lawful Overseas Use of Data Act, which gives extraterritorial e-evidence collection powers to US courts. Simultaneously, the European Union (EU) has proposed similar sweeping changes which would allow for LEAs in Member States to preserve and collect cloud-based evidence outside of the MLAT system. This article critically evaluates these developments from the perspective of the impact on the rights of EU citizens.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document