Study of anti-inflammatory activity and acute toxicity of common pine extracts

For pharmacological correction of inflammation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are traditionally used. The mechanism of action of most of these drugs is related to the ability to suppress the synthesis of prostaglandins by blockade of cyclooxygenase enzymes. Because the world is saved increased interest in finding new drugs, possibly with unconventional mechanism of action and, of course, with minimal side effects. Perspective in this respect are substances of vegetable origin - pine extracts of ordinary. Objects of the study: water extract from pine sylvestris, alcohol extract (70%) from pine sylvestris. Acute toxicity of dry extract of common pine was determined according to toxicological classification of Sydorov K. K. (1973). Experimental research of acute toxicity was performed according to the method of Prozorovskii V. К. and co-authors (1983). Nonlinear rats of both sexes were involved in the experiment. Observation of the animals was conducted during 14 days. According to the results of research the extract of common pine is classified as the substance of the 5-th toxic class practically non-toxic. The anti-inflammatory activity of common pine extracts was determined on the model of inflammation of the rat paw. For morphological studies were carried fence organs: heart, liver, kidneys, spleen and lungs. Preparation of organs for the research was performed according to the generally accepted in morphology. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Research results were processed using the statistical package of program «STATISTICA® for Windows 10.0» (StatSoft Inc.). The estimation of authenticity of differences of average value was conducted using the Student’s t- criterion. Changes were considered reliable at р ≤ 0.05. The results of the study of acute toxicity of dry extract of Scots pine (LD50 > 6 000 mg/kg). Allowed to carry this extract, according to the generally accepted classification of K. Sidorov's toxicity to the fifth grade - practically non-toxic. When conducting histological studies it was found that the surface of the liver, kidneys and adrenals is smooth. Color, shape, size of organs is normal. Pancreas is grayish-pink in color. The spleen is full-blooded, supple. Slime shell of the stomach with a pronounced relief of the folds. The intestinal mucosa is unchanged. In the thoracic cavity, all the organs of sowing are anatomically correct. The heart muscle on the incision is dark red, the airway sheets of the pleura are not changed. The highest anti-inflammatory activity was shown is manifested by the water-alcoholic extract of common pine, which suppressed the inflammatory reaction on 6,5% after 5 hours.

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Study of acute toxicity and pharmacological activity of dry extract of veronica officinalis

Medical and Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.11603/mcch.2410-681x.2015.v17.i4.5731 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. M. Marchyshyn ◽

T. Ya. Yaroshenko ◽

I. I. Milian ◽

S. S. Nakonechna

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Pharmacological Activity ◽

Diclofenac Sodium ◽

Route Of Administration ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Anti Inflammatory

The article is devoted to the research of an acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of dry extract of veronica officinalis. It has been found that the studied extract relating to practically non-toxic substances (V class of toxicity according to common classification of toxicity by K. K . S ydorov considering route of administration). According to the results dry extract of veronica officinalis grass under the conditions of caragenin edema showed the most expressive antiexudative activity using 150 mg/kg, slightly behind drug of comparison diclofenac sodium.

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Изучение противовоспалительной активности экстракта змееголовника молдавского

ZHurnal «Patologicheskaia fiziologiia i eksperimental`naia terapiia» ◽

10.25557/0031-2991.2020.01.108-112 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

E.N. Kurmanova ◽

E.V. Ferubko ◽

L.B. Strelkova ◽

R.K. Kurmanov ◽

O.P. Sheichenko

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Toxic Substance ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Low Toxic ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Змееголовник молдавский (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) в народной медицине используется в качестве противовоспалительного, ранозаживляющего, отхаркивающего и седативного средства. В ФГБНУ ВИЛАР разработан змееголовника молдавского травы экстракт сухой под условным названием «Люкатил» (сумма фенольных соединений 64,12% в пересчёте на цинарозид). Цель работы - изучение острой токсичности и противовоспалительной активности экстракта змееголовника для разработки на его основе лекарственного препарата. Методика. Проведено определение параметров острой токсичности и противовоспалительной активности экстракта. При изучении острой токсичности экстракта по методу Кербера использованы белые нелинейные мыши-самцы в количестве 30 особей. «Люкатил» вводили животным внутрижелудочно в дозах 500, 1000, 1500 и 2000 мг/кг. Для выявления противовоспалительной активности экстракта змееголовника молдавского использована in vitro ферментная биотест-система на основе индуцибельной NO-синтазы. Для выявления противовоспалительной активности экстракта in vivo использованы нелинейные мыши-самцы. Оценку влияния экстракта в дозе 200 мг/кг на экссудативную стадию воспаления проводили на модели 1% формалинового отёка. В качества препарата сравнения использовали индометацин (5 мг/кг). Формалиновый отёк вызывали однократным субплантарным введением под апоневроз задней правой лапки мыши 0,05 мл 1% формалина в качестве флогогенного агента. Величину отёка определяли по разнице в массе лапок контрольных и опытных животных и рассчитывали процент снижения степени отёка. Результаты. При однократном введении экстракт «Люкатил» не приводил к гибели животных, изменения внешнего вида и поведенческих реакций мышей не наблюдалось. В соответствии с классификацией токсичности химических веществ по ГОСТ 12.1.007-76 «Люкатил» является малотоксичным веществом. In vitro установлена высокая противовоспалительная активность экстракта, при этом остаточная активность iNOS снижалась до 25%. Экстракт в дозе 200 мг/кг in vivo обладал статистически значимым противовоспалительным эффектом. Он подавлял развитие экссудативной фазы воспаления на 33,7%, по сравнению с контрольной группой животных, уступая противовоспалительному эффекту индометацина. Заключение. Змееголовника молдавского травы экстракт сухой под условным названием «Люкатил» является малотоксичным веществом, обладает выраженным противовоспалительным эффектом в опытах in vitro, in vivo и является перспективным объектом для дальнейшего фармакологического изучения в качестве противовоспалительного лекарственного средства.Moldavian dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) is used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, expectorant, and sedative means. In our Institute, a Moldavian dragonhead herb dry extract (total phenolic content, 64.12% in cynaroside equivalent) was developed and conventionally named Lyukatil. Objective. To study acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of the dragonhead extract for developing a drug based on this extract. Method. Parameters of acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of the extract were assessed. The study of acute toxicity of the extract was performed using the Kerber method on male white mongrel mice (n=30). Lyukatil was administered to the animals intragastrically at doses of 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, 1500 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg. Anti-inflammatory activity of the Moldavian dragonhead extract was determined in vitro using an enzyme Biotest system based on inducible NO synthase. Mongrel male mice were used to study the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract in vivo. The effect of the extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg on the exudative phase of inflammation was evaluated on a model of 1% formalin-induced edema. Indomethacin 5 mg/kg was used as a reference drug. Formalin edema was induced by a single subplantar injection of 0.05 ml of 1% formalin as a phlogogenic agent under the aponeurosis of the right hind leg. The degree of edema was determined by the difference in leg weights in control and experimental animals; then the decrease in edema was calculated in per cent. Results. A single administration of the extract Lyukatil did not cause death of animals, changes in the appearance or in behavioral responses, shortness of breath, or drowsiness. In accordance with the toxicity classification for chemical substances as per GOST Standard 12.1.007-76, Lyukatil is a low-toxic substance. The extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg exerted a significant anti-inflammatory effect as shown by suppression of the exudative phase of formalin-induced inflammation by 33.7% compared to the control group. However, this effect was inferior to the anti-inflammatory effect of indomethacin. Conclusions. The Moldavian dragonhead herb dry extract under the conventional name of Lyukatil is a low-toxic substance that has a significant anti-inflammatory effect both in vitro and in vivo and is a promising target for further pharmacological studies as an anti-inflammatory drug.

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Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Sub-Acute Toxicity of Artemetin1

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/s-2006-960879 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 56 (01) ◽

pp. 36-40 ◽

Cited By ~ 44

Author(s):

Jayme Sertié ◽

Aulus Basile ◽

Sylvio Panizza ◽

Amabile Matida ◽

Raymond Zelnik

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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ANTI-INFLAMMATORY STUDY OF ANREDERA CORDIFOLIA LEAVES AND CENTELLA ASIATICA HERBS AND ITS COMBINATIONS USING HUMAN RED BLOOD CELL-MEMBRANE STABILIZATION METHOD

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i5.11973 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 78 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Entris Sutrisno ◽

Ketut Adnyana I ◽

Elin Yulinah Sukandar ◽

Irda Fidrianny ◽

Widhya Aligita

Keyword(s):

Cell Membrane ◽

Blood Cell ◽

Ethyl Alcohol ◽

Red Blood Cell ◽

Centella Asiatica ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Membrane Stabilization ◽

Alcohol Extract ◽

Red Blood Cell Membrane ◽

Anti Inflammatory

ABSTRACTObjective: Inflammation is body reactions in response to tissue injury and infection. In 2011, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) was thehighest demand drug in Indonesia. However, long-term treatment using NSAID can cause several side effects to cardiovascular and digestive system.This research aimed to investigate anti-inflammatory properties of binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia) and pegagan herbs (Centella asiatica).Methods: Ethyl alcohol extract of A. cordifolia leaves and C. asiatica herbs was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory properties using human redblood cell (RBC) – membrane stabilization assay. The extract concentrations used in this study was 100, 200, 400, and 800-ppm, and apigenin andasiaticoside concentration were 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, and 100 ppm. Diclofenac natrium (DN) was used as a standard drug.Results: The results showed that A. cordifolia extract (ACE) alone, C. asiatica extract (CAE) alone, and the combination of ACE and CAE could inhibit thehemolysis of RBC in hypotonic solution. The optimum concentration for ACE alone was 100 ppm; for CAE alone was 400 ppm; and for the combinationof ACE and CAE was 50 ppm and 50 ppm, respectively. Apigenin and asiaticoside in concentration of 1-10 ppm showed more than 97% inhibition ofhemolysis. DN as a standard drug showed optimum inhibition at concentration of 400 ppm.Conclusion: The ethyl alcohol extract of A. cordifolia leaves and C. asiatica herbs showed anti-inflammatory activity, both as a single treatment or ascombinations, and apigenin and asiaticoside were responsible for anti-inflammatory activity in C. asiatica.Keywords: Anti-inflammation, Human red blood cell – membrane stabilization, Anredera cordifolia, Centella asiatica.

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Scientific Evaluation of anti-inflammatory potential of Macrotyloma uniflorum seeds extracts

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4393 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽

pp. 1883-1888

Author(s):

Anandarajagopal K ◽

Abdullah Khan ◽

Sugalia S ◽

Bama Menon ◽

Tan Ching Siang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Water Extract ◽

Ethanol Extract ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Leguminous Plant ◽

Paw Edema ◽

Reference Drug ◽

Macrotyloma Uniflorum ◽

Phenolic Constituents ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Phytochemicals possessing the antioxidant properties naturally present in food attract a greater interest to healthcare researchers due to their desirable health effects on human health as they can be explored for protection against oxidative deterioration. Macrtotyloma uniflorum is a leguminous plant belonging to the family Fabaceae and commonly known as Horse gram. Aqueous and ethanol extracts of seeds of Macrotyloma uniflorum were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects using the scientific protocol on experimental rats. Extraction was carried out using the cold maceration method, and the anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using a digital plethysmometer in the experimental rats injected with carrageenan to produce paw edema. Preliminary phytochemical studies confirmed the presence of various bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins and amino acids, terpenoids, tannins, and phenolic compounds in both extracts while flavonoids were found only in ethanol extract. Both extracts of M. uniflorum seeds (200 mg/ml) significantly (p<0.01) reduced the paw edema volume induced by carrageenan. The ethanol extract of M. uniflorum seeds exhibited more potent anti-inflammatory activity than water extract, that might be due to the presence of flavonoids in ethanol extract. The activity of the extracts was compared with diclofenac sodium (10mg/kg b.wt.) as a reference drug. From the results, it may be suggested that the antioxidative potential of phenolic constituents and flavonoids is the primary factors for the anti-inflammatory activity of M. uniflorum seeds extracts.

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Evaluation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of alcoholic extract of leaves of Malachra Capitata in male Wistar rats

Journal of Comprehensive Pharmacy ◽

10.37483/jcp.2014.1304 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 01 (03) ◽

pp. 85-90

Author(s):

Premalatha Sundararajan ◽

Ranjith K Rajendranb ◽

Suresh Arumugamc ◽

Varalakshmi Jayaramdoss

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Anti Inflammatory

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STANDARDIZATION AND STABILITY EVALUATION OF DRY EXTRACTS OF MYRACRODRUON URUNDEUVA ALLEMÃO OBTAINED BY SPRAY DRIER

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i2.15065 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Renata Da Silva Leite ◽

Valmir Gomes De Souza ◽

Agna HÉlia De Oliveira ◽

JosÉ VenÂncio Chaves JÚnior ◽

Islaine De Souza Salvador ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Silicon Dioxide ◽

Feed Rate ◽

Stability Study ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Inlet Temperature ◽

Dry Extract ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

The Stability ◽

Drying Conditions ◽

Quercetin Concentration

Objective: This study aimed to obtain standardised dry extracts of Miracrodruon urundeuva Allemão using spray-dryer and evaluate the stability of the extracts.Methods: It evaluated the drying parameters: Proportion of colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD) (10, 15 and 20%), inlet temperature (160, 170 and 180 °C) and feed rate (4, 6 and 8 ml/min). The study of the accelerated stability of dry extract occurred in temperature of 40 °C (±2 °C) and relative humidity of 75% (±5%) for 6 mo. The anti-inflammatory activity of the dry extract was evaluated in Swiss mice by the paw edema method.Results: Variations in drying conditions did not represent significant variations in yields of the process. The drying temperature and feed rate significantly influenced the concentration of quercetin (p≤0.05). The increase in inlet temperature and feed flow promoted the increase of quercetin concentration in the extracts. The stability study showed that the concentration of quercetin in dry extract was stable over a period of 6 mo. The dry extract showed anti-inflammatory activity in mice orally.Conclusion: A condition of 10% of colloidal silicon dioxide with an 180 °C inlet temperature and a feed rate of 8 ml/min was considered the most adequate for obtaining the extracts and the drying process resulted in stable dry extracts and the quercetin was a suitable biomarker for monitoring the process.

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Phytochemical Screening, Biological Studiesand GC-MS Analysis of Extract of Biden pilosa L

Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences ◽

10.3126/jmmihs.v5i1.24076 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 79-93

Author(s):

Dharma Prasad Khanal ◽

Rupa Rana ◽

Bechan Raut ◽

Rabindra Prasad Dhakal

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Aerial Part ◽

Inflammatory Activity ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Acute Oral Toxicity ◽

Oral Toxicity ◽

Bidens Pilosa ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Ms Analysis ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Objective: The aim of the research work was to carry out the extraction of areal parts of Biden pilosa L by hydroalcholic and Hexane, ethyl acetate and acetone mixture followed by qualitative phytochemical analysis, acute oral toxicity test, anti-inflammatory test and GC-MS analysis of the extracts. Method: The hydro-alcoholic and HEA(n-hexane, ethyl acetate and acetone) extraction was done from aerial parts using ethanol and water in the ratio 70:30 and n-hexane, ethyl acetate and acetone in the ratio of 1:1:1 (HEA extract) respectively. Acute oral toxicity testwas performed OECD guidelines. The single spot in TLC was obtained using n-hexane as solvent for HEA fraction and finally phytocomponents were identified by GC-MS present in that spot.In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was performed by human RBC membrane stabilization method. Result: The phytochemical test results obtained indicate that hydro-alcoholic extract of aerial part of Bidens pilosa L. possess alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids and saponins whereas HEA extract possess alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins. Both hydro-alcoholic and HEA extracts were found to be safe up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg BW of the mice. Both extracts showed significant in vitro anti-inflammatory activity in a concentration dependent manner. The GC-MS analysis of HEA extract of aerial parts showed the presence of the sixteen different compounds from partially separated extract from TLC plates. Conclusion: Hydro-alcoholic extract of aerial part of Bidens pilosa L. possess alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids and saponins whereas HEA extract possess alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins. Both hydro-alcoholic and HEA extracts were found to be safe up to the dose of 2000 mg/kg BW of the mice. The GC-MS analysis of HEA extract of aerial parts showed the presence of the sixteen different compounds.

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