Thyroid Gland Tissue | ScienceGate

A retrospective analysis of acts of forensic medical autopsies from the archive of St. Petersburg GBUS BSME and a histological study of thyroid gland tissue in 188 cases (95 women and 93 men) were carried out with statistical processing of the obtained results for the purpose of studying and assessing the morphological changes in the main components of the histohematological barrier of thyroid gland tissue in cases of the sudden cardiac death from alcoholic cardiomyopathy. The decrease in the weight of the thyroid gland in the investigated cases and the revealed morphological signs, indicative of a decrease in the memory function of the thyroid gland were found and can be caused by the prolonged toxic effect of ethanol and its metabolites. Morphological changes in the endothelial lining of the vessels of the microcirculatory bed are caused both by the direct cytotoxic action of ethanol and its metabolites and by the action of mediators, the release of which occurs as a result of stimulation of the reactive cells, which leads to swelling, deformation and increased activity of endothelial cell membranes with the expansion of intercellular spaces and the development of increased permeability of the endothelial lining, which, in its turn, contributes to disruption of electrolyte transport and nutrients transport with changes trophism thyroid gland tissue, which is a substrate for the appearance of dystrophic and necrobiotic processes in main structural components of the histogematogenous barrier of the thyroid gland. The revealed morphological changes in thyroid gland tissue in cases of death from alcoholic cardiomyopathy have a non-specific nature and should be considered in conjunction with other visceral manifestations that are a reflection of alcohol intoxication during the chronic alcoholism.

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Thyrocytes as the Target Cells for Hhv-6 Infection in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis / Tireocīti Kā Cilvēka Herpesvīrusa-6 Infekcijas Mēríšūnas Pacientiem Ar Autoimūno Tireoidītu

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences Section B Natural Exact and Applied Sciences ◽

10.1515/prolas-2016-0027 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 70 (4) ◽

pp. 160-164

Author(s):

Alina Sultanova ◽

Maksims Èistjakovs ◽

Egils Cunskis ◽

Katerina Todorova ◽

Russy Russev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Thyroid Gland ◽

Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Human Herpesvirus ◽

Target Cells ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Gland Tissue ◽

Thyroid Gland Tissue

Abstract Human herpesvirus-6 (HHV-6) is a ubiquitous betaherpesvirus with immunomodulating properties that have been suggested to play an important role in the development of several autoimmune disorders. Although the primary targets for HHV-6 replication, both in vitro and in vivo, are CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, some studies have reported the presence of HHV-6 sequences in different solid organs, including in the thyroid gland, showing possible involvement of this herpesvirus in development of autoimmune thyroid disease. The aim of this study was to determine loads of HHV-6 in thyroid gland tissue in comparison to those in peripheral blood of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis. Seven patients [women mean age 45 (28-65)] with histologically confirmed autoimmune thyroiditis were enrolled in this study. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting was used to distinguish and sort lymphocyte populations from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients. HHV-6 load was determined by real-time PCR for peripheral blood and thyroid gland tissue samples. Additionally, all results from molecular analyses were compared with histological results obtained by light microscopy. Viral load was detected only in one (46 viral copies/ 1×106cells) blood sample; others were under the detection limit of the used kit. However, in all HHV-6 positive tissue samples viral load was detected in the range of 132-1620 viral copies/106 cells. Substantial HHV-6 load in lymphocyte subpopulations was detected in two of seven patients. HHV-6 load was detected in NK and CD95+ cells of two patients. The obtained results show that thyroid gland cells (tyrocytes) act as target cells for HHV-6.

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Gozzo con Ipotiroidismo dovuto a Difetto Familiare di Desiodazione delle Iodotirosine

Acta geneticae medicae et gemellologiae ◽

10.1017/s1120962300013019 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 410-416

Author(s):

U. Bigozzi ◽

M. Bigazzi ◽

R. Guazzelli ◽

F. Melani

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Thyroid Hormones ◽

Point Of View ◽

Congenital Defect ◽

Uptake Curve ◽

Thyroid Uptake ◽

Gland Tissue ◽

Thyroid Gland Tissue

SUMMARYThe Authors describe the case of juvenile hypothyroidism with goiter caused by a congenital defect in the synthesis of the thyroid hormones. The picture of thyroid uptake curve, cromatographic separation of thyroid hormones in serum and of thyroid gland tissue, and the PBI concentration, suggest to include the case among the iodothyrosine dehalogenase defects. Such a defect, though very attenuate, has been found in the patient's mother too. From a genetic point of view, Authors suggest to consider both cases heterozygous expression of the defect; though in the daugther this defect is more accentuate.

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Changes in thyroxine, 3,3',5-triiodothyronine and 3,3'5'-triiodothyronine content in the thyroid gland and in serum to thyroid tissue iodothyronine ratios during ontogenesis in the fetal pig

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica ◽

10.1556/avet.52.2004.4.1 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 379-387 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ewa Brzezińska-Ślebodzińska ◽

A. B. Ślebodziński

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Thyroid Tissue ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Hormone Activity ◽

Gland Tissue ◽

High Production ◽

Postnatal Adaptation ◽

Near Term ◽

Thyroid Gland Tissue ◽

Fetal Pig

The concentrations of thyroxine (T4), 3,3',5-triiodothyronine (T3) and 3,3',5'-triiodothyronine (reverse T3; rT3) in thyroid gland tissue and serum of the fetal pig (n = 68) from day 39 to 113 of gestation were measured. Tracer quantities of iodothyronines, displaying the onset of thyroid hormone activity, were found in the thyroid tissue on day 39, i.e. before the appearance of a measurable quantity of iodothyronines in the serum. The T4 and T3 thyroidal content showed the first rise between days 56 and 76. Then, T3 was increasing sharply from day 92 till birth, while T4 content was decreasing from about day 76 to a low value between day 92 and 105, and then showing an increase shortly before birth. The rT3 content was the highest on day 39 and then it was steadily decreasing to reach a nadir on about day 76. Measurable amounts of thyroid hormones (TH) in the serum were observed not earlier than on day 46 of gestation. Near birth, the tissues of the pig fetus are in a milieu characterised by the highest blood TH concentrations. The serum to thyroid concentration ratio for rT3 and T4 was generally below 1.0 until the last trimester of gestation, when it was over 5.0 for rT3 and over 4.0 for T4. By contrast, the T3 serum to thyroid ratio was below 0.5 throughout the gestation. The results show that the fetal pig thyroid displays a low rT3 and T4 content, but the marked T3 elevation observed near term supports the view that a high production and secretion of T3 near term may be a critical factor for normal postnatal adaptation to extrauterine cooling in the pig.

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Thyroid gland tissue in dermoid cyst of ovary

British Journal of Surgery ◽

10.1002/bjs.1800135121 ◽

1926 ◽

Vol 13 (51) ◽

pp. 580-581

Author(s):

Ernest H. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Dermoid Cyst ◽

Gland Tissue ◽

Thyroid Gland Tissue

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Use of cellular therapy as a way to improve efficiency of thyroid gland autotransplantation

Bulletin of Siberian Medicine ◽

10.20538/1682-0363-2009-4-17-21 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

A. N. Galyan

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Thyroid Hormone ◽

Thyroid Gland ◽

Functional State ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Cellular Therapy ◽

Male Rats ◽

Cellular Suspension ◽

Gland Tissue ◽

Thyroid Gland Tissue

In the experiment carried out on 150 Vistar line male rats after a thyreodectomy a thyroid gland tissue was autotranspalted into big omentum to prevent postoperative hypothyroidism. Three-month study and comparative analysis of morphology and functional state of the transplanted tissue showed high levels of thyroid hormone reactivation and transplant viability owing to the use of the cellular suspension of autologous pluripotent mesenchymal stromal cells.

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Nauja skydliaukės masės ir tūrio matavimo ultragarsu metodika

Lietuvos chirurgija ◽

10.15388/lietchirur.2003.2.2415 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Paulius Žeromskas ◽

Algimantas Bubnys ◽

Kęstutis Strupas

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Mass Measurement ◽

Volume Measurement ◽

New Method ◽

Gland Volume ◽

Gland Tissue ◽

Thyroid Gland Volume ◽

Mathematical Formulas ◽

Thyroid Gland Tissue

Paulius Žeromskas, Algimantas Bubnys, Kęstutis StrupasVilniaus universiteto Pilvo chirurgijos centras,Santariškių g. 2, LT-2021 VilniusEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Vilniaus universiteto Pilvo chirurgijos klinikoje parengta nauja skydliaukės masės ir tūrio matavimo metodika, pritaikoma įprastinei ultragarsinei įrangai. Metodai Metodika buvo paruošta ultragarsu (pagal pasiūlytus principus) prieš operaciją išmatavus ir po operacijos pasvėrus bei tūrį išmatavus 187 skydliaukės skilčių ir 88 sąsmaukų. Rezultatai / išvados Tirdami nustatėme, kad 1 g skydliaukės audinio tūris yra 0,958 ml ir šis skirtumas yra statistiškai patikimas. Todėl tūris ir masė turi būti skaičiuojami atskirai. Naujai metodikai parengtos skilčių ir sąsmaukos masės bei tūrio skaičiavimo formulės: Vsąs = 0,991 x A x B x C, Msąs = 1,051 x A x B x C,Vsk = 0,49 x A x B x C , Msk = 0,508 x A x B x C; čia: Vsk – skilties tūris, Msk – skilties masė, Vsąs – sąsmaukos tūris, Msąs – sasmaukos masė, A – skilties (ar sąsmaukos) aukštis, B – skilties (ar sąsmaukos) plotis, C – skilties (ar sąsmaukos ) storis. Skydliaukės tūris (masė) lygus abiejų skilčių ir sąsmaukos tūrių (masių) sumai. Metodikos tikslumą nustatėme palyginę prieš operaciją ultragarsu išmatuotą skydliaukės masę ir tūrį su pašalintos skydliaukės mase ir tūriu. Koreliacijos koeficientas buvo r = 0,97 (n = 71). Metodika parengta įprastinei ultragarsinei įrangai. Prasminiai žodžiai: endokrinologija, skydliaukės masė, skydliaukės tūris, tiroidektomija, voliumetrija. A new method of thyroid gland volume measurement by ultrasound in vivo Paulius Žeromskas, Algimantas Bubnys, Kęstutis Strupas Background / objective A new method of thyroid gland volume and mass measurement by ultrasound was elaborated at the Clinic of Abdominal Surgery of Vilnius University. Methods The method was proposed after ultrasonic pre-operative measurement (by our approach) and post-operative weighing and volume measurement of 187 thyroid lobes and 88 isthmuses. Results / conclusions We found that the volume of 1g of thyroid gland tissue is 0.958 ml and the difference is statistically significant. Thus, thyroid mass and volume must be calculated separately. To measure the size of the thyroid gland according to the new method, the following mathematical formulas are suggested: Vist = 0.991 × A × B × C, Mist = 1.051× A × B × C,Vlob = 0.49 × A × B × C, Mlob = 0.508 × A × B × C, where Vist is the isthmus volume, Mist is the isthmus weight, Vlob is the lobe volume, Mlob is the lobe weight, A is lobe (or isthmus) length, B is lobe (or isthmus) width, C is lobe (or isthmus) depth. The volume (or mass) of the thyroid gland is the sum ultrasonically determined volumes (or masses) of the both lobes and the isthmus. The accuracy of the method has been ascertained by comparing the ultrasonically determined volume (and weight) with the volume (and weight) of the same gland removed surgically. The correlation coefficient was r=0.97 (n=71). The method is adapted to ordinary ultrasound equipment. Keywords: endocrinology, thyroid gland mass, thyroid gland tissue volume, thyroidectomy, volumetry

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Dual Ectopic Thyroid: An Uncommon Imaging Diagnosis

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine Education and Research ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1151 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 83-84

Author(s):

Nidhi Prabhakar ◽

Vivek Gupta ◽

Naresh Panda

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Hormone Replacement ◽

Ectopic Thyroid ◽

Imaging Diagnosis ◽

Contrast Enhanced ◽

Gland Tissue ◽

Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽

Dual Ectopic Thyroid ◽

Enhanced Computed Tomography ◽

Thyroid Gland Tissue

ABSTRACT Ectopic thyroid means presence of thyroid gland tissue in abnormal position. Dual ectopic thyroid is the presence of thyroid gland tissue in two different abnormal locations. It is a rare entity. We report a case of 17-year-old girl who presented with a gradually increasing swelling in the upper neck. Her thyroid tests were abnormal, with mildly reduced T3 and T4 levels and increased TSH levels. Ultrasound revealed an isoechoic homogenous lesion in the intermuscular planes, in the infrahyoid neck. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of neck was performed which showed two similarly homogenously enhancing lesions, one in the base of tongue and another in the infrahyoid neck. Thyroid gland was not seen in its normal location. On the basis of these findings, diagnosis of dual ectopic thyroid was made. Patient was managed with thyroid hormone replacement therapy to manage hypothyroidism and decrease the size of swelling. How to cite this article Prabhakar N, Gupta V, Panda N, Khandelwal N. Dual Ectopic Thyroid: An Uncommon Imaging Diagnosis. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(2):83-84.

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Loss of signal during intraoperative neuromonitoring of laryngeal nerves as a predictor of postoperative larynx paresis: Analysis of 1065 consequetive thyroid and parathyroid operations. Surgeons' algorythm (tactics)

Endocrine Surgery ◽

10.14341/serg2016315-24 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 15-24

Author(s):

Viktor A. Makarin ◽

Anna A. Uspenskaya ◽

Arseniy A. Semenov ◽

Natalia I. Timofeeva ◽

Roman A. Chernikov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Gland ◽

Negative Predictive Value ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Postoperative Period ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Intraoperative Neuromonitoring ◽

Parathyroid Glands ◽

Laryngeal Nerves ◽

Gland Tissue ◽

Thyroid Gland Tissue

During thyroid and parathyroid operations performed with laryngeal nerves neuromonitoring, a segmental or global loss of signal may occur. The most frequent cause of loss of signal – is tension of thyroid gland tissue and at the same time tension of the laryngeal nerves. There is no consensus if this complication arises regarding surgeon’s actions.Aim. Evaluation of predictive value of loss of signal during IONM regarding larynx paresis in postoperative period, and algorithm suggestion in case of loss of signal develops.Materials and methods. 1065 patients were operated on thyroid and parathyroid glands with neuromonitoring of laryngeal nerves. Neuromonitore C2 (Inomed, Emmendingen, Germany) was used. We evaluated frequency of loss of signal, described types of loss of signal, showed sensitivity and specificity of loss of signal and development of postoperative larynx paresis.Results. Loss of signal developed in 32 (1,9%) patients. More frequently loss of signal was detected at left side (p=0,01, χ2 = 4,2 OR=2,9). Sensitivity (Se) of loss of signal and postoperative larynx paresis development reached 59,2%, specificity – 99,7% (Sp), positive predicitive value (PPV) – 91,4%, negative predictive value (NPV) – 97,8%. There are no statistically reliable differences in recovery periods of larynx function depending on type of loss of signal (segmental or global) (p=0,5).Conclusions. In most cases loss of electromyographical signal indicates injury of laryngeal nerves during operation on thyroid and parathyroid glands. When there is loss of signal in case of bilateral thyroid gland disease it is reasonable to make a decision to stop operation to prevent development of bilateral larynx paresis.

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