scholarly journals ACTUAL ISSUES IN MONITORING THE QUALITY OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR AND RISKS OF INFLUENCE OF CHEMICALS STUDIED IN THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR ON THE TERRITORY OF THE LUGANSK REGION, WHICH ARE CONTROLLED BY THE UKRAINIAN AUTHORITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (71) ◽  
pp. 57-75
Author(s):  
V. Yurkevych ◽  
◽  
V. Syrovatska ◽  
N. Yurkevych ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Air

Data analysis of social hygiene monitoring in russian regions determining environmental and hygienic safety for population

2020 ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
O. Klepikov ◽  
S. Eprintsev ◽  
S. Shekoyan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Priority Pollutants ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Federal Center

Data of the Federal Information Fund for Social Hygiene Monitoring conducted on the basis of the Federal Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor have been analyzed to assess environmental risks, as well as to develop environmental safety system as a factor for sustainable development of the territory in the regions of the Russian Federation. Atmospheric air pollution in Russian regions was evaluated by content of priority pollutants. Ranking of Russian regions according to the quality of drinking water supply was carried out. The possibility of using Federal Information Fund for Social Hygiene Monitoring as an integral part of the model for optimizing the social and environmental conditions of populated areas is estimated.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS AND PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE FOR THE FORMATION OF THE EVIDENTIAL BASE OF HAZARD TO HEALTH IN THE POPULATION IN THE ZONE OF INFLUENCE OF WASTE FROM THE PAST ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1038-1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Zaitseva ◽  
Irina V. May ◽  
S. V. Klein ◽  
S. S. Khankharev ◽  
A. A. Boloshinova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
The Past ◽  
Zone Of Influence

There are described an algorithm and methods for collecting the evidential base for causing hazard to the health of the population of Zakamensk (the Republic of Buryatia) in the zone of influence of the waste of the past activities of the Dzhidinsky tungsten-molybdenum combine. The source of danger is lying sands, containing a complex of toxic heavy metals - lead, cadmium, manganese, nickel, chromium, etc. The algorithm for the formation of the evidential base included: a general analysis of the sanitary and hygienic situation; assessment in the dynamics of the quality of atmospheric air, drinking water, soil, food; assessment of the risk to the health of the population; epidemiological studies; in-depth clinical surveys of a representative group of city residents (280 people). In the blood of the examinees, heavy metals were identified as biological markers of the exposure. There was evaluated a complex of the response (effect) adequate to effects of laboratory markers. By methods of mathematical statistics there was established the presence of reliable relationships in the system “source of hazard - the quality of the environment - exposure to risk factors - health status.” The hazard to the health of a citizen, due to the negative impact of the factor, was considered to be proven if it was possible to build a continuous step-by-step logical chain of relationships between the source of the harmful effect, the quality of the habitat and the establishment of the fact of the disease. The quality of the habitat of the population of Zakamensk was shown to give rise in unacceptable risks to the health of residents. The main influencing factor is the pollution of atmospheric air, local food products and drinking water from public and private wells. Risks are realized in terms of a level of the primary morbidity rate of the population of the respiratory diseases, endocrine system, digestive organs that is relatively high compared to the matched area. The relationship between health hazard and environmental factors has been fully proved in 14% of the surveyed persons. At the same time, the territory was shown not be characterized as a zone of “ecological disaster” or “an emergency environmental situation”.

Evaluation of Emission of Pollutants in the Atmosphere Produced by Heating Enterprises of Nalchik Town

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 1047-1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lezhinka T. Sozaeva
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Carbon Oxide ◽  
Populated Area ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentrations ◽  
Pollutants Emission ◽  
Reduction Of Emissions ◽  
The Given

In the given article the pollutants emission evaluation results in the atmosphere from heating enterprises of Nalchik are presented. Evaluations were realized in accordance with criteria of atmospheric air quality of the populated areas that require preventing the increase of maximum permissible concentrations for each pollutant emitted by heating houses (nitrogen dioxide, oxide of nitrogen and carbon oxide) on considering points. The results of dispersion of emissions showed that there was no increase in maximum permissible concentrations of pollutants on the populated area nearest to each heating house. However, the amount of emissions is significant and is about 742 tons per year. In connection with it, it is necessary to introduce new technological decisions, efficient pollution control facilities directed on reduction of emissions on the environment and human health.

scholarly journals Social Consequences of Vehicle Exhaust: A Case Study in Poltava, Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-32
Author(s):  
Olena Stepova ◽  
Olena Hanoshenko ◽  
Tetyana Serha ◽  
Natalia Yesina ◽  
Olena Strelnikova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Atmospheric Air

Intensive urbanization processes, an increase in the number of urban population and transport have led to an increase in the technogenic load on the environment, in particular on the atmospheric air. Among a significant number of sources of environmental pollution, roads and vehicles pose a significant threat. Motor vehicles cause irreparable harm to human health and the environment. Regular assessment of the quality of atmospheric air in residential areas of cities with heavy traffic to establish the level of potential risk to public health is an urgent task. The study purpose is the social consequences of transport emissions; determination of the anthropogenic load on the air and of the indicator of public health risk from the vehicle exhaust impact. The study was carried out on the example of the residential and the most loaded transport area of Poltava (Ukraine). The study demonstrates that the overwhelming majority of the urban population lives in areas where health risk indicators exceed permissible norms. Since the elderly, children and students are most often present on the street and near houses, they are at the greatest risk. The same applies to vehicle drivers who are often idle in "traffic jams". In turn, such high levels of air pollution pose even greater risks to public health, in particular to the development of respiratory diseases. In the study of the peculiarities of Ukrainian legislation in this area, it was established that the mechanism for collecting information about the quality of the environment, however, there is no requirement to inform the population about it.

scholarly journals Application of coniferous dendroforms for biotesting of coastal urban environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 04037
Author(s):  
M Kosovskaya ◽  
N Lyamina ◽  
E Semenova ◽  
I Tsokalo ◽  
N Gnilomedova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Environmental Quality Assessment ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Picea Pungens ◽  
Coastal Cities ◽  
Alternative Control Methods

In the urban environment, the main sources of pollutants entering the atmosphere are the work of industrial enterprises and the operation of vehicles, which leads to a significant change in the composition of the air, which leads to the objective need for strict control of the state of the city’s environment and atmospheric air in particular. The ongoing state monitoring control of the atmospheric air in the urban environment is not sufficient, which leads to the need to create alternative control methods. This method is bioindication and biotesting. Applying the sensitivity of organisms, one can assess the degree of environmental pollution. Thus, the choice of certain bioindicators directly affects the quality of the data obtained, especially in the areas of coastal cities. The studies were carried out in Sevastopol during 2018-2020. The results obtained make it possible to use Pinus pallasiana Lamb. as a test object for assessing the quality of the environment. Coniferous dendroforms Picea pungens Engelm. and Thuja occidentalis L. showed results that allow their use in bioindication, in the case of using the entire possible spectrum of markers to increase the reliability of environmental quality assessment by biotesting methods. Previously, similar studies were carried out using deciduous dendroforms.

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF ASSESSMENT AND FORECAST OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR QUALITY AS A GOAL OF ECOLOGIZATION THE CONSTRUCTION SITE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Manzhilevskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Model System ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Dust Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Air Quality Assessment ◽  
Consistent Assessment

The article analyzes the system for assessing and forecasting air quality at a construction site. Models of the air quality assessment system are considered. Dust control measures are proposed with respect to improving the health of construction site workers and a method for calculating and controlling the emissions of pollutants at a construction site. To implement the assessment of atmospheric air quality at the construction site, the model "system for assessing and forecasting the quality of atmospheric air", which allows a consistent assessment and forecast of atmospheric air quality, is presented.

scholarly journals BIOLOGICAL MARKERS OF NON-CARCEROGENIC NEGATIVE IMPACTS ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF CHILDREN IN THE AREA WITH EXPOSURE TO ALUMINUM PRODUCTION EMISSIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 461-469
Author(s):  
I. G. Zhdanova-Zaplesvichko ◽  
Marina A. Zemlyanova ◽  
Yu. V. Koldibekova
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Aluminum Content ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Aluminum Production ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Introduction. The priority indicator of the influence of chemical factors of the environment on the health of the population of Russia is the pollution of atmospheric air, the composition of which is largely determined by regional features of production. Material and methods. A comparative hygienic assessment of the quality of the atmospheric air of the territory with the placement of aluminum production and the territory without similar sources of emissions was conducted; a chemical-analytical and clinical laboratory examination of 135 children was carried out, with an assessment of the negative effects from the nervous system in the case of aerogenic exposure to aluminum and manganese. Results. In the conditions of the existing quality of atmospheric air in the residential area in the zone of influence of aluminum production which forms an aerogenic exposure of substances (aluminum and manganese), possessing of the unidirectional negative impact on the central nervous system, at the level of 0.0015g/(kg∙day) the share of aluminum is 93.3%, which indicates its primary impact on the population. Children of the observation group 1 showed urine aluminum content by 3.1 times more than in comparison to observation subgroup 2 and 6.9 times in relation to the comparison group (p = 0.0001). The concentration of aluminum as a marker of inhalation exposure is substantiated, and its value more than 0.053 mg/dm3 in urine may indicate an increased risk of neurotoxic exposure. An increased prevalence (1.6-5.5 times) of the negative impact on the CNS in the form of the asthenic autonomous syndrome, as a predictor of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder, has been shown to be associated with the aerogenic exposure to aluminum. In children with an elevated aluminum content in urine comparing to the reference level, revealed laboratory abnormalities and indices were proved to be associated with an elevated concentration of aluminum in the urine relative to the children of the comparison group: an increase in the level of neuron-specific enolase in the serum indicating an increase in the activity of damage to the blood-brain barrier; an increase in the glutamic acid content by 1.3 times, characterizing the imbalance of the neurotransmitters of the central nervous system; reduction in serum phosphorus, reflecting the antagonistic effect of aluminum, followed by an increase in the level of ionized calcium in the blood. The contribution of aluminum to the biochemical and functional indices deviation from the physiological norm accounted for from 10% to 58%. On the basis of a consistent chain of reliable dependencies, a complex of biomarkers of the asthenic autonomous syndrome and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder associated with an elevated aluminum content in urine, including glutamic acid, neuron-specific enolase, and phosphorus is substantiated.

scholarly journals Role of green spaces for migration and setting of heavy metals (as illustrated by Holosiivskyi National Nature Park, Kyiv)

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-105
Author(s):  
T. S. Tesolkina ◽  
D. V. Lukashov
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Nature Park

Air pollution by heavy metals in the urbanized surroundings presents a serious threat to human health and the environment. Road dust is distinguished as a high-level pollutant and characterized by a significant content of heavy metals. Green spaces play a leading role when it comes to improving the quality of atmospheric air in megalopolises. They trap pollutants. Most of them settle on the surfaces of plant leaves, but some can be also absorbed through the stomata. As a result of these processes, pollutants, along with fallen leaves, can later migrate to other components of the ecosystem. An important component of this system is forest litter that plays a kind of trigger role by regulating the directions of substance flows in the “leaves-litter-soil” system, keeping chemical elements from leaching out and evenly distributing their inflows. Thus, forest litter functions as a sort of biogeochemical barrier and plays a leading role in the ability of ecosystems to self-regulate. Thus, the purpose of this work was to assess the role of green spaces in improving the quality of atmospheric air in the urban surroundings and to conduct a preliminary assessment of the features of the processes of heavy metals transformation within the forest litter. The model site of research is located within the territory of Holosiivskyi forest, a part of the Holosiivskyi National Nature Park (Kyiv). The content of heavy metals in the forest litter was determined using the methods of atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results of the study of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd, Cr and Zn content annual dynamics within the forest litter of the hornbeam forest of the Holosiivskyi National Nature Park show that the maximum concentrations are typical for the summer period, when the litter reserves sharply decrease, and the minimum ones – for the autumn-winter period during their accumulation. Comparison of the distribution of heavy metals content within the leaf and fermented layers showed that, under the conditions of the model area, Zn, Cu, and Ni are predominantly accumulated right in the leaf layer of the forest litter. Moreover, it was revealed that the processes of leaf litter mineralization lead to migration of Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr, and setting of Zn.

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