scholarly journals A transdiagnostic investigation of amygdala-vmPFC resting state functional connectivity and emotional distress in daily lives

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Anne M. Merrill
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Behavioral Dysregulation ◽  
Affective Instability ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

Mood disorders, anxiety disorders and borderline personality disorder overlap in symptom criteria, are highly comorbid with one another, and group together in factor models of psychopathology (Kotov et al., 2011). These disorders of emotional distress are characterized by increased frequency and duration of intense negative affect, large abrupt shifts in affect (i.e., affective instability), and behavioral dysregulation (Selby, Anestis, Bender, and Joiner, 2009). Functional connectivity between the amygdala and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) has been proposed as a possible endophenotype for emotion dysregulation. However, the relationship between amygdala-vmPFC connectivity and transdiagnostic symptoms of emotional distress is largely unknown. The present study used two powerful methodologies, fMRI and Ecological Momentary Assessment, to examine the relationship between amygdala-vmPFC resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) and dysregulated moods and behaviors in daily lives. Twenty-seven women in treatment for a disorder of emotional distress completed clinical interviews, self-report questionnaires on symptoms and emotion regulation, resting state scans, and two weeks of frequent surveys assessing moods and behaviors. Results found that amygdala-vmPFC rs-FC was (a) correlated with frequency of behavioral dysregulation, including drinking alcohol to cope with distress, binge eating, and impulsivity, and (b) differentially correlated with anxiety and depression, replicating the results of previous research (Burghy et al., 2012). Results also found that another emotion circuit, the dACC-amygdala, was associated with negative affect and affective instability. The current research found evidence for neural mechanisms related to emotional and behavioral dysregulation in daily lives of women with transdiagnostic disorders of emotional distress.

scholarly journals Resting-state functional connectivity, cortical GABA and neuroactive steroids in peripartum and peripartum depressed women: a functional magnetic imaging and resonance study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina M. Deligiannidis ◽  
Christina L. Fales ◽  
Aimee R. Kroll-Desrosiers ◽  
Scott A. Shaffer ◽  
Vanessa Villamarin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Neuroactive Steroids ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Magnetic Imaging ◽  
Temporal Pole ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTPostpartum depression (PPD) is associated with abnormalities in resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) but the underlying neurochemistry is unclear. We hypothesized that peripartum GABAergic neuroactive steroids (NAS) are related to cortical GABA concentrations and RSFC in PPD as compared to healthy comparison women (HCW). To test this, we measured RSFC with fMRI and GABA+/Creatine (Cr) concentrations with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) in the pregenual anterior cingulate (pgACC) and occipital cortices (OCC) and quantified peripartum plasma NAS. We examined between-group differences in RSFC and the relationship between cortical GABA+/Cr concentrations with RSFC. We investigated the relationship between NAS, RSFC and cortical GABA+/Cr concentrations. Within the default mode network (DMN) an area of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) had greater connectivity with the rest of the DMN in PPD (peak voxel: MNI coordinates (2, 58, 32), p=0.002) and was correlated to depression scores (peak HAM-D17 voxel: MNI coordinates (0, 60, 34), p=0.008). pgACC GABA+/Cr correlated positively with DMPFC RSFC in a region spanning the right anterior/posterior insula and right temporal pole (r=+0.661, p=0.000). OCC GABA+/Cr correlated positively with regions spanning both amygdalae (right amygdala: r=+0.522, p=0.000; left amygdala: r=+0.651, p=0.000) as well as superior parietal areas. Plasma allopregnanolone was higher in PPD (p=0.03) and positively correlated with intra DMPFC connectivity (r=+0.548, p=0.000) but not GABA+/Cr. These results provide initial evidence that PPD is associated with altered DMN connectivity; cortical GABA+/Cr concentrations are associated with postpartum RSFC and allopregnanolone is associated with postpartum intra-DMPFC connectivity.

scholarly journals Overlapping but Asymmetrical Relationships Between Schizophrenia and Autism Revealed by Brain Connectivity

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 1210-1218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujiro Yoshihara ◽  
Giuseppe Lisi ◽  
Noriaki Yahata ◽  
Junya Fujino ◽  
Yukiko Matsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Functional Connections ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Although the relationship between schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has long been debated, it has not yet been fully elucidated. The authors quantified and visualized the relationship between ASD and SSD using dual classifiers that discriminate patients from healthy controls (HCs) based on resting-state functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging. To develop a reliable SSD classifier, sophisticated machine-learning algorithms that automatically selected SSD-specific functional connections were applied to Japanese datasets from Kyoto University Hospital (N = 170) including patients with chronic-stage SSD. The generalizability of the SSD classifier was tested by 2 independent validation cohorts, and 1 cohort including first-episode schizophrenia. The specificity of the SSD classifier was tested by 2 Japanese cohorts of ASD and major depressive disorder. The weighted linear summation of the classifier’s functional connections constituted the biological dimensions representing neural classification certainty for the disorders. Our previously developed ASD classifier was used as ASD dimension. Distributions of individuals with SSD, ASD, and HCs s were examined on the SSD and ASD biological dimensions. We found that the SSD and ASD populations exhibited overlapping but asymmetrical patterns in the 2 biological dimensions. That is, the SSD population showed increased classification certainty for the ASD dimension but not vice versa. Furthermore, the 2 dimensions were correlated within the ASD population but not the SSD population. In conclusion, using the 2 biological dimensions based on resting-state functional connectivity enabled us to discover the quantified relationships between SSD and ASD.

Individual differences in the relationship between episodic detail generation and resting state functional connectivity vary with age

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Matijevic ◽  
Jessica R. Andrews-Hanna ◽  
Aubrey Anne Ladd Wank ◽  
Lee Ryan ◽  
Matthew D. Grilli
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Brain Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

The ability to generate episodic details while recollecting autobiographical events is believed to depend on a collection of brain regions that form a posterior medial network (PMN). How age-related differences in episodic detail generation relate to the PMN, however, remains unclear. The present study sought to examine individual differences, and the role of age, in PMN resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) associations with episodic detail generation. Late middle-aged and older adults (N = 41, ages 52-81), and young adults (N = 21, ages 19-35) were asked to describe recent personal events, and these memory narratives were coded for episodic, semantic and ‘miscellaneous’ details. Independent components analysis and regions-of-interest analyses were used to assess rsFC within anterior PMN connections (hippocampal and medial prefrontal) and posterior PMN connections (hippocampal, parahippocampal and parieto-occipital). Compared to younger adults, older adults produced memory narratives with lower episodic specificity (ratio of episodic:total details) and a greater amount of semantic detail. Among the older adults, episodic detail amounts and episodic specificity were reduced with increasing age. There were no significant age differences in PMN rsFC. Stronger anterior PMN rsFC was related to lower episodic detail in the older adult group, but not in the young. Among the older adults, increasing age brought on an association between increased anterior PMN rsFC and reduced episodic specificity. The present study provides evidence that functional connectivity within the PMN, particularly anterior PMN, tracks individual differences in the amount of episodic details retrieved by older adults. Furthermore, these brain-behavior relationships appear to be age-specific.

scholarly journals Inferior Frontal Gyrus-Based Resting-State Functional Connectivity and Medium Dispositional Use of Reappraisal Strategy

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjuan Li ◽  
Ke Xie ◽  
Ronald K. Ngetich ◽  
Junjun Zhang ◽  
Zhenlan Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Parietal Lobe ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
The Relationship

The previous neuroimaging functional connectivity analyses have indicated that the association between the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and other brain regions results in better emotion regulation in reappraisal tasks. However, no study has explored the relationship between IFG-based resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) and the dispositional use of reappraisal strategy. Therefore, the present study examined the potential associations between rsFC patterns of both left and right IFG and dispositional reappraisal use. One hundred healthy participants completed the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) and underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) acquisition. An approach of the seed-based rsFC analysis was recruited to estimate the functional connectivity maps of bilateral IFG with other brain regions, and the reappraisal scores from the ERQ were then correlated with the functional maps. Our findings showed that IFG-based rsFC was positively correlated with dispositional reappraisal only in the range of 4 to 5.5 points [medium reappraisal group (MRG)]. Specifically, medium dispositional reappraisal was positively correlated with rsFC between left/right IFG and bilateral temporal gyrus. Besides, medium dispositional reappraisal was positively correlated with rsFC between left IFG and bilateral superior parietal lobe (SPL), middle cingulate cortex (MCC), and right insula, as well as between right IFG and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). In conclusion, these results indicate that bilateral IFG plays an important role in the medium use of the reappraisal strategy.

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