East Indian Hygrophila: Hygrophila polysperma (Roxb.) T. Anderson

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn A. Gettys ◽  
Stephen F. Enloe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
The United States ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
East Indian ◽  
Invasive Aquatic Plant ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Southern Florida

East Indian hygrophila, also known as Miramar weed, Indian swampweed, and hygro, is an invasive aquatic plant that grows under submersed and emergent conditions. The species is a federally listed noxious weed and a Florida Class II prohibited aquatic plant. East Indian hygrophila was first introduced to the United States as an aquarium plant around 1945. The first recorded sighting of East Indian hygrophila in Florida occurred near Tampa in 1965; by 1980, it had become a weed problem in southern Florida canals, and by 1994 it had spread to 18 of Florida’s public water bodies. This paper outlines the biology, ecology, invasion characteristics and environmental impacts of  East Indian hygrophila and and management of this noxious weed.

scholarly journals Jagd auf den Adlermörder — Entdeckung eines neuen Cyanotoxins

BIOspektrum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 594-597
Author(s):  
Steffen Breinlinger ◽  
Timo H. J. Niedermeyer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Aquatic Plant ◽  
Hydrilla Verticillata ◽  
The United States ◽  
Bald Eagle ◽  
Invasive Aquatic Plant

AbstractHunting down the eagle killer: Vacuolar myelinopathy is a neurological disease affecting wildlife — including the iconic bald eagle — in the United States. Its cause has been elusive for decades, but its occurrence has been linked to the cyanobacterium Aetokthonos hydrillicola colonizing the invasive aquatic plant Hydrilla verticillata. In a recent study, we found that A. hydrillicola produces a novel highly toxic biindole alkaloid (aetokthonotoxin), and proved that it is causing the disease.

scholarly journals Mottled Water Hyacinth Weevil Neochetina eichhorniae Warner (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

EDIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Eutychus Kariuki ◽  
Carey Minteer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Broward County ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Invasive Aquatic Plant ◽  
Neochetina Eichhorniae ◽  
Noxious Weed

Sometimes referred to as the ‘mottled water hyacinth weevil’, Neochetina eichhorniae Warner is a weevil that attacks the invasive, aquatic plant, water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. Water hyacinth is considered one of the most destructive plants in aquatic ecosystems in the United States and, as a result, is listed in both the federal noxious weed list and Florida’s list of prohibited aquatic plants. Neochetina eichhorniae is host specific and causes substantial damage to water hyacinth, making it a valuable biological control agent for this invasive weed in many parts of the world. The insect was first introduced into the United States from Argentina in 1972, when scientists released the insect in Broward County, Florida, to manage water hyacinth (Perkins 1973). Since then, the insect has been introduced in more than three dozen countries worldwide (Winston et al. 2014). Post-introduction studies indicate the insect substantially suppresses the growth of water hyacinth, significantly reducing biomass, flowers production, and water surface coverage (Grodowitz et al. 1991, Center et al. 1999, Tipping et al. 2014, Nesslage et al. 2016) and the need for herbicide applications (Haag 1986).

scholarly journals Subnational mobility and consumption-based environmental accounting of US corn in animal protein and ethanol supply chains

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (38) ◽  
pp. E7891-E7899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy M. Smith ◽  
Andrew L. Goodkind ◽  
Taegon Kim ◽  
Rylie E. O. Pelton ◽  
Kyo Suh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Supply Chain ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Food System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
Animal Protein ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Supply Networks

Corn production, and its associated inputs, is a relatively large source of greenhouse gas emissions and uses significant amounts of water and land, thus contributing to climate change, fossil fuel depletion, local air pollutants, and local water scarcity. As large consumers of this corn, corporations in the ethanol and animal protein industries are increasingly assessing and reporting sustainability impacts across their supply chains to identify, prioritize, and communicate sustainability risks and opportunities material to their operations. In doing so, many have discovered that the direct impacts of their owned operations are dwarfed by those upstream in the supply chain, requiring transparency and knowledge about environmental impacts along the supply chains. Life cycle assessments (LCAs) have been used to identify hotspots of environmental impacts at national levels, yet these provide little subnational information necessary for guiding firms’ specific supply networks. In this paper, our Food System Supply-Chain Sustainability (FoodS3) model connects spatial, firm-specific demand of corn purchasers with upstream corn production in the United States through a cost minimization transport model. This provides a means to link county-level corn production in the United States to firm-specific demand locations associated with downstream processing facilities. Our model substantially improves current LCA assessment efforts that are confined to broad national or state level impacts. In drilling down to subnational levels of environmental impacts that occur over heterogeneous areas and aggregating these landscape impacts by specific supply networks, targeted opportunities for improvements to the sustainability performance of supply chains are identified.

Food Versus Biomass Fuel: Socioeconomic and Environmental Impacts in the United States, Brazil, India, and Kenya

1988 ◽  
pp. 185-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pimentel ◽  
Alan F. Warneke ◽  
Wayne S. Teel ◽  
Kimberly A. Schwab ◽  
Nancy J. Simcox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
The United States ◽  
Biomass Fuel

Nutrients Pollution in Water Bodies

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-42
Author(s):  
Ángeles Val del Río ◽  
Paula Carrera Fernández ◽  
José Luis Campos Gómez ◽  
Anuska Mosquera-Corral
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Human Health ◽  
The United States ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
International Conventions ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The pollution of water bodies by an excess of nutrients (N and P) is a worldwide problem with effects on the human health, ecosystems status, climate change, etc. To face with this important issue different regulations were promulgated by the countries, sometimes based on the results from international conventions and programmes. In this chapter, a review of the laws and regulations that affect the discharge of nitrogen and phosphorus is addressed, focused in the case of Europe and the United States. Finally, a brief explanation about international initiatives was performed to understand the global framework concerning nutrients pollution.

Genetically Modified Crops

2021 ◽  
pp. 112-133
Author(s):  
Alasdair R. Young
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Member State ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Decision Rule ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Governments ◽  
The Eu

This chapter presents the EU’s responses with respect to three closely related policies: the approval of genetically modified (GM) crops for sale and (separately) for cultivation and efforts to lift member state bans on EU-approved GM varieties. These most similar cases differ in outcome; with the EU resuming approvals for sale (a change sufficient to placate Argentina and Canada, but not the United States), but not for cultivation and failing to address member state bans despite very permissive decision rules. In these cases, no tariffs were threatened and there was no exporter mobilization. Commission trade officials did push to accelerate approvals. The Commission, which was more favorably disposed toward biotechnology than most of the member states, was able, with the help of very a permissive decision rule, to overcome opposition to approvals for sale, but not for cultivation, reflecting greater concern among regulators about the environmental impacts of GM cultivation than about the safety of GM varieties. The member state governments also balked at forcing their peers to change their policies. There is little evidence that the WTO’s adverse ruling affected any of the protagonists’ preferences.

scholarly journals Food Deliveries at Swallow-Tailed Kite Nests in Southern Florida

The Condor ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth D. Meyer ◽  
Steven M. McGehee ◽  
Michael W. Collopy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Incubation Stage ◽  
La Florida ◽  
Southern Florida ◽  
Insect Biomass ◽  
Prey Items

Abstract We studied the diets of nesting Swallow-tailed Kites (Elanoides forficatus) at eight nests in 1988–1989 in southern Florida, where the species reaches its greatest abundance in the United States. Males fed females during the incubation stage an average of 2.1 ± 0.8 times per day. The adults averaged 10.9 ± 4.5 deliveries daily during the nestling stage, and 10.3 ± 12.5 deliveries to young daily following nest departure. Vertebrates comprised 97% of the biomass for the 1092 identifiable prey items delivered to nests. Frogs accounted for 56%, birds 30%, and reptiles 11% of all prey. Numerically, frogs made up 83% of the reptile and amphibian prey. The relative proportions of prey types varied substantially among nests within years, and significantly more snakes and insects were delivered in 1989. Total biomass delivered in 1988 did not differ from that in 1989. Bird biomass, however, was greater in 1988 and insect biomass was greater in 1989. Anoles and snakes were brought to nests in larger numbers during the morning and evening hours; and birds were delivered mainly from midmorning to midafternoon. Entregas de Alimentos en Nidos de Elanoides forficatus en el Sur de Florida Resumen. Durante 1988 y 1989 estudiamos la dieta de los polluelos de Elanoides forficatus en ocho nidos localizados en el sur de la Florida, donde la especie alcanza su mayor abundancia de nidificacion dentro de los Estados Unidos. Durante la incubación, los machos alimentaron a las hembras un promedio de 2.1 ± 0.8 veces por día. Durante la etapa de polluelos, los adultos hicieron un promedio de 10.9 ± 4.5 entregas diarias y un promedio de 10.3 ± 12.5 entregas diarias después de abandonar el nido. Los vertebrados comprendieron el 97% de la biomasa de las 1092 presas identificables entregadas en los nidos. Las ranas constituyeron el 56%, las aves el 30% y los reptiles el 11% del total de las presas. Numéricamente, las ranas constituyeron el 83% de la herpetofauna depredada. Las proporciones relativas de los tipos de presa variaron substancialmente entre los nidos a través de los años, y considerablemente más serpientes e insectos fueron entregados en 1989. La biomasa total entregada durante 1988 no difirió de la observada en 1989. Sin embargo, la biomasa de las aves fue mayor en 1988, mientras que la de los insectos fue mayor en 1989. Las lagartijas y serpientes fueron entregadas a los nidos en mayor cantidad durante las horas de la mañana y de la tarde, mientras que las aves fueron entregadas principalmente desde la mitad de la mañana hasta la mitad de la tarde.

Deciphering the true life cycle environmental impacts and costs of the mega-scale shale gas-to-olefins projects in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 820-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang He ◽  
Fengqi You
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Shale Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Environmental Models ◽  
The U.S

Using detailed techno-economic-environmental models, we investigate the environmental impacts and production costs of the mega-scale shale gas-to-olefins projects in the U.S.

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