scholarly journals In this study, NaCl at varrious concentrations of 4 – 10 g/L was used to investigate the salt tolerance of in vitro shoot cuttings of Chrysanthemum indicum. Morphological, physiological and biochemical changes during the response of shoot cuttings in the

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Phuong Thi Bach Vu ◽  
Hong Thi Anh Pham ◽  
Phuong Ngo Diem Quach
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Chrysanthemum Indicum ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

In this study, NaCl at varrious concentrations of 4 – 10 g/L was used to investigate the salt tolerance of in vitro shoot cuttings of Chrysanthemum indicum. Morphological, physiological and biochemical changes during the response of shoot cuttings in the salinity stress were analyzed. NaCl at 6 g/L reduced the development of shoot cuttings. Under salinity stress conditions, there have just a little reduction of the chloroplast in parenchymal cells near the midrib of leaf before they turn brown and die. Besides, carotenoid, starch content, and photosynthesis intensity were decreased. In contrast, respiration rate, proline and total soluble sugar content, and the activity of IAA and gibberellin were strongly increased. The application of IAA 0.25 mg/L, zeatin 0.1 mg/L and GA3 0.1 mg/L improved the shoot development in the salinity stress condition. Shoots in MS medium supplemented with BA 0.2 mg/L, NAA 2 mg/L and NaCl 6 g/L grow better in salinity stress condition.

scholarly journals Study on the in vitro development of Chrysanthymum indicum L. shoots in the salinity stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Thang Thanh Tran ◽  
Trinh Thi Diem Phan ◽  
Huong Thanh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Chrysanthemum Indicum ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Vitro Development

In this study, NaCl at varrious concentrations of 4 – 10 g/L was used to investigate the salt tolerance of in vitro shoot cuttings of Chrysanthemum indicum. Morphological, physiological and biochemical changes during the response of shoot cuttings in the salinity stress were analyzed. NaCl at 6 g/L reduced the development of shoot cuttings. Under salinity stress conditions, there have just a little reduction of the chloroplast in parenchymal cells near the midrib of leaf before they turn brown and die. Besides, carotenoid, starch content, and photosynthesis intensity were decreased. In contrast, respiration rate, proline and total soluble sugar content, and the activity of IAA and gibberellin were strongly increased. The application of IAA 0.25 mg/L, zeatin 0.1 mg/L and GA3 0.1 mg/L improved the shoot development in the salinity stress condition. Shoots in MS medium supplemented with BA 0.2 mg/L, NAA 2 mg/L and NaCl 6 g/L grow better in salinity stress condition.

scholarly journals Seed biostimulant Bacillus sp. MGW9 improves the salt tolerance of maize during seed germination

AMB Express ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heqin Li ◽  
Haiwang Yue ◽  
Li Li ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Haiyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Seed Biopriming

AbstractCrop performance is seriously affected by high salt concentrations in soils. To develop improved seed pre-sowing treatment technologies, it is crucial to improve the salt tolerance of seed germination. Here, we isolated and identified the strain Bacillus sp. MGW9 and developed the seed biostimulant MGW9. The effects of seed biopriming with the seed biostimulant MGW9 in maize (Zea mays L.) under saline conditions were studied. The results show that the strain Bacillus sp. MGW9 has characteristics such as salt tolerance, nitrogen fixation, phosphorus dissolution, and indole-3-acetic acid production. Seed biopriming with the seed biostimulant MGW9 enhanced the performance of maize during seed germination under salinity stress, improving the germination energy, germination percentage, shoot/seedling length, primary root length, shoot/seedling fresh weight, shoot/seedling dry weight, root fresh weight and root dry weight. Seed biostimulant MGW9 biopriming also alleviated the salinity damage to maize by improving the relative water content, chlorophyll content, proline content, soluble sugar content, root activity, and activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase, while decreasing the malondialdehyde content. In particular, the field seedling emergence of maize seeds in saline-alkali soil can be improved by biopriming with the seed biostimulant MGW9. Therefore, maize seed biopriming with the seed biostimulant MGW9 could be an effective approach to overcoming the inhibitory effects of salinity stress and promoting seed germination and seedling growth.

scholarly journals Effects of Abscisic Acid on ex vitro Acclimatization of Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers.

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfredo Colón-Guasp ◽  
Terril A. Nell ◽  
Michael E. Kane ◽  
James E. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Ex Vitro

The use of abscisic acid (ABA) as an in vitro prehardening treatment to enhance ex vitro acclimatization of Stage III Aronia arbutifolia plantlets was explored. Effects of ABA (0-4 mg·liter-1) pretreatment on ex vitro shoot growth, leaf carbon assimilation (LCA) and nonstructural carbohydrate content were evaluated during plantlet acclimatization under two photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) levels (450 and 650 μmol·m-2·s-1). Stage III plantlets rooted in the presence of ABA exhibited both shoot growth inhibition and transient negative LCA rates at time of transfer ex vitro. Regardless of treatment, maximum LCA rates were achieved by day 20 post-transplant. Pretreatment with ABA had no effect on stem or leaf starch content at time of transplant, however, leaf and stem soluble sugar content was higher in ABA treated plantlets than controls. Further suppression of shoot growth and alteration in the pattern of stem starch utilization occurred at the higher irradiance level. These results indicate that ABA pretreatments provide no physiological advantage that would facilitate ex vitro acclimatization of Aronia plantlets.

Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Poplar Plants to Drought Stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
ARADHNA KUMARI ◽  
IM KHAN ◽  
ANIL KUMAR SINGH ◽  
SANTOSH KUMAR SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Poplar clone Kranti was selected to assess the morphological, physiological and biochemical responses under drought at different levels of water stress, as it is a common clone used to be grown in Uttarakhand for making paper and plywood. The cuttings of Populus deltoides L. (clone Kranti) were exposed to four different watering regimes (100, 75, 50 and 25% of the field capacity) and changes in physiological and biochemical parameters related with drought tolerance were recorded. Alterations in physiological (i.e. decrease in relative water content) and biochemical parameters (i.e. increase in proline and soluble sugar content and build-up of malondialdehyde by-products) occurred in all the three levels of water stress, although drought represented the major determinant. Drought treatments (75%, 50% and 25% FC) decreased plant height, radial stem diameter, harvest index, total biomass content and RWC in all the three watering regimes compared to control (100% FC). Biochemical parameters like proline, soluble sugar and MDA content increased with severity and duration of stress, which helped plants to survive under severe stress. It was analyzed that for better wood yield poplar seedlings should avail either optimum amount of water (amount nearly equal to field capacity of soil) or maximum withdrawal up to 75% of field capacity up to seedling establishment period (60 days). Furthermore, this study manifested that acclimation to drought stress is related with the rapidity, severity, and duration of the drought event of the poplar species.

Study on some of the physiological and biochemical indexes under the age of development of banana fruit (Musa paradisiaca L.) grown in Thanh Tri, Hanoi

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95
Author(s):  
Trong Le Van ◽  
Khanh Nguyen Nhu
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Maximum Size ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Fruit Formation ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Research to determine the ripening time of the fruit is the scientific basis for better harvesting and preservation. Physiological and biochemical methods were used to analyze the changes of some indicators according to the growth and development of banana fruit grown in Thanh Liet commune, Thanh Tri district, Hanoi from the time of its formation until the fruit ripening. The results showed that the banana reached the maximum size at 16 weeks old, at this time the peel was yellow due to the decrease in chlorophyll and increased carotenoid content. The content of vitamin C and total organic acid content reached their maximum when the fruit at 12 weeks old, then decreased gradually. Starch content increased to 14 weeks old, then decreased. Reduced sugar content increased gradually to 16 weeks old and then decreased. Protein content decreased gradually from fruit formation until fruit ripening, lipid content increased gradually to 15 weeks old, then decreased. Through the research process, we have determined that the physiological ripe time of banana fruit was 16 weeks old, this is the time when the fruit stops growing and accumulates many nutrients.

Physiological and biochemical changes in potato under water stress condition

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
Mohammad Hossain ◽  
Mohinder Singh Kadian ◽  
Md. Azizul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Water Stress Condition ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Genes Associated with Starch Metabolism in Castanea henryi Seed (Fagaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Ruqiang Lin ◽  
Yuting Jiang ◽  
Shuzhen Jiang ◽  
Yuanfang Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Starch Metabolism ◽  
Carbohydrate Storage

Starch is the most important form of carbohydrate storage and is the major energy reserve in some seeds, especially Castanea henryi. Seed germination is the beginning of the plant’s life cycle, and starch metabolism is important for seed germination. As a complex metabolic pathway, the regulation of starch metabolism in C. henryi is still poorly understood. To explore the mechanism of starch metabolism during the germination of C. henryi, we conducted a comparative gene expression analysis at the transcriptional level using RNA-seq across four different germination stages, and analyzed the changes in the starch and soluble sugar contents. The results showed that the starch content increased in 0–10 days and decreased in 10–35 days, while the soluble sugar content continuously decreased in 0–30 days and increased in 30–35 days. We identified 49 candidate genes that may be associated with starch and sucrose metabolism. Three ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) genes, two nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases (NPPS) genes and three starch synthases (SS) genes may be related to starch accumulation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression levels of these genes. Our study combined transcriptome data with physiological and biochemical data, revealing potential candidate genes that affect starch metabolism during seed germination, and provides important data about starch metabolism and seed germination in seed plants.

scholarly journals Genotype-Site Interactions in Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Parameters in Clones of Dalbergia Sissoo Roxb

2007 ◽  
Vol 56 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Rawat ◽  
S. Nautiyal
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Total Soluble Protein ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Diameter Increment ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Summary A plantation trial of six selected clones of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. laid out in randomized block design at four sites in northern India during July, 1996 was evaluated for growth, physiological and biochemical parameters. Genotype-site interactions were significant for collar diameter increment, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic pigments, total soluble protein, total soluble sugar and starch content at 5 per cent level of significance. The variability estimates for these characters also indicated strong genetic control than the environment. However, stomatal conductance amongst these clones exhibited strong influence of environment that was non-additive in nature.

DRY WEIGHT, SOLUBLE SUGAR CONTENT, AND STARCH CONTENT OF MAIZE KERNELS DURING THE EARLY POSTSILKING PERIOD

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. TOLLENAAR ◽  
T. B. DAYNARD
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Maize Kernels

Kernel development was studied in the maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids United-H106 and Funk’s G-4444, grown in a controlled-environment growth room. A method was employed in which husks were excised, and kernels were removed from the same set of ears at several subsequent sampling dates. This method did not affect the dry matter accumulation of the remaining kernels. Basal kernels (kernel numbers 6–15 in the row) and tip kernels (kernel numbers 31–40) were removed at 2-day intervals during the period from 10 to 20 days postsilking. Dry weight, ethanol-soluble sugar content, and starch content were determined for each sample. Accumulation of dry matter in the tip kernels ceased in a fraction of the United-H106 ears at the onset of the period of linear tip-kernel dry matter accumulation. Only small differences were observed in sugar content between growing and non-growing tip kernels of ears of United-H106. Starch appeared to continue to accumulate in kernels in which dry matter had ceased to accumulate. Except for a delay of approximately 2 days, the pattern of development of tip kernels in Funk’s G-4444 was similar to that of kernels at the base.

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