scholarly journals Effects of Abscisic Acid on ex vitro Acclimatization of Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers.

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfredo Colón-Guasp ◽  
Terril A. Nell ◽  
Michael E. Kane ◽  
James E. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Ex Vitro

The use of abscisic acid (ABA) as an in vitro prehardening treatment to enhance ex vitro acclimatization of Stage III Aronia arbutifolia plantlets was explored. Effects of ABA (0-4 mg·liter-1) pretreatment on ex vitro shoot growth, leaf carbon assimilation (LCA) and nonstructural carbohydrate content were evaluated during plantlet acclimatization under two photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) levels (450 and 650 μmol·m-2·s-1). Stage III plantlets rooted in the presence of ABA exhibited both shoot growth inhibition and transient negative LCA rates at time of transfer ex vitro. Regardless of treatment, maximum LCA rates were achieved by day 20 post-transplant. Pretreatment with ABA had no effect on stem or leaf starch content at time of transplant, however, leaf and stem soluble sugar content was higher in ABA treated plantlets than controls. Further suppression of shoot growth and alteration in the pattern of stem starch utilization occurred at the higher irradiance level. These results indicate that ABA pretreatments provide no physiological advantage that would facilitate ex vitro acclimatization of Aronia plantlets.

scholarly journals Study on the in vitro development of Chrysanthymum indicum L. shoots in the salinity stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Thang Thanh Tran ◽  
Trinh Thi Diem Phan ◽  
Huong Thanh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Chrysanthemum Indicum ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Vitro Development

In this study, NaCl at varrious concentrations of 4 – 10 g/L was used to investigate the salt tolerance of in vitro shoot cuttings of Chrysanthemum indicum. Morphological, physiological and biochemical changes during the response of shoot cuttings in the salinity stress were analyzed. NaCl at 6 g/L reduced the development of shoot cuttings. Under salinity stress conditions, there have just a little reduction of the chloroplast in parenchymal cells near the midrib of leaf before they turn brown and die. Besides, carotenoid, starch content, and photosynthesis intensity were decreased. In contrast, respiration rate, proline and total soluble sugar content, and the activity of IAA and gibberellin were strongly increased. The application of IAA 0.25 mg/L, zeatin 0.1 mg/L and GA3 0.1 mg/L improved the shoot development in the salinity stress condition. Shoots in MS medium supplemented with BA 0.2 mg/L, NAA 2 mg/L and NaCl 6 g/L grow better in salinity stress condition.

scholarly journals In this study, NaCl at varrious concentrations of 4 – 10 g/L was used to investigate the salt tolerance of in vitro shoot cuttings of Chrysanthemum indicum. Morphological, physiological and biochemical changes during the response of shoot cuttings in the

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
Phuong Thi Bach Vu ◽  
Hong Thi Anh Pham ◽  
Phuong Ngo Diem Quach
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Chrysanthemum Indicum ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

In this study, NaCl at varrious concentrations of 4 – 10 g/L was used to investigate the salt tolerance of in vitro shoot cuttings of Chrysanthemum indicum. Morphological, physiological and biochemical changes during the response of shoot cuttings in the salinity stress were analyzed. NaCl at 6 g/L reduced the development of shoot cuttings. Under salinity stress conditions, there have just a little reduction of the chloroplast in parenchymal cells near the midrib of leaf before they turn brown and die. Besides, carotenoid, starch content, and photosynthesis intensity were decreased. In contrast, respiration rate, proline and total soluble sugar content, and the activity of IAA and gibberellin were strongly increased. The application of IAA 0.25 mg/L, zeatin 0.1 mg/L and GA3 0.1 mg/L improved the shoot development in the salinity stress condition. Shoots in MS medium supplemented with BA 0.2 mg/L, NAA 2 mg/L and NaCl 6 g/L grow better in salinity stress condition.

scholarly journals Responses of Broccoli Seedlings to Light Quality during Low-temperature Storage in Vitro: II. Sugar Content and Photosynthetic Efficiency

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1258-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra B. Wilson ◽  
Keiko Iwabuchi ◽  
Nihal C. Rajapakse ◽  
Roy E. Young
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Media Composition ◽  
Low Temperature Storage ◽  
Photosynthetic Ability ◽  
Temperature Storage

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. Botrytis group `Green Duke') seeds were cultured photoautotrophically (without sugar) or photomixotrophically (with sugar) in vitro for 3 weeks at 23 °C and150 μmol·m-2·s-1 photosynthetic photon flux (PPF). In vitro seedlings were stored for 0, 4, 8, or 12 weeks at 5 °C in darkness or under 5 μmol·m-2·s-1 of white (400–800 nm), blue (400–500 nm), or red (600–700 nm) light. Photosynthetic ability and soluble sugar contents were determined after removal from storage. Photomixotrophic seedlings contained approximately five times more soluble sugars than did photoautotrophic seedlings. Dark storage reduced soluble sugars in both photoautotrophic and photomixotrophic plants, but photosynthetic ability was maintained for up to 8 weeks in the latter whereas it decreased in the former. Illumination in storage increased leaf soluble sgars in both photoautotrophic and photomixotrophic seedlings. Soluble sugars in stems decreased during storage regardless of illumination, but remained higher in illuminated seedlings. Red light was more effective in increasing or maintaining leaf and stem soluble sugars than was white or blue light. Regardless of media composition or illumination, storage for more tan 8 weeks resulted in dramatic losses in quality and recovery, as well as photosynthetic ability. Seedlings stored for 12 weeks comletely lost their photosynthetic ability regardless of media composition or illumination. The results suggest that carbohydrate, supplied in the media or through illumination, is essential for maintenance of photosynthetic ability during low-temperature storage for up to 4 or 8 weeks.

Effects of prolonged cold storage on carbohydrate and protein content and field performance of white spruce bareroot seedlings

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1369-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Jiang ◽  
Janusz J. Zwiazek ◽  
S. Ellen Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Similar Survival

Three-year-old bareroot white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings from three seedlots were either lifted in the fall of 1990 and stored over winter at −2 °C, or lifted in the spring of 1991. The soluble sugar, starch, and protein contents of needles, stems, and roots were measured in fall-lifted seedlings before, during, and at the end of cold storage and compared with those in spring-lifted seedlings 10 days before outplanting. The soluble sugar content of the seedlings decreased significantly in all tissues during cold storage. At the time of spring planting, sugar and protein levels were similar in fall- and spring-lifted seedlings, but starch content was about two times higher in spring-lifted seedlings. After outplanting, spring-lifted seedlings flushed and resumed root growth sooner than the fall-lifted, cold-stored seedlings. Spring-lifted seedlings also had initially higher photosynthetic rates and water potentials compared with the fall-lifted seedlings. However, both types of seedlings had similar survival rates and 1st year shoot growth in the field. The responses of seedlings to cold storage were similar among seed lots.

scholarly journals Biofertlizer Lumbrical improves the growth and ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear plants

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Nataliya Dimitrova ◽  
Lilyana Nacheva ◽  
Małgorzata Berova ◽  
Danuta Kulpa
Keyword(s):  
Woody Species ◽  
Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Number Of Leaves

In vitro micropropagation of plants is highly useful for obtaining large quantities of planting material with valuable economic qualities. However, plantlets grow in vitro in a specific environment and the adaptation after the transfer to ex vitro conditions is difficult. Therefore, the acclimatization is a key step, which mostly determines the success of micropropagation. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of the biofertlizer Lumbrical on ex vitro acclimatization of micropropagated pear rootstock OHF 333 (Pyrus communis L.). Micropropagated and rooted plantlets were potted in peat and perlite (2:1) mixture with or without Lumbrical. They were grown in a growth chamber at a temperature of 22±2 °C and photoperiod of 16/8 hours supplied by cool-white fluorescent lamps (150 µmol m-2 s-1 Photosynthetic Photon Flux Density, PPFD). The plants were covered with transparent foil to maintain the high humidity, and ten days later, the humidity was gradually decreased. Biometric parameters, anatomic-morphological analyses, net photosynthetic rate and chlorophyll a fluorescence (JIP test) were measured 21 days after transplanting the plants to ex vitro conditions. The obtained results showed that the plants, acclimatized ex vitro in the substrate with Lumbrical, presented better growth (stem length, number of leaves, leaf area and fresh mass) and photosynthetic characteristics as compared to the control plants. This biostimulator could also be used to improve acclimatization in other woody species

scholarly journals Optimising grapevine summer stress responses and hormonal balance by applying kaolin in two Portuguese Demarcated Regions

OENO One ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-222
Author(s):  
Sara Bernardo ◽  
Lia-Tânia Dinis ◽  
Ana Luzio ◽  
Nelson Machado ◽  
Alexandre Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Hormonal Balance ◽  
Summer Stress ◽  
Grapevine Leaves

In Mediterranean-like climate areas, field-grown grapevines are typically exposed to severe environmental conditions during the summer season, which can negatively impact the sustainability of viticulture. Despite the short-term mitigation strategies available nowadays to cope with climate change, little is known regarding their effectiveness in different demarcated winegrowing regions with differing climate features. Hence, we applied a kaolin suspension (5 %) to Touriga-Franca (TF) and Touriga-Nacional (TN) grapevine varieties located in two Portuguese demarcated regions (Alentejo and Douro) with different mesoclimates to study its effect on the physiological performance, hormonal balance and ABA-related grapevine leaf gene expression during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons. Data show that 2017 was warmer than 2018 due to the occurrence of two heatwaves in both locations, highlighting the protective effect of kaolin application under severe environmental conditions. In the first study year, at midday, kaolin enhanced water use efficiency (23 % in Douro and 13 % in Alentejo), carbon assimilation rates (PN; 72 % in Douro and 25 % in Alentejo), and the soluble sugar content of grapevine leaves, while decreasing the accumulation of plant growth regulators (ABA, IAA, and SA) during the ripening stage. The results show an up-regulation of ABA biosynthesis-related genes (VvNCED) in TF treated vines from the Douro vineyard mainly in 2017, suggesting an increased stress response under severe summer conditions. Additionally, kaolin triggered the expression of ABA-responsive genes (VvHVA22a and VvSnRK2.6) mainly in TF, indicating different varietal responses to kaolin application under fluctuating periods of summer stress.

scholarly journals Diazotrophic bacteria in the growth of micropropagated ornamental pineapple

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-278
Author(s):  
Adriano Bortolotti Silva ◽  
Ligiane Aparecida Florentino ◽  
Dalvana De Sousa Pereira ◽  
Paulo Roberto Correa Landgraf ◽  
Ana Carolina Rodrigues Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Diazotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Ornamental pineapple is a hardy plant with significant landscaping value. Tissue culture of plants is viable for producing plants with a high phytosanitary quality. However, one of the difficulties with this cultivar is the acclimatization process, which is slow and can cause losses. The objective of the present study was to verify the potential of inoculation with diazotrophic bacteria for in vitro and ex vivo growth of ornamental pineapple. A group of diazotrophic bacterial strains selected at the Universidade José do Rosário Vellano (UNIFENAS) was prioritized in this study, and the treatments included bacterial strains UNIFENAS (100-13, 100-60, 100-68, 100-153, 100-167 and 100-198). These strains were evaluated in terms of their capacity to produce indole 3-acetic acid. Subsequently, plants were cultivated in a medium composed of MS medium salts (1/4), adding 1 mL of the bacterial strain. In the control treatment, the plants were maintained in 2 mL of MS medium. 7 days after inoculation, the plants were transplanted into the MS, where they were maintained for 30 days. After in vitro cultivation, the plants were transferred to pots containing commercial Plantmax® substrate and maintained under these conditions for 60 days. The diazotrophic bacteria were able to synthesize auxins, and their inoculation promoted greater growth in vitro and ex vitro in the plants. In the acclimatization phase, the plants inoculated with UNIFENAS strains (100-60, 100-68 and 100-153) promoted a higher shoot growth, chlorophyll content and nitrate reductase enzyme activity.

scholarly journals Effects of LED light on Acacia melanoxylon bud proliferation in vitro and root growth ex vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 349-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shubin Li ◽  
Lili Zhou ◽  
Sipan Wu ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Meng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Light Illumination ◽  
Root Number ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Blue Led ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Acacia Melanoxylon

AbstractThis study examines the effects of light emitting diodes (LEDs) on tissue culture proliferation of Acacia melanoxylon plantlets among five different clones (FM1, FM2, FM4, FM5, and FM10). Shoot bud apex cuttings were transplanted onto Murashige and Skoog basal medium containing 0.1 mg L-1 6-benzyladenine and 0.5 mg L-1 naphthalene acetic acid and cultured in vitro for 40 days. Root growth was studied under different light intensities and photoperiods ex vitro. The bud proliferation coefficient was greatest under a light intensity of 45 μmol m-2 s-1 photosynthetic photon flux and photoperiod of 16 h light, but decreased as the light intensity increased. However, the greatest light intensity was beneficial for the growth of robust plantlets. Plantlets exposed to red and blue LED combinations grew tall and green, with a small number of roots. Plantlets also grew taller and some roots expanded under the longer photoperiod. Increased light intensity had positive effects on root number and rooting rate, and prolonged light greatly increased root number. Therefore, lower light intensity and a short photoperiod were beneficial for bud proliferation, while red/blue LED combinations, increased light intensity, and longer light illumination were beneficial for plantlet growth and root growth of Acacia melanoxylon.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Genes Associated with Starch Metabolism in Castanea henryi Seed (Fagaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Ruqiang Lin ◽  
Yuting Jiang ◽  
Shuzhen Jiang ◽  
Yuanfang Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Starch Metabolism ◽  
Carbohydrate Storage

Starch is the most important form of carbohydrate storage and is the major energy reserve in some seeds, especially Castanea henryi. Seed germination is the beginning of the plant’s life cycle, and starch metabolism is important for seed germination. As a complex metabolic pathway, the regulation of starch metabolism in C. henryi is still poorly understood. To explore the mechanism of starch metabolism during the germination of C. henryi, we conducted a comparative gene expression analysis at the transcriptional level using RNA-seq across four different germination stages, and analyzed the changes in the starch and soluble sugar contents. The results showed that the starch content increased in 0–10 days and decreased in 10–35 days, while the soluble sugar content continuously decreased in 0–30 days and increased in 30–35 days. We identified 49 candidate genes that may be associated with starch and sucrose metabolism. Three ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) genes, two nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases (NPPS) genes and three starch synthases (SS) genes may be related to starch accumulation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression levels of these genes. Our study combined transcriptome data with physiological and biochemical data, revealing potential candidate genes that affect starch metabolism during seed germination, and provides important data about starch metabolism and seed germination in seed plants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document